Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Review of the Estimation Method of Methane Emission from Waste Landfill for Korean Greenhouse Gas and Energy Target Management System

온실가스·에너지 목표관리제를 위한 폐기물 매립시설 메탄배출량의 적정 산정방법에 관한 고찰

  • Seo, Dong-Cheon (EcoGreen Works) ;
  • Nah, Je-Hyun (Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Bae, Sung-Jin (Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Lee, Dong-Hoon (Department of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, The University of Seoul)
  • 서동천 (에코그린연구소) ;
  • 나제현 (서울시립대학교 에너지환경시스템공학부) ;
  • 배성진 (서울시립대학교 에너지환경시스템공학부) ;
  • 이동훈 (서울시립대학교 에너지환경시스템공학부)
  • Received : 2013.04.05
  • Accepted : 2013.11.13
  • Published : 2013.12.30
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Abstract

To promote the carbon emission trading scheme and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission as following 'Korean GHG & Energy Target Management System', GHG emissions should be accurately determined in each industrial sector. For the estimation method of GHG emission from waste landfill, there are several error parameters, therefore we reviewed the estimation method and proposed a revised method. Methane generation from landfill must be calculated by the selected method based on methane recovery rate, 0.75. However, this methodology is not considered about uncertainty factor. So it is desirable that $CH_4$ generation is estimated using first order decay model and methane recovery should use field monitoring data. If not, $CH_4$ recovery could be applied from other study results; 0.60 of operational landfill with gas vent and flaring system, 0.65 of operational site with landfill gas recovery system, 0.90 of closed landfill with final cover. Other parameters such as degradable organic carbon (DOC) and fraction of DOC decompose ($DOC_f$) need to derive the default value from studies to reflect a Korean waste status. Proper application of MCF that is selected by operation and management of landfill requires more precise criteria.

우리나라에서 시행되고 있는 '온실가스 에너지 목표관리제'의 효율적인 운영을 통하여 실질적인 온실가스 배출을 감축하고 향후 예정되어 있는 '탄소배출권 거래제'의 원활한 추진을 위해서는 온실가스배출량의 정확한 산정이 요구된다. 폐기물부문에서 주요 온실가스배출원인 폐기물 매립시설에 대해서도 목표관리제 운영지침에서 온실가스배출량 산정방법이 제시되어 있으나 계산방법과 매개변수 등에 오차요인이 있어 적정 산정방법에 대해 검토 제안하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 메탄회수율 0.75를 기준으로 산정방법을 구분하고 그 단일값과 메탄회수량으로부터 메탄발생량을 계산하는 방법은 삭제하여 온실가스배출량 산정과정의 중복적용과 과대평가 발생요인을 해소할 필요가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 메탄발생량은 일차분해모델로 추정하고 메탄회수량은 매립시설에서 측정한 값을 사용하도록 하되 과거 메탄회수량 데이터를 확보하기 곤란한 경우에는 메탄회수량을 산정할 수 있도록 일일복토나 중간복토가 포설된 사용중 매립시설에서는 가스배제공과 간이소각 0.60, 강제포집 시스템 0.65로, 최종복토가 이루어진 사용종료 매립시설은 자연적인 포집이나 강제포집이 수행되면 0.90으로 국내 매립시설에 적합한 조건별 메탄회수율 기준값을 제시하였다. 주요 매개변수 중 분해 가능한 유기탄소 비율(DOC)과 메탄으로 전환 가능한 DOC 비율($DOC_f$)은 국내 폐기물의 조성별 특성을 반영할 수 있도록 국내 연구결과를 이용하여 기준값을 도출하여 사용할 수 있으며, 메탄보정계수(MCF)는 매립시설의 설계나 설치 등의 단순한 기준으로 판단할 수 없으므로 명확한 기준이 요구되는 것으로 나타났다.

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