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탄산염질 암석으로 구성된 석조문화재의 산성비에 의한 손상 연구

Study on Deterioration of Stone Monuments Constructed with Carbonate Rock by Acid Rain

  • 도진영 (경주대학교 문화재학부) ;
  • 조현구 (경상대학교 지구환경과학과 및 기초과학연구소)
  • Do, Jin Young (School of Cultural Assets, Gyeongju University) ;
  • Cho, Hyen Goo (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 투고 : 2013.11.29
  • 심사 : 2013.12.19
  • 발행 : 2013.12.31

초록

탄산염질 암석으로 건조된 석조문화재의 산성비에 따른 손상을 예측하기 위하여 백운암질 대리암 시편에 pH 4.0, pH 5.6 및 pH 6.85 인공강우와 인공풍화시험을 적용하였다. 모든 산성도의 강우는 대리암과 반응 후 중성부근으로 변화하였다. 대리암과 반응한 후 모든 산성도의 강우에서 $Ca^{2+}$$Mg^{2+}$의 함량이 두 배 이상 증가하였으며 탈이온수에서의 이온함량도 산성수에서와 유사하다. pH 4.0 강우와 반응한 대리암 시편의 무게가 시험 매회 $0.00037kg/m^2$ 감소할 것으로 예측되며, 이는 한계산성비 pH 5.6에 비해 약 1.4배, 중성강우에 비해 약 3.1배, 그리고 인공풍화시험만 거친 시편에 비해서는 3.7배 큰 값이다. 일축압축강도는 pH 4.0 강우에서 시험 매회 $0.2468kg/m^2$가 감소되며 강우에 접하지 않았을 때보다 2배 크다. pH 5.6과 pH 6.85 강우에서는 강도감소율이 각각 0.1791, $0.1280kg/m^2$로 도출되어 강우의 산성도가 강할수록 대리암의 강도는 약화됨이 예측되었다. 강우에 의해 대리암으로부터 이탈된 광물은 백운석과 소량의 방해석이다.

The artificial rain (pH 4.0, pH 5.6 and pH 6.85) and weathering simulation test are applied in dolomitic marble for the prediction of deterioration of the stone monuments constructed with carbonate rock by acid rain. pH of the applied rain all increase to about neutral pH after reaction of marble. The contents of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ have increased more than twofold in two acid rain and deionized neutral rain after reaction of marble. The weight of marble is expected to decrease $0.00037kg/m^2$ each test cycle by pH 4.0 rain. This weight reduction rate of marble is 1.4 and 3.1 times more in pH 5.6 and pH 6.85 rain respectively, and 3.7 times more in only artificial weathering test. The compressive strength of marble is expected to decrease 0.2468, 0.1791 and $0.1280kg/m^2$ per test cycle with pH 4.0, pH 5.6 and pH 6.85 rain, respectively. These results mean that more acidic rain more enfeeble the strength of marble. Dolomite and small amount of calcite are precipitated in the rains after reaction of marble.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. An Understanding of Elementary School Students on the Acid-Base, Acid Rain and Soil Acidification vol.27, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.13000/JFMSE.2015.27.6.1764
  2. Variation of Physical and Microstructural Properties of Limestone caused by Artificial Freezing and Thawing vol.25, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7474/TUS.2015.25.5.435
  3. 창덕궁 이문원 측우대의 비파괴 재질 분석과 국가지정 측우대와의 비교 vol.53, pp.3, 2020, https://doi.org/10.22755/kjchs.2020.53.3.244