대한안전경영과학회지 (Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science)

  • 제15권4호
  • /
  • Pages.123-129
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 1229-6783(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-1484(eISSN)
대한안전경영과학회 (Korea Safety Management & Science)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

4륜 운반차 수직형 손잡이에서 인간공학적 최적 높이 및 간격 결정

Ergonomic Optimization of the Handle Height and Distance for the Two-Vertical Type Handles of the 4-Wheel Cart

  • 송영웅 (대구가톨릭대학교 산업보건학과)
  • Song, Young Woong (Department of Occupational Health, Catholic University of Daegu)
  • 투고 : 2013.10.20
  • 심사 : 2013.12.09
  • 발행 : 2013.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Among various manual materials handling tasks, pushing/pulling was known to be one of the risk factors for the low back and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study was conducted to find out an optimal solution set of the handle height and distance for 4-wheel cart with two vertical handles. Ten male college students participated in the pushing force measurement experiment. The face-centered cube design, one of the central composite designs, was applied for the experiment, and the isometric voluntary pushing force was measured in 9 treatment conditions. The second order response surface model was predicted by using the pushing strength as a response variable, and the handle height and distance as independent factors. According to the 2nd order response model, the handle height and distance showed nonlinear relationship with the isometric pushing strength. To maximize the 2nd order response model (pushing force), the handle height and distance were optimized. The optimal handle height was 'xyphoid process height - stature', and the optimal handle distance was '$1.25{\times}shoulder$ width'. When calculated using the anthropometric data of the subjects of this study, the optimal handle height was $115.4{\pm}3.4$ cm, slightly higher than the elbow height, and the handle distance was $52.9{\pm}2.3$ cm.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ministry of Employment and Labor (2012), "Statistics of the Industrial Accident in 2011." Korean Ministry of Employment and Labor
  2. Plouvier, S., Renahy, E., Chastang, J.F., Bonenfant, S., Leclerc, A.(2008), "Biome chanical strains and low back disorders: quantifying the effects of the number of years of exposure on various types of pain." Occupational Environmental Meddicine, 65:268-274 https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2007.036095
  3. Harkness, E.F., Macfarlane, G.J., Nahit, E.S., Silman, A.J., McBeth, J.(2003), "Mechanical and psychosocial factors predict new onset shoulder pain; a prospective cohort study of newly employed workers." Occupational Environmental Meddicine, 6:850-857
  4. Garcin, M., Cravic, J.Y., Vandewalle, H., Monod, H.(1996), "Physiological strains while pushing or hauling." European Journal of Applied Physiology, 72:478- 482
  5. Garg A, Waters T, Kapellusch J, Karwowski W.(2012), "Psychophysical basis for maximum pushing and pulling forces: A review and recommendations." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 11 October 2012
  6. Baril-Gingras, G., Lortie, M.(1995), "The handling of objects other than boxes: univariate analysis of handling techniques in large transport company." Ergonomics, 38:905-925 https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139508925159
  7. Mack, K., Haslegrave, C.M., Gray, M.I.(1995), "Usability of manual handling aids for transporting materials." Applied Ergonnomics, 26: 353-364 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(95)00056-9
  8. Al-Eisawi, K.W., Kerk, C.J., Congleton, J.J., Amendola, A.A., Jenkins, O.C., Gaines, W.G.(1999), "Factors affecting minimum push and pull forces of manual carts." Applied Ergonomics 30:235-245 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(98)00019-2
  9. Van der Beek, A.J., Kluver, B.D.R., Frings-Dres en, M.H.W., Hoozemans, M.J.M.(2000), "Gender differences in exerted forces and physiological load during pushing and pulling of wheeled cages by postal workers." Ergonomics, 42:269-281
  10. Ciriello, V.M., McGorry, R.W., Martin, S.E., 2001. Maximum acceptable horizon tal and vertical forces of dynamic pushing on high and lowcoefficient of friction floors. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 27:1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-8141(00)00034-2
  11. Warwick, D., Novak, G., Schultz, A., Berkson, M.(1980), "Maximum voluntary strengths of male adults in some lifting, pushing and pulling activities." Ergonomics, 23:49-54 https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138008924717
  12. Chaffin, D.B., Anderson, G.B.J., Martin, B.J.(1999), "Occupational Biomechanics", third ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
  13. Lee, K.S., Chaffin, D.B., Herrin, G.D., Waiker, A.M.(1991), "Effect of handle height on lower-back loading in cart pushing and pulling." Applied Ergonomics, 22:117-123 https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(91)90310-E
  14. Hoozemans, M.J.M., Kuijer, P.P.F.M., Knigma, I., van Dieen, J.H., de Vries, W.H.D., van der Woude, L.H.V., Veeger, D.J., van deer Beek, A.J. Frings- Dresen, M.H.W.(2004), "Mechanical loading of the low back and shoulders during pushing and pulling activities.", Ergonomics, 47:1-18 https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130310001593577
  15. Das, B., Wimpee, J., Das, B.(2002), "Ergonomics evaluation and redesign of a hospital meal cart.", Applied Ergonomics, 33:309-318 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00018-2
  16. Jansen, J.P., Hoozemans, M.J.M., van der Beek, A.J., Frings-Dresen, M.H.W. (2002), "Evaluation of ergonomic adjust ments of catering carts to reduce exter nal pushing forces.", Applied Ergonomics, 33:117-127 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-6870(02)00002-9
  17. Lin J.H., McGorry R.W., Chang, C.C. (2012), "Effects of handle orientation and between-handle distance on bi- manual isometric push strength.", Applied Ergonomics, 43:664-670 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2011.10.004
  18. Okunribido, O.O., Haslegrave, C.M. (2008), "Ready steady push - a study of the role of arm posture in manual exertions.", Ergonomics 51: 192-216 https://doi.org/10.1080/00140130701526374
  19. Tiwari, P.S., Gite, L.P., Majumder, J., Pharade, S.C., Singh, V.V.(2010), "Push/ pull strength of agricultural workers in central India.", International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 40:1-7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2009.10.001
  20. Kumar, S.(1995), "Upper body push- pull strength of normal young adults in sagittal plane at three heights.", International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 15:427-436 https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-8141(94)00062-8