한국수산과학회지 (Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences)

  • 제46권6호
  • /
  • Pages.753-760
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 0374-8111(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2287-8815(eISSN)
한국수산과학회 (The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli) 치어의 배합사료 적정 공급률과 공급횟수

Optimum Feeding Rate and Frequency in Juvenile Korean Rockfish Sebastes schlegeli Fed a Commercial Diet

  • 이진혁 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) ;
  • 김강웅 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) ;
  • 이봉주 (국립수산과학원 사료연구센터) ;
  • 박건현 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 이준호 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 윤현호 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소) ;
  • 배승철 (부경대학교 해양바이오신소재학과/사료영양연구소)
  • Lee, Jin-Hyeok (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Kang-Woong (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Lee, Bong-Joo (Aquafeed Research Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Park, Gun-Hyun (Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Ho (Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Yun, Hyeon-Ho (Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Bai, Sungchul C. (Department of Marine Bio-Materials and Aquaculture / FFNRC, Pukyong National University)
  • 투고 : 2013.06.11
  • 심사 : 2013.11.06
  • 발행 : 2013.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effects of feeding rate and frequency on growth performance and body composition of juvenile Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli reared at $15.0{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$. In the first trial, three replicate fish groups averaging $2.07{\pm}0.03g$ were fed a commercial diet with one of seven different daily feeding rates: 1.00%, 2.00%, 2.50%, 2.75%, 3.00%, 3.25%, and satiation (3.34%) based on body weight (BW). After four weeks of feeding, fish fed the 3% diet showed significantly higher weight gain (WG) and feed efficiency (FE) than fish that received the other feeding rates. In the second trial, the optimum feeding frequency was evaluated with three replicate fish groups averaging $2.04{\pm}0.03g$. Fish were fed a commercial diet at 2.87% BW with six different daily feeding frequencies: 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, or 9 meals. After four weeks of feeding, WG, specific growth rate, FE, and protein efficiency rate in fish fed 3 meals $d^{-1}$ were significantly higher than those of fish fed 7 or 9 meals $d^{-1}$. In both feeding trials, proximate composition of the entire body changed depending on the feeding rate or frequency. A broken-line regression analysis based on weight gain suggested that the optimum daily feeding rate and frequency for juvenile Korean rockfish at $15^{\circ}C$ was 2.9% BW $d^{-1}$ and 2-3 meals $d^{-1}$, respectively.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Adebayo OT, Balogun AM and Fagbenro OA. 2000. Effects of feeding rate on growth; Body composition and economic performance of juvenile clariid catfish hybrid (female Clarias gariepinus ${\times}$ male Heterobranchus bidorsalis). J Aquaculture Trop 15, 109-117.
  2. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). 2000. Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 17th Edition. Cunniff P, ed. Association of Official Analyticial Chemists, Inc, Arlington, VA, U.S.A.
  3. Azzaydi M, Martines FJ, Zamora S, Valzquez S and Madrid JA. 2000. The influence of nocturnal vs. diurnal feeding under winter conditions on growth and feed conversion of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) Aquaculture 182, 329-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00276-8
  4. Brett JR and Higgs DA. 1970. Effects of temperature on rate of gastric digestion in fingerling sockeye salmon (Onchorhynchus nerka) in relation to temperature and ration size. J Fish Res Bd Can 26, 2363-2394.
  5. Brett, J.R., 1979. Environmental Factors and Growth. In: Hoar WS, Randall DJ and Brett JR. eds. Fish Physiology 8, Academic Press, London, 599-675.
  6. Cho SH, Lee SM, Park BH and Lee SM. 2006. Effect of feeding ratio on growth and body composition of juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus fed extruded pellets during the summer season. J Aquaculture 251, 78-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.05.041
  7. Choi YU, Lee SR and YD. 2002 Effect of water temperature and stocking density on growth of juvenile red drum Sciarnops qcellatus. J Aquaculture 15, 131-138.
  8. Choi HS, Myoung JI, Park MA. and Cho MY. 2009. A Study on the summer mortality of Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli in Korea. J Fish Pathol 22, 155-162.
