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Quality Characteristics of Yakgwa Added with Ginseng Fruit, Leaf and Root

인삼열매, 잎 및 뿌리를 첨가한 약과의 품질특성

  • Lee, Ka-Soon (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Kim, Gwan-Hou (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Seong, Bong-Jae (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Ick (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Han, Seung-Ho (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Lee, Sox-Su (Geumsan Ginseng & Medicinal Crop Experiment Station, CNARES) ;
  • Song, Mi-Ran (Geumsan Agriculture Technology Center) ;
  • Lee, Gyu-Hee (Dept. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Woo-Song University)
  • 이가순 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김관후 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 성봉재 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 김선익 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 한승호 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 이석수 (충남농업기술원 금산인삼약초시험장) ;
  • 송미란 (금산군농업기술센터) ;
  • 이규희 (우송대학교 식품생물과학과)
  • Received : 2013.08.06
  • Accepted : 2013.08.26
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

In order to use the excellent features of saponin and phenolic compounds in the leaf and fruit of ginseng, ginseng fruit Yakgwa (GFY), ginseng leaf Yakgwa (GLY) and ginseng root Yakgwa (GRY) were made via adding the fruit, leaf and root powder in the process of making Yakgwa, and the properties were investigated. When making Yakgwa, GFY and GLY had superior expansion compared to GRY. 2.5-GFY (added 2.5% ginseng fruit powder) and 2.5-GLY (added 2.5% ginseng leaf powder) increased about 1.68 times and had better expansion than the control; however, when more amount of fruit and leaf were added, the expansion was decreased. The GFY and GLY showed green and red color, and the brightness and yellowness were decreased. Oil absorption during making Yakgwa showed to increase as the amount of fruit and leaf powder were increased regardless of the ginseng parts. Hardness of Yakgwa increased as the root additives were increased, and it decreased when leaf and fruit were added. The results of sensory evaluation on ginseng-based Yakgwa showed that oily taste was lowered as the amount of fruit and leaf additives were increased, which had increased the preference. On the overall preference of Yakgwa, 5.0-GFY, 2.5-GLY and 7.5-GRY was high, which contained 2.30 mg/g, 1.02 mg/g, and 0.91 mg/g of saponin, respectively.

인삼의 주된 식용부위인 뿌리 이외에 열매 및 잎에도 기능성이 우수한 사포닌 및 페놀성화합물이 많이 함유되어 있는 특성을 이용하고자 약과제조 시 첨가하여 인삼류를 이용한 약과를 제조하고 그 특성을 조사하였다. 약과제조 시 팽화도는 GFY와 GLY는 GRY에 비하여 팽화도가 우수하였고, 2.5% 첨가구인 2.5-GFY와 2.5-GLY는 약 1.68배 증가하여 대조구보다 더 팽화도가 좋았으나 그 이상의 첨가 시에는 팽화도가 떨어졌다. 색도는 GFY와 GLY는 시료의 적색과 초록색이 혼합되어 밝기 및 황색도는 감소하였다. 약과제조시 흡유율은 인삼 부위별에 관계없이 첨가량이 증가할수록 흡유량은 증가하였다. 인삼 중 뿌리를 첨가할 경우 기름함유량이 가장 낮아서 흡유율이 인삼열매나 잎보다 낮았고, GFY에서는 첨가량에 따라 기름함유량이 가장 높아 과육을 첨가함에 따라 기름 흡유량이 높았다. 약과의 hardness는 인삼뿌리 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였고 인삼열매와 잎을 첨가할 경우는 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 결과를 보였다. 인삼류를 첨가하여 제조한 약과에 대한 관능평가 결과 인삼열매와 잎의 첨가량이 증가할수록 oily taste 값이 낮아져 기호도가 상승되는 효과를 얻었으며, 인삼잎은 5% 이상 첨가 시에는 쓴맛이 너무 강하고 인삼열매는 7.5%까지 맛에 대한 기호도는 가장 좋았으나 softness가 너무 높았으며, 인삼뿌리는 7.5%를 첨가할 경우 인삼맛과 냄새가 나서 인삼약과에 대한 인식도가 강하여 전체적인 기호도로 볼 때, GFY에서는 5.0%, GLY에서는 2.5%, GRY에서는 7.5% 첨가구가 기호도가 높았으며 각각 사포닌 함량이 2.30 mg/g, 1.02 mg/g 및 0.91 mg/g을 함유하고 있었다.

Keywords

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