Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society (한국지반공학회논문집)

Korean Geotechnical Society (한국지반공학회)
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Liquefaction-Induced Uplift of Geotechnical Buried Structures: Centrifuge Modeling and Seismic Performance-Based Design

지반 액상화에 의한 지중 매설구조물의 부상: 원심모형시험 및 내진성능설계

  • Kang, Gi-Chun (Dept. of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engrg., Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology) ;
  • Iai, Susumu (Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto Univ.)
  • Received : 2011.07.01
  • Accepted : 2012.10.12
  • Published : 2012.10.28
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Abstract

Geotechnical buried structures with relatively light weight have been suffering from uplift damage due to liquefaction in the past earthquakes. The factor of safety approach by Koseki et al. (1997a), which is widely used in seismic design, predicts the triggering of uplift. However, a method for "quantitative" estimates of the uplift displacement has yet to be established. Estimation of the uplift displacement may be an important factor to be considered for designing underground structures under the framework of performance-based design (ISO23469, 2005). Therefore, evaluation of the uplift displacement of buried structure in liquefied ground during earthquakes is needed for a performance-based design as a practical application. In order to predict the uplift displacement quantitatively, a simplified method is derived based on the equilibrium of vertical forces acting on buried structures in backfill during earthquakes (Tobita et al., 2012). The method is verified through comparisons with results of centrifuge model tests and damaged sewerage systems after the 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu, Japan, earthquake. The proposed flow diagram for performance-based design includes estimation of the uplift displacement as well as liquefaction limit of backfill.

지진에 의해 지반의 액상화가 발생하면 상대적으로 가벼운 지중 매설구조물은 부상하는 현상이 발생하며 이러한 피해는 과거 여러 지진에서 계속해서 보고되고 있다. Koseki et al.(1997a)에 의해 제안된 안전율은 액상화 지반에서 매설구조물의 부상 유무를 판단할 수 있으며 현재 내진설계에 이용되고 있지만 부상량의 "정량적인" 예측은 불가능하며 아직 확립되지 않았다. 지중 매설구조물의 부상량의 예측은 구조물의 성능성과 관련 있는 내진성능설계에 있어서 중요한 요소가 된다(ISO23469, 2005). 따라서 지중 매설구조물에 대한 내진성능평가를 위해 실용적인 부상량의 평가가 필요하다. 지중 매설구조물의 부상량을 예측하기 위한 방법으로 구조물에 작용하는 수직방향 힘의 평형을 바탕으로 간이법이 정식화 되었고(Tobita et al., 2012), 간이법의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 원심모형시험 결과 및 2004년 니가타켄츄에츠 지진시의 매설구조물 피해와 비교하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 내진성능설계 흐름도는 뒷채움의 액상화 판정뿐만 아니라, 지중 매설구조물의 부상량 예측도 가능하다.

Keywords

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