DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Homogeneity in Case/Control Numbers and North Indian Caste Criteria in Cervical Cancer/Female Urology Genetic-Studies at a Premier Medical Research Institute in Lucknow, India

  • Pandey, Saumya (Krishna Medical Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Chandravati, Chandravati (Krishna Medical Centre, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences)
  • Published : 2013.10.30

Abstract

Cervical cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in Lucknow and New York in the $21^{st}$ century. Cancer genetic studies are essential to identify/stratify disease-susceptible individuals in a population-based cohort. Sample size homogeneity and North Indian caste in female urology genetic-studies are significant issues in meaningful interpretation of data. A review of scientific literature using Pubmed database was conducted, including an assessment of cervical cancer genetic studies conducted as part of the author's doctoral dissertation at a premier Lucknow-based medical research Institute. Sample size numbers and caste criteria in the North Indian cohort ($N{\leq}400$ subjects) were evaluated with homogeneity in the sample cohort data set(s). Subgroup caste-stratification of North Indian cohort is equally essential, for instance, Brahmin (e.g. Pandey), Vaishya (e.g. Mittal), Rajput (e.g. Singh) and Kshudra (e.g. Yadav) during the conception and design of genetics-based studies. Sample size homogeneity in histopathologically confirmed case and control numbers and caste-based stratification in a North Indian cohort is essential in single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) studies in cervical cancer susceptible populations to draw more definitive conclusions.

Keywords

References

  1. de Oliveira JG, Silva AE (2012). Polymorphisms of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes are associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population. World J Gastroenterol, 18, 1235-42. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i11.1235
  2. Gangwar R, Pandey S, Mittal RD (2009). Association of interferon-${\gamma}$ +874A polymorphism with the risk of developing cervical cancer in north-Indian population. BJOG, 116, 1671-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02307.x
  3. Lee CH, Dershaw DD, Kopans D, et al (2010). Breast cancer screening with Imaging: Recommendations from the Society of Breast Imaging and the ACR on the use of Mammography, Breast MRI, Breast Ultrasound, and other technologies for the detection of clinically occult breast cancer. J Am Coll Radiol, 27, 18-27.
  4. Leong SPL, Shen ZZ, Liu TJ, et al (2010). Is breast cancer the same disease in Asian and Western Countries? World J Surg, 34, 2308-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-010-0683-1
  5. Pandey S, Chandravati (2012). Autophagy in Cervical Cancer: an emerging therapeutic target. Asian Pac Cancer Prev, 13, 4881-5. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2012.13.10.4867
  6. Pandey S, Mittal RD, Srivastava M, et al (2009). Impact of Toll-like receptors [TLR] 2 (-196 to -174 del) and TLR4 (Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile) in cervical cancer susceptibility inNorth Indian women. Gynecol Oncol, 114, 501-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.05.032
  7. Pandey S, Mittal RD, Srivastava M, et al (2010).Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms and risk of cervical cancer in a North Indian Population. Int J Gynecol Cancer, 20, 625-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/IGC.0b013e3181c63f79
  8. Pandey S, Mittal RD, Srivastava M, et al (2011). Evaluation of toll-like receptors 3 (c.1377C/T) and 9 (G2848A) gene polymorphisms in cervical cancer susceptibility. Mol Biol Rep, 38, 4715-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-010-0607-z
  9. Pandey S, Chandravati (2013). Robotic prostatectomy in urological surgery: an observership at Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 4945. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.8.4945
  10. Shavers VL, Harlan LC, Stevens JL (2003). Racial/ethnic variation in clinical presentation, treatment, and survival among breast cancer patients https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.11051
  11. Yu JT, Mou SM, Wang LZ, et al (2011). Toll-like receptor 2 -196 to -174 del polymorphism influences the susceptibility of Han Chinese people to Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation, 8, 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-8-136