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Characteristics in Chemical Properties of Agricultural Groundwater in Gyeongnam Province

경남지역 농업용 지하수의 수질특성

  • Lee, Seong-Tae (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Seok (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Song, Won-Doo (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Ho (Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Min-Kyeong (Division of Climate Change & Agro-Ecplogy, NAAS, RDA) ;
  • Lee, Young-Han (Gyeongsangnamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Received : 2012.08.27
  • Accepted : 2012.09.04
  • Published : 2012.10.30

Abstract

This survey was conducted to obtain basic data of the quality of groundwater for agriculture in Gyeongnam province. Groundwater samples from paddy 15, upland 15, and plastic film house 30 sites were collected on April, July, and October in every two years from 2002 to 2008. According to the result of water quality analysis, groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation purpose averagely. The $NO_3$-N contents by land use were in the order of plastic film house > upland > paddy field and its contents were 6.53, 4.80, and $3.68mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively. In annual changes of water quality, pH was no significant change in paddy, upland, and plastic film house by 6.6~6.9. EC was increased in upland and plastic film house in 2008 and majors factors were $NO_3$-N and $Cl^-$. In upland and plastic film house, $NO_3$-N contents were 4.72 and $6.52mg\;L^{-1}$ in 2002, respectively, whereas they were 5.63 and $8.70mg\;L^{-1}$ in 2008, respectively. Of the investigated sites, $NO_3$-N was exceeded water quality standards for agriculture by 3.3~15.0% in plastic film house and $Cl^-$ was exceeded water quality standards for agriculture by 2.2% in upland of 2004. The $NO_3$-N contents were decreased with well depth and their contents were $5.38mg\;L^{-1}$ from 3~10 m, $4.87mg\;L^{-1}$ from 10~20 m, and $2.58mg\;L^{-1}$ from above 30 m. The $NO_3$-N contents by soil texture were highest in sandy loam by $5.73mg\;L^{-1}$ and lowest in clay loam by $4.13mg\;L^{-1}$. The $NO_3$-N contents by crops category were in order of fruit vegetables > leaf vegetables > rice > fruits > beans, contents of fruit vegetables and leaf vegetables were 5.81 and $5.30mg\;L^{-1}$, respectively.

경남지역에서 농업용 지하수를 모니터링하여 지하수의 오염원인 및 대책 마련을 위한 기초자료를 확보하고자 2002년부터 2008년까지 2년 마다 논, 밭 및 시설재배지에서 60 지점의 시료를 년 3회 채취하였으며 지하수의 수질은 토지이용 형태별, 조사시기별, 지하수 관정 깊이별, 토성별 및 작물의 종류별로 구분하여 비교 분석하였다. 토지이용 형태별 $NO_3$-N 함량은 시설재배지>밭>논 순으로 높았으며 시설재배지, 밭 및 논 $NO_3$-N 함량은 각각 6.53, 4.80 및 $3.68mg\;L^{-1}$ 이었다. 논, 밭 및 시설재배지의 년도별 수질변화에 있어 pH는 6.6~6.9로서 변화가 거의 없었지만 EC의 경우 2008년 밭과 시설재배지에서 증가하였는데 $NO_3$-N 와 $Cl^-$이 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 2002년 밭과 시설재배지에서 $NO_3$-N 함량은 각각 4.72, $6.52mg\;L^{-1}$에서 2008년 5.63, $8.70mg\;L^{-1}$으로 증가하였다. pH와 중금속은 농업용수 수질기준에 적합하였으나 $NO_3$-N은 시설재배지에서 수질기준 초과율이 3.3~15.0% 이고 $Cl^-$는 2004년 밭에서 수질기준 초과율이 2.2% 있었다. 지하수 관정깊이별 $NO_3$-N 함량은 3~10 m 깊이에서 5.38, 10~20 m 깊이에서 4.87, 30 m 이상에서는 $2.58mg\;L^{-1}$으로 관정이 깊어 질수록 함량은 감소하였다. 토성별 $NO_3$-N 함량은 사양토에서 $5.73mg\;L^{-1}$으로 가장 높았고, 식양토에서 $4.13mg\;L^{-1}$으로 가장 낮았다. 작물 종류별 $NO_3$-N 함량은 과채류>엽채류>벼>과수>콩 순으로 높았으며, 과채류와 엽채류 재배지 함량은 각각 5.81 및 $5.30mg\;L^{-1}$ 이었다.

Keywords

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