Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Diversity and Biomass of Benthic Diatoms in Hampyeong Bay Tidal Flats

함평만 갯벌 저서규조류의 다양성과 생물량

  • Lee, Hak Young (Department of Biological Science, Chonnam National University)
  • 이학영 (전남대학교 자연과학대학 생물학과)
  • Received : 2013.10.28
  • Accepted : 2013.11.04
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

The diversity and biomass distribution of benthic diatom flora at tidal flats of Hampyeong Bay were studied from 2006 to 2013 as a part of KLTER Program. A total of 83 species (77 strains in 2006, 65 strains in 2007, 41 strains in 2008, 45 strains in 2009, 54 strains in 2010, 55 strains in 2011, 56 strains in 2012 and 40 strains in 2012) were identified as benthic diatoms of Hampyeong Bay tidal flats. The most dominant species were Paralia sulcata and Cyclotella litoralis. Cyclotella sp., Diploneis sp., Entomoneis alata, Gyrosigma sp., Navicula abunda, Navicula gregaria, Navicula spp. and Nitzschia palea were the other common species which contributed to the high benthic diatom biomass in the Bay. The diversity of benthic diatoms varied according to the sample stations and seasons. The highest diversity was observed in August samples. The range of chlorophyll- a concentration in sediments of tidal flats for 8 years was 21~65 mg $m^{-2}$. The standing crops of benthic diatoms varied according to the studied stations and sampled seasons. The number of taxa and standing crops showed decreasing tendency year after year from all sampled stations. The distributions of standing crops and cell volumes of benthic diatoms showed similar pattern. The taxa and biomass of benthic diatoms showed low correlation coefficients with temperature variables expressed as the following equations $Y=-0.0208X^2+0.5264X+19.529(r^2=0.0269)$ and $Y=-0.9181X^2+27.011X+310.07(r^2=0.0797)$ respectively.

함평만 갯벌에서 2005년부터 2013년까지의 조사를 통해 동정된 저서규조류 중 가장 우점도가 높은 종은 Paralia sulcata였으며 연간 40종에서 77종의 범위로 동정되었다. 조사가 이루어진 8년 동안 출현종의 분석에서 완만하지만 지속적으로 다양도가 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 조사시기에 따른 출현종 분포에서는 전 지점에서 5월과 7월에 비교적 다양했고 3월에 종조성이 가장 단순한 것으로 나타났으나, 유의성이 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 표층 퇴적물의 연 평균 엽록소 a 농도는 21~65 mg $m^{-2}$이었으며 2006년 이후 지속적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내다가 2011년에는 세 지점 모두에서 일시 증가한 후 다시 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 계절 분포에서는 봄철에 가장 높고 여름에서 가을로 접어드는 시점에 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 단위면적당 출현 개체수도 세 지점 모두에서 점진적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타냈고, 생물량도 감소하는 경향을 보여주었다. 온도에 따른 저서규조류 출현종수 $Y=-0.0208X^2+0.5264X+19.529(r^2=0.0269)$의 식으로 표현되어 최고의 종 다양도는 $15^{\circ}C$에서 23.1종인 것으로 나타났고, 저서규조류 생물량 $Y=-0.9181X^2+27.011X+310.07(r^2=0.0797)$의 식으로 표현되어 최고의 생물량은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 502.38 ${\mu}m^3cm^{-2}$인 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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