Changes in Tomato Growth and Productivity under Different Night Air Temperatures

야간온도에 따른 토마토 생육 및 생산성 변화

  • Kang, Yun-Im (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kwon, Joon-Kuk (Protected Horticulture Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Park, Kyoung-Sub (Protected Horticulture Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Gyeong-Lee (Protected Horticulture Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Roh, Mi-Young (Director General for Planning & Coordination, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Cho, Myeong-Whan (Protected Horticulture Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Young (Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kang, Nam-Jun (Inst. of Agric. & Life Sci., Gyeongsang National University)
  • 강윤임 (국립원예특작과학원 화훼과) ;
  • 권준국 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 박경섭 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 최경이 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 노미영 (농촌진흥청 연구정책국) ;
  • 조명환 (국립원예특작과학원 시설원예시험장) ;
  • 김대영 (국립원예특작과학원 채소과) ;
  • 강남준 (경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원)
  • Received : 2012.08.21
  • Accepted : 2012.12.26
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of night temperature on the productivity, growth, and fruit characteristics of tomatoes and set the optimal night air temperature. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Superdoterang and cv. Rapito) were grown at 5, 10, 15, and $20^{\circ}C$ during night time and ventilation temperature point during day time set $27^{\circ}C$. Depending on night air temperature, plant height, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of each organ, leaf, stem, and root were changed. Condition of high night temperature resulted in promotion of tomatoes growth with high dry weight and fresh weight. However, the dry weight under night temperature $20^{\circ}C$ decreased, especially, in 'Superdoterang'. On changes of yield, 'Rapito' showed higher productivity than 'Superdoterang' and the highest productivity point for nigh temperature is $13.32^{\circ}C$ for 'Superdoterang' and $14.25^{\circ}C$ for 'Rapito'. Although the total yield decreased from the point, the daily productivity increased with increasing night temperature, the highest point for nigh temperature is $14.45^{\circ}C$ for 'Superdoterang' and $16.46^{\circ}C$ for 'Rapito'. High temperature deceased the fruit weight and increased total soluble solid content in fruits. It is concluded that the night air temperature changes productivity of tomato and the temperatures between productivity and growth velocity have differences depending on different cultivars. scores than the other beef jerky samples (p<0.05).

이 연구는 야간기온이 토마토의 생산성, 생육, 과실의 특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고 토마토의 적정 야간기온을 설정하기 위해 수행하였다. 토마토(Solanum lycopersicum Mill. cv. Superdoterang and cv. Rapito)는 야간기온 5, 10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$에서 재배되었으며 주간환기점은 $27^{\circ}C$으로 설정하였다. 야간기온에 따라 토마토의 초장, 엽면적, 생체중 건물중이 달라졌다. '슈퍼도태랑'과 '라피토' 품종 모두에서 야간온도가 높아질수록 토마토의 생체중과 건물중이 증가하였으나 '슈퍼도태랑'의 경우 $20^{\circ}C$에서는 약간 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 과실 생산성에 있어 '라피토' 품종이 '슈퍼도태랑'에 비하여 고온에서 생산성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 회귀식을 통해 추정한 결과, '슈퍼도태랑'의 경우 $13.32^{\circ}C$, '라피토'의 경우 $14.25^{\circ}C$에서 수량이 가장 높게 나타냈다. 그 이상의 온도에서 총 수량은 감소하였으나 일일생산량은 온도가 높아짐에 따라 증가하여 '슈퍼도태랑'은 $14.45^{\circ}C$, '라피토'는 $16.46^{\circ}C$에서 최고 일일생산량을 보였다. 과실 특성은 온도가 올라갈수록 과실 무게가 감소하였고 당도는 야간기온 $15^{\circ}C$에서 높게 나타났다. 이 연구 결과 야간기온은 토마토의 생산성을 좌우하는 중요한 요소이며 토마토의 생육속도 및 생산성을 좌우하는 온도 수준은 품종에 따라 다른 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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