고현천 유입지류에 대한 오염부하량의 시.공간적 평가

Temporal and Spatial Evaluation of Water Pollution Loads of the Tributaries in Gohyeon Stream Watershed

고현천 유역을 10개의 소유역으로 나누고 지류에 19개 조사지점을 정하고 풍수기(장마시기)와 갈수기로 나누어 지류의 수질오염과 오염부하량 변동 특성을 조사하였다. 수질분석결과로부터 고현천 유역은 상류지역(T1~T8)은 전원지대의 특성을 나타내었고, 하류지역(T9~T19)은 도심지대의 특성을 나타내었다. 고현천 지류의 비점오염부하량은 SS가 연간 총 2,063ton/yr, COD가 601ton/yr, DIN이 365ton/yr, DIP가 45ton/yr으로 산정되었고, DIP를 제외하고 약 60%가 풍수기 때 발생하여 비점오염원의 유출에는 강우의 영향이 매우 컸다. 한편 DIP 비점오염부하량은 평수기와 갈수기를 합쳐서 약 60%가 나타나 이 기간 동안 인 오염원의 관리가 중요함을 나타내었다. Pearson 상관관계 분석을 통하여 상류지역과 하류지역의 SS 발생원에 분명한 차이를 나타냈으며, 상류지역은 장마시 농경지와 임야지대로부터 부유토사의 유출에 의하여 주로 오염부하가 발생하고 하류지역은 생활하수와 도심유출수(municipal run-off)에 의하여 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

The watershed of Gohyeon Stream was divided into the 10 sub-basins, and 19 sampling points were selected in their tributaries, which the characteristics of the water quality and pollution loads variance were investigated for during the rainy and dry seasons. The results of water quality analysis revealed that the upper watershed(T1~T8) of Gohyeon Stream had a feature of rural area, and its lower watershed(T9~T19) had a feature of the municipal area. The non-point pollution loads of the tributaries were estimated with 2,063, 601, 365, and 45 ton/yr of SS, COD, DIN, and DIP, respectively. The pollution loads of the parameters except DIP were generated about 60% during the rainy season, which suggested that a precipitation significantly influenced on the discharge of non-point source pollution. Meanwhile, the non-point pollution load of DIP was generated about 60% during the ordinary and dry seasons, which suggested that control of a phosphorus pollution source was significantly required during these seasons. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that SS pollution source of the upper watershed was definitely different from that of the lower watershed, that is, the pollution load from the upper watershed was mainly caused by the discharge of SS due to soil erosion in the farmland and forest land during the rainy season, and that of the lower watershed by the discharge of sewage and municipal run-off.