References
- Liang YZ, Xie P, Chan K. Quality control of herbal medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci.2004;812(1-2):53-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.08.041
- Mao XQ, Yu F, Wang N, Wu Y, Zou F, Wu K, et al. Hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharide enriched extract of Astragalus membranaceus in diet induced insulin resistant C57BL/6J mice and its potential mechanism. Phytomedicine. 2009;16(5):416-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2008.12.011
- Zou F, Mao XQ, Wang N, Liu J, Ou-Yang JP. Astragalus polysaccharide alleviates glucose toxicity and restores glucose homeostasis in diabetic states via activation of AMPK. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009;30(12):1607-15. https://doi.org/10.1038/aps.2009.168
-
Zhao M, Zhang ZF, Ding Y, Wang JB, Li Y. Astragalus polysaccharide improves palmitate-induced insulin resistance by inhibiting PTP1B and NF-
${\kappa}B$ in C2C12 Myotubes. Molecules. 2012;17(6):7083-92. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17067083 - Lau KM, Lai KK, Liu CL, Tam JC, To MH, Kwok HF, et al. Synergistic interaction between Astragali Radix and Rehmanniae Radix in a Chinese herbal formula to promote diabetic wound healing. J Ethnopharmacol. 2012;141(1):250-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.02.025
- Huang X, Tan H, Chen B, Deng C. [Influence of astragalosides and Panaxnotoginsengsaponins compatibility on MMP-9 and TIMP-1 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in mice]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao ZaZhi. 2010;35(16):2187-91. Chinese.
- Welihinda J, Arvidson G, Gylfe E, Hellman B, Karlsson E. The insulin-releasing activity of the tropical plant Momordica charantia. Acta Biol Med Ger.1982;41(12):1229-40.
- Garau C, Cummings E, Phoenix DA, Singh J. Beneficial effect and mechanism of action of Momordica charantia in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: a mini review. Int J Diabetes & Metabolism. 2003;11(3):46-55.
- Welihinda J, Karunanayake EH. Extra-pancreatic effects of Momordica charantia in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 1986;17(3):247-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(86)90112-1
- Welihinda J, Karunanayake EH, Sherilf MHR, Jayasinghe KS. Effects of Momordica charantia on the glucose tolerance in maturity onset diabetes. J Ethnopharmacol. 1986;17(3):277-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(86)90116-9
- Kaviarasan S, Ramamurty N, Gunasekaran P, Varalakshmi E, Anuradha CV. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract prevents ethanol-induced toxicity and apoptosis in Chang liver cells. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006;41(3):267-73. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agl020
- Madar Z, Abel R, Samish S, Arad J. Glucose-lowering effect of fenugreek in non-insulin dependent diabetics. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988;42(1):51-4.
- Bordia A, Verma SK, Srivastava KC. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) on blood lipids, blood sugar and platelet aggregation in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1997;56(5):379-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0952-3278(97)90587-1
- Sharma RD. Effect of fenugreek seeds and leaves on blood glucose and serum insulin responses in human subjects. Nutrition Research. 1986; 6(12):1353-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0271-5317(86)80020-3
- Sharma RD, Sarkar A, Hazra DK, Mishra B, Singh JB, Sharma SK, et al. Use of fenugreek seed powder in the management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Nutrition Research. 1996;16(8):1331-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0271-5317(96)00141-8
- Wang X, Morris-Natschke SL, Lee KH. New developments in the chemistry and biology of the bioactive constituents of Tanshen. Med Res Rev. 2007;27(1):133-48. https://doi.org/10.1002/med.20077
- Jung SH, Seol HJ, Jeon SJ, Son KH, Lee JR. Insulin-sensitizing activities of tanshinones, diterpene compounds of the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Phytomedicine. 2009; 16(4):327-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2008.12.017
- Liu Q, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Shen H, Chen L, Hu L, et al. Danshen extract 15, 16-dihydrotanshinone I functions as a potential modulator against metabolic syndrome through multi-target pathways. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;120(4-5):155-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.03.090
- Ma HY, Gao HY, Sun L, Huang J, Xu XM, Wu LJ. Constituents with α-glucosidase and advanced glycation end-product formation inhibitory activities from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. J Nat Med. 2011;65(1):37-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-010-0453-2
- Xiao YL, Lu FE, Xu LJ, Leng SH, Wang KF. [Protective effects of HuanglianJiedu decoction on vascular endothelial function in type 2 diabetic rats].Zhongguo Zhong Yao ZaZhi. 2005;30(22):1767-70. Chinese.
- Chen JK. Chinese medical herbology and pharmacology. Art of Medicine Press; 2004. Chapter 2, Heat-clearing herbs. 1267 p.
- Krol W, Czuba Z, Scheller S, Gabrys J, Grabiec S, Shani J. Anti-oxidant property of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) as evaluated by inhibiting the chemiluminescence oxidation of luminal. Biochem Int. 1990;21(4):593-7.
- Scheller S, Wilczok T, Imielski S, Krol W, Gabrys J, Shani J. Free radical scavenging by ethanol extract of propolis. Int J Radiat Biol. 1990;57(3):461-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553009014552601
- Velazquez C, Navarro M, Acosta A, Angulo A, Dominguez Z, Robles R, et al. Antibacterial and free-radical scavenging activities of Sonoran propolis. J Appl Microbiol. 2007;103(5):1747-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03409.x
- Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz-Navajas Y, Fernandez-Lopez J, Perez-Alvarez JA. Functional properties of honey, propolis, and royal jelly. J Food Sci. 2008;73(9):R117-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00966.x
- Ravina A, Slezak L, Mirsky N, Bryden NA, Ander- son RA. Reversal of corticosteroid-induced diabetes mellitis with supplemental chromium. Diabet Med. 1999;16(2):164-7. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1464-5491.1999.00004.x
- Ravina A, Slezak L, Mirsky N, Anderson RA, et al. Control of steroid-induced diabetes with supplemental chromium. The Journal of Trace Elements in Experimental Medicine. 1999;12(4):375-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-670X(1999)12:4<375::AID-JTRA11>3.0.CO;2-R
- Mertz W, Abernathy CO, Olin SS. Risk assessment of essential elements. Washington(DC): ILSI Press; 1994. p. 19-38.