  9. Choi HS, Huh MD, Lee MK Choi HJ and Park MA. 2011. Histopathological observation of liver in cultured black rock fish Sebastes schlegeli J Fish Pathol 24, 225-236 https://doi.org/10.7847/jfp.2011.24.3.225
  10. Dwyer KJ, Brown JA, Parrish C and Lall SP. 2002. Feeding frequency affects food consumption, feeding pattern and growth of juvenile yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea). Aquaculture 213, 279-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00224-7.
  11. Fange R. and Grove D. 1979. Digestion. In: Fish physiology 8: Bioenergetic and Growth. Brett JR, ed. Academic Press, New York, U.S.A., 161-260.
  12. FAO. 2012. Fishstat plus, universal software for fishery statistical time series. Food and Aquaculture Organization, United Nations, Rome. Electronic webpage.
  13. Fauconneau B, Choubert G, Blanc D, Breque J and Luquet P. 1983. Influence of environmental temperature on flow rate of foodstuffs through the gastrointestinal tract of rainbow trout. J Aquaculture 34, 27-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(83)90289-2
  14. Grayton BD and Beamish FWH, 1977. Effects of feeding frequency on food intake, growth and body composition of rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri. Aquaculture 11, 159 -172. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(77)90073-4
  15. Hastings WH. 1969. Nutritional score. In: Neuhaus OW and Halver eds. Fish in research. Academic press, New York, U.S.A. 263-292.
  16. Henken AM, Kleingeld DW and Tijssen PAT. 1985. The effect of feeding level on apparent digestibility of dietary dry metter, crude protein and gross energy in the African catfish Clarias gariepimus (Burchell 1822). Aquaculture 51, 1-11 https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(85)90235-2
  17. Hung SSO, Conte FS and Hallen EK. 1993. Effects of feeding rates on growth, body composition and nutrient metabolism in striped bass (Morone saxatilis) fingerlings. J Aquaculture 112, 349-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90395-F
  18. Kayano Y, Yao S, Yamamoto S and Nakagawa H. 1993. Effects of feeding frequency on the growth and body constituents of young red-spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara. Aquaculture 110, 271-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(93)90375-9
  19. Kim KW and Bae SC. 1999. Possible use of the dietary fish meal analogue in juvenile Korean Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli. J Kor Fish Soc 32, 149-154.
  20. Kim KM, Kim KD, Choi SM, Kim KW and Kang YJ. 2005. Optimum feeding frequency of extruded pellet for the growth of juvenile flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus during the summer season. J Aquaculture 18, 231-235.
  21. Kim KD, Kang YJ, Kim KW and Kim KM. 2007. Effects of feeding rate on growth and body composition of juvenile flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. J World Aquaculture Soc 38, 169-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2006.00086.x.
  22. Kim KW, Hwang NY, Son MH, Kim KD, Lee JH, Liu Y, Yun YH, Park GH, Kim SS, Lee KJ and Bai SC. 2011. Optimum feeding rates in juvenile olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus fed practical expanded pellet at low and high water temperature. J Aquaculture 44, 345-351.
  23. Lambert, Y and Dutil JD, 2001. Food intake and growth of adult Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) rear under different conditions of stocking density, feeding frequency and size- grading. Aquaculture 192, 233-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10499-007-9129-7.
  24. Lee JY, Kang YJ, Lee SM and Kim IB. 1993. Optimum digestible energy to protein ratio in diets for the Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. J Aquaculture 6, 29-46.
  25. Lee SM and Hur SB. 1993. Effects of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and biochemical changes in the Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli III. Changes of body compositions with starvation. J Aquaculture 6, 199-211.
  26. Lee SM and Jeon IG. 1996. Evaluation of dry pellet on growth of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) by comparing with moist pellet and raw fish based moist pellet. J Aquaculture 9, 247-254.
  27. Lee DJ and Putnam GB. 1973. The response of rainbow trout to varying protein/energy ratios in a test diet. J Nutr 10, 916-922.
  28. Lee SM, Kim SH, Jeon IG, Kim SM and Chang YJ. 1996. Effects of feeding frequency on growth, feed efficiency and body composition of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). J Aquaculture 9, 385-204.
  29. Lee SM., Seo CH and Cho YS. 1999. Growth of the juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) fed the diets at different feeding frequencies. J Kor fish Soc 32, 18-21.
  30. Lee SM, cho SH and Kim DJ. 2000a. Effects of feeding frequency and dietary energy level on growth and body composition of juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture 31, 917-921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2000.00505.x.
