Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion (한국연소학회지)

The Korean Society of Combustion (한국연소학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of CO2 Addition in Downstream Interaction between 2-Air and CO-Air Premixed Flames

H2-공기와 CO-공기 예혼합화염 사이의 후류상호작용에 있어서 CO2 첨가 효과

  • 길상인 (한국기계연구원 환경에너지기계본부) ;
  • 박정 (부경대학교 기계공학과)
  • Received : 2013.10.21
  • Accepted : 2013.11.21
  • Published : 2013.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Numerical study was conducted to clarify effects of added $CO_2$ for the downstream interaction between $H_2$-air and CO-air premixed flames in counterflow configuration. The reaction mechanism adopted was Davis model which had been known to be well in agreement with reliable experimental data. The results showed that both lean and rich flammable limits were reduced. The most discernible difference between the two with and without having $CO_2$ addition into $H_2$-air and CO-air premixtures was two flammable islands for the former and one island for the latter at high strain flame conditions. Even a small amount of $H_2$, in which $H_2$-air premixed flame cannot be sustained by itself, participates in CO oxidation, thereby altering the CO-oxidation reaction path from the main reaction route $CO+O_2{\rightarrow}CO_2+O$ with a very long chemical time in CO-air flame to the (H, O, OH)-related reaction routes including $CO+OH{\rightarrow}CO_2+H$ with relatively short chemical times. This intrinsic nature alters flame stability maps appreciably. The results also showed that chemical effects of added $CO_2$ suppressed flame stabilization. Particularly this phenomenon was appreciable at flame conditions which lean and rich extinction boundary was merged. The detailed discussion of chemical effects of added $CO_2$ was addressed to the present downstream interaction.

Keywords

References

  1. Fotache CG, Tan Y, Sung CJ, Law CK. Ignition of CO/$H_{2}$/$N_2$ versus heated air in counterflow: experimental and modeling results. Combust Flame 2000;120:417-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(99)00098-X
  2. Vagelopoupos CM, Egolfpoulos FN. Laminar flame speeds and extinction strain rates of mixtures of carbon monoxide with hydrogen, methane, and air. Proc Combust Inst 1994;25:1317-23.
  3. Mclean IC, Smith DB, Taylor SC. The use of carbon monoxide/hydrogen burning velocities to examine the rate of the CO+OH reaction. Proc Combust Inst 1994;25:749-57.
  4. Brown MJ, Mclean IC, Smith DB, Taylor SC. Markstein lengths of CO/$H_{2}$/air flames using expanding spherical flames. Proc Combust Inst 1996; 26:875-81.
  5. Natarajan J, Lieuwen T, Seitzman J. Laminar flame speeds of $H_{2}$/CO mixture effects of $CO_{2}$ dilution, preheat temperature, and pressure. Combust Flame 2007;151:104-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2007.05.003
  6. Vu TM, Park J, Kwon OB, Kim JS. Effects of hydrocarbon addition on cellular instabilities in expanding syngas-air spherical premixed flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2009;34:6961-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.06.067
  7. Davis SG, Joshi AV, Wang H, Egolfopoulos F. An optimized kinetic model of $H_{2}$/CO combustion. Proc Combust Inst 2005;30:1283-92.
  8. Park J, Keel SI, Yun JH, Kim TK. Effects of addition of electrolysis products in methane-air diffusion flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2007; 32: 4059-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.05.024
  9. Park J, Keel SI, Yun JH. Addition Effects of $H_{2}$and $H_{2}O$on Flame Structure and Pollutant Emission in Methane-Air Diffusion Flame. Energy & Fuels 2008;21:3216-24.
  10. Kim JS, Park J, Kwon OB, Yun JH, Keel SI, Kim TK. Preferential diffusion effects on NO formation in methane/hydrogen-air diffusion flames. Energy & Fuels 2008; 22:278-83. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef700505a
  11. Ishizuka S, Law CK. An experimental study on extinction and stability of stretched premixed flames. Proc. Combust. Inst. 1982;19:327-35.
  12. Sohrab SH, Ye ZY, Law CK. An experimental investigation on flame interaction and the existence of negative flame speeds. Proc Combust Inst 1984; 20:1957-65.
  13. Sohrab SH, Ye ZY, Law CK. Theory of interactive combustion of counterflow premixed flames. Combust Sci Technol 1986;45:27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102208608923840
  14. Chung SH, Kim JS, Law CK. Extinction of interacting premixed flames: theory and experimental comparisons. Proc Combust Inst 1986;21: 1845-51.
  15. Kim JS, Park J, Bae DS, Vu TM, Ha JS, Kim TK. A Study on Methane-air Premixed Flames Interacting with Syngas-air Premixed Flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2010;35:1390-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.078
  16. Ha JS, Moon CW, Park J, Kim JS, Yun JH, Keel SI. A Study on Flame Interaction between Methaneair and Nitrogen-diluted Hydrogen-air Premixed Flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2010;35:6992- 7001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.04.104
  17. Ha JS, Park J, Vu TM, Kwon OB, Yun JH, Keel SI. Effect of flame stretch in downstream interaction between premixed syngas-air flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2011;36: 13181-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.07.042
  18. Kim TH, Song WS, Park J, Kwon OB, Park JH. Effects of Preferential Diffusion on Downstream Interaction in Premixed $H_{2}$/CO Syngas-Air Flames. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2012;37:12015-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.05.074
  19. 정승욱, 박정, 권오붕, 길상인, 윤진한, "신장된 $H_{2}$-공기와 CO-공기의 예혼합화염 사이의 후류 상호작용에서 화염소화에 화학적 상호작용", 한국연소학회지 투고
  20. 정용호, 박정, 권오붕, 길상인, 윤진한, "상호작 용하는 $H_{2}$-공기/CO-공기 예혼합화염에 미치는 $H_{2}$선호확산 영향에 대한 수치적 연구", 한국연소학회지 투고
  21. Kee RJ, Miller JA, Evans GH, Dixon-Lewis G. A computational model of the structure and extinction of strained, opposed flow, premixed methaneare flame. Proc Combust Inst 1988;22:1479-94.
  22. Lutz AE, Kee RJ, Grcar JF, Rupley FM. A fortran program for computing opposed-flow diffusion flames. Sandia National Laboratories Report. SAND 96-8243;1997.
  23. Ju Y, Guo H, Maruta K, Liu F. On the extinction limit and flammability limit of non-adiabatic stretched methane-air premixed flames. J Fluid Mech 1997;342:315. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112097005636
  24. Kee RJ, Rupley FM, Miller JA. Chemkin II: a fortran chemical kinetics package for analysis of gas phase chemical kinetics. Sandia National Laboratories Report. SAND 89-8009B;1989.
  25. Kee RJ, Dixon-Lewis G, Warnatz J, Coltrin ME, Miller JA. A fortran computer code package for the evaluation of gas-phase multi-component transport. Sandia National Laboratories Report. SAND86- 8246; 1994.
  26. Park J, Kim JS, Chung JO, Yun JH, Keel SI. Chemical effects of added $CO_{2}$on the extinction characteristics of $H_{2}$/CO/$CO_{2}$syngas diffusion flames. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 2009;34:8756-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.08.046
  27. Westbrook CK, Dryer FL. Chemical kinetic modeling of hydrocarbon combustion. Prog Energy Combust. Sci 1984;10:1-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1285(84)90118-7