International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering

  • 제5권4호
  • /
  • Pages.529-545
  • /
  • 2013
  • /
  • 2092-6782(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-6790(eISSN)
대한조선학회 (The Society of Naval Architects of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Thermodynamic analysis of a combined gas turbine power plant with a solid oxide fuel cell for marine applications

  • Welaya, Yousri M.A. (Department of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering, Alexandria University) ;
  • Mosleh, M. (Department of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering, Alexandria University) ;
  • Ammar, Nader R. (Department of Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering, Alexandria University)
  • 발행 : 2013.12.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Strong restrictions on emissions from marine power plants (particularly $SO_x$, $NO_x$) will probably be adopted in the near future. In this paper, a combined solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and gas turbine fuelled by natural gas is proposed as an attractive option to limit the environmental impact of the marine sector. It includes a study of a heat-recovery system for 18 MW SOFC fuelled by natural gas, to provide the electric power demand onboard commercial vessels. Feasible heat-recovery systems are investigated, taking into account different operating conditions of the combined system. Two types of SOFC are considered, tubular and planar SOFCs, operated with either natural gas or hydrogen fuels. This paper includes a detailed thermodynamic analysis for the combined system. Mass and energy balances are performed, not only for the whole plant but also for each individual component, in order to evaluate the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle. In addition, the effect of using natural gas as a fuel on the fuel cell voltage and performance is investigated. It is found that a high overall efficiency approaching 70% may be achieved with an optimum configuration using SOFC system under pressure. The hybrid system would also reduce emissions, fuel consumption, and improve the total system efficiency.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Barclay, J.F., 2006. Fuel cells, engines and hydrogen an exergy approach. England, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  2. Barrett, S., 2010. GL sees large market for fuel cells to replace marine auxiliary power. Fuel Cells Bulletin, 2010(10), pp.3-4.
  3. Boyce, M.P., 2001. Gas Turbine Engineering Handbook. 2rd ed. Houston: Butter worth-henemann.
  4. China classification society, 2006. Rules for construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk. Beijing: China classification society.
  5. Corbett, J.J., Winebrake, J.J., Green, E.H., Kasibhatla, P., Eyring, V. and Lauer, A., 2007. Mortality from ship emissions: A global assessment. Environmental Science and Technology, 41(24), pp.8512-8518. https://doi.org/10.1021/es071686z
  6. EG&G Technical Services, 2004. Fuel cell handbook. 7rd ed. West Virginia: National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, pp.10-15.
  7. Farr, J., 2011. LNG as a Fuel for Marine Applications. Lloyd's Register. Middle East and Africa Advisory Technical Committee.
  8. Figari, M., D'Amico, M. and Gaggero, P., 2011. Evaluation of ship efficiency indexes. 14th Conference of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM), Genoa, Italy, 13-16 September 2011. pp.621-627.
  9. Gandiglio, M., Lanzini, A., Leone, P., Santarelli, M. and Borchiellini, R., 2013. Thermo-economic analysis of large solid oxide fuel cell plants: Atmospheric vs. pressurized performance, Journal of Energy, 55, pp.142-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2013.03.059
  10. George, R.A., Veyo, S.E. and Dederer, J.T., 2001. Single module pressurized fuel cell turbine generator system. US Patent (pending), WO 01/06589 A1.
  11. Ghirardo, F., Santin, M., Traverso, A. and Massardo, A., 2011. Heat recovery options for onboard fuel cell systems. Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36(13), pp.8134-8142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.111
  12. Greensmith, G., 2010. The Legislative landscape, Lloyd's Register. Middle East and Africa Advisory Technical Committee.
  13. Holland, B.J. and Zhu, J.G., 2007. Design of a500 W PEM fuel cell test system. Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW.
  14. IMO-IGC Code, 2002. International gas code for construction and equibment of ships carrying liquified gases in bulk. United Kingdom: IMO.
  15. Kumm, W.H., 1990. Marine and naval applications of fuel cells for propulsion: The Process Selection. Journal of Power Sources, 29, pp.169-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(90)80017-8
  16. Larminie, J. and Dicks, A., 2003. Fuel Cell Systems Explained. 2rd ed. England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  17. Lisbona, P.U. and Serra, J.L., 2005. High-temperature fuel cells for fresh water production. Journal of Desalination, 182, pp.471-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.03.025
  18. MAN B&W, 2010. Exhaust gas emission control today and tomorrow. Application on MAN B&W Two-stroke Marine Diesel Engines. Denmark, Copenhagen: MAN Diesel.
  19. Maroju, P., 2002. Modeling of a fuel cell. Master of Science Thesis, Texas Tech University.
  20. Raja, A.K., Srivastava, A.P. and Dwivedi, M., 2006. Power plant engineering. India: New Age International (P) Ltd.
  21. Rattenbury, N. and Fort, E., 2006. Development of requirements for fuel cells in the marine environment performance and prescription. England: Lloyd's Register Technical Papers.
  22. Santin, M., Traverso, A., Magistri, L., and Massardo, A., 2010. Thermo economic analysis of SOFC-GT hybrid systems fed by liquid fuels. Journal of Energy, 35(2), pp.1077-1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2009.06.012
  23. Siemens Westinghouse Power Company, 2001. A high efficiency PSOFC/ATS-gas turbine power system, Final Report DEAC26-9 8FT4045 5, US Department of Energy.
  24. Siemens Westinghouse Power Company, 2000. Pressurized solid oxide fuel cell gas turbine power system, Final Report DE-AC2 6-98FT403 55, America: US Department of Energy.
  25. Sjostedt, C.J. and Chen, D.J., 2005. Virtual component testing for PEM fuel cell systems: An efficient, high-quality and safe approach for suppliers and OEM´s. 3rd European PEFC Forum, Session B09, Lucerne, Switzerland, 7 July 2005. pp.1-18.
  26. Subhash, C.S. and Kevin, K., 2004. High temperature solid oxide fuel cells: fundamentals, design and applications. Oxford: Elsevier Advanced Technology.
  27. Walsh P.P. and Fletcher, P., 2004. Gas turbine performance. 2rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science. pp.250-200.
  28. Welaya, Y.M.A., El Gohary, M.M. and Ammar, N.R., 2011. A comparison between fuel cells and other alternatives for marine electric power generation. International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, 3(2), pp.141-149. https://doi.org/10.3744/JNAOE.2011.3.2.141
  29. Winkler, W., 1998. Electrolytes. In Proceedings of the 3rd European SOFC Forum, ed. P. Stevens. Switzerland. pp.525-534.
  30. Winkler,W., 1999. In Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. 6rd ed. S. C. Singhal and M. Dokiya, The Electrochemical Society Proceedings, Pennington, NJ. pp.1150-1159.