  31. Lee SM, Hwang and Cho SH. 2000b. Effects of feeding frequency and dietary moisture on growth, body composition and gastric evacuation of juvenile Korean rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquaculture 16, 39-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00318-5.
  32. Lee SM and Kim KD. 2001. Effects of dietary protein and energy levels on growth, protein utilization and body composition of juvenile masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou). Aquaculture 187, 399-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1355-557x.2001.00004.x.
  33. Liu FG and Liao CI. 1999. Effect of feeding regimen on the food consumption, growth and body composition in hybrid striped bass Morone saxatilis ${\times}$ M. chrysops. Fish Sci 64, 513-519.
  34. Meyer-Burgdorff KH, Osman MF, Gunther KD. 1989. Energy metabolism in Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 79, 283-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90469-9
  35. Mihelakakis A, Tsolkas C and Yoshimatsu T. 2002. Optimization of feeding rate of hatchery-produced juvenile gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. J World Aquacult Soc 22, 169-175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00491.x.
  36. Myeong JI, Pack SY, Chang YJ. 1997. Effects of water temperature and feeding rate on growth and feed efficiency of Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. J Aquaculture 10, 311-320.
  37. Ng WK, Lu KS, Hashim R and Ali A. 2000. Effects of feeding rate on growth, feed utilization and body composition of a tropical bagrid catfish. Aquacult Int 8, 19-29. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009216831360
  38. NRC (Nutrient Research Council). 1993. Nutrient requirement of fish. National academy Press, Washington DC, U.S.A.,114.
  39. Page JW and Andrews JW. 1973. Interaction of dietary Levels of protein and energy on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). J Nutr 103, 1339-1346. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/103.9.1339
  40. Pelletier D, Blier P, Dutil JD and Guderley H. 1995. How should enzyme activities be used in fish growth studies? J Exp Biol 198, 1493-1497.
  41. Riche M, Haley DI, Oetker M, Garbrecht S and Garling DL. 2004. Effect of feeding frequency on gastric evacuation and the return of appetite in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture 234, 657-673. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.12.012.
  42. Robbins KR, Norton HW and Baker DH. 1979. Estimation of nutrient requirements from growth data. J Nutr 109, 1710-1714. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/109.10.1710
  43. Seo JY, Choi KH, Choi J and Lee SM. 2005. Effects of feeding frequency of extruded diets containing different macronutrients levels on apparent nutrient digestibility in grower flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. J Aquaculture 18, 160-166.
  44. Shimeno S, Shikata T, Hosokawa H, Masumoto T and Kheyyali D. 1997. Metabolic response to feeding rates in common carp, Cyprinus carpio Aquaculture 151, 371-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01492-5
  45. Smith LS. 1989. Digestive functions in teleost fishes. In: Halver JE ed. Fish Nutrition. Academic Press, London, U.K., 332-411.
  46. Tsevis N, Klaoudatos S and Condes A. 1992. Food conversion budget in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax, fingerlings under two different feeding frequency patterns. J Aquaculture 101, 293-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90032-G
  47. Van Ham EH, Berntssen MHG, Imsland AK, Parpoura AC, Bonga SEW and Stefansson SO. 2003. The influence of temperature and ration on growth, feed conversion, body composition and nutrient retention of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Aquaculture 217, 547-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00411-8
  48. Wang N, Hayward RS and Noltie DB. 1998. Effect of feeding frequency on food consumption, growth, siz e variation, and feeding pattern of age-0 hybrid sunfish. Aquaculture 165, 261-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00266-X
  49. Weatherley AH and Gill HS. 1987. The biology of fish growth. 4. Protein, lipid and caloric contents. Academic press, London, U.K., 139-146.
  50. XiaoJin X and Ruyung S. 1992. The bioenergetics of the southern catfish (Scophthalmus maximus). J Aquaculture 217, 547-558.
  51. Zeitoun IH, Ullrey DE and Magee WT. 1976. Quantifying nutrient requirements of fish. J Fish Res Bd Can. 33, 167-172. https://doi.org/10.1139/f76-019
  52. Zoccarato IG, Benatti ML, Bianchini M, Boccignone A, Conti R, Napolitano and Palmegiano GB. 1994. Differences in performance, flesh composition and water output quality in relation to density and feeding levels in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), farming. Aquaculture 25, 639-647. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.1994.tb00728.x