Daphnia magna의 배양배지로서 국내 자연수의 적절성 평가

Suitability Assessment of Domestic Natural Waters as a Culture Medium for Daphnia magna

  • 염동혁 (안전성평가연구소 경남환경독성본부 환경규제대응센터) ;
  • 전찬식 (안전성평가연구소 경남환경독성본부 환경규제대응센터)
  • Yeom, Dong-Hyuk (Global Environmental Regulation Compliance, Gyeongnam Environmental Toxicology Department, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Jeon, Chan-Sig (Global Environmental Regulation Compliance, Gyeongnam Environmental Toxicology Department, Korea Institute of Toxicology)
  • 투고 : 2012.02.15
  • 심사 : 2012.07.17
  • 발행 : 2012.09.30

초록

본 연구에서는 D. magna의 배양배지로서의 국내 자연수의 적절성을 평가하기 위하여, Elendt M4 배지에서 생산된 태어난 지 24시간 미만 된 어린 D. magna를 Elendt M4 배지, 탈염소 수도수 및 먹는 샘물에 21일 동안 노출시켜 생존율 및 번식능력을 평가하였다. 대조배지인 Elendt M4 배지와 먹는 샘물에서 배양한 D. magna는 어미의 생존율, 첫 배를 생산하는 시기, 생존한 어미 당 생산된 총 어린 물벼룩 평균수, 생존한 어미 당 생산된 죽은 어린 물벼룩 평균수는 2회의 번식시험 모두에서 Jonczyk과 Gilron (2005) 및 OECD No. 211, Daphnia magna Reproduction Test 지침서(OECD, 2008)의 기준을 벗어나지 않았다. 그러나 탈염소 수도수에서 배양을 한 경우에는 2번의 번식시험 모두 어미의 사망률이 20% 이상으로, 배양 13일, 15일, 18일에 사망된 개체가 관찰되었다. D. magna는 경도가 80 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이상인 물에서 사용을 추천하고 있으나, 본 연구에서 사용된 탈염소 수도수의 경도는 50~53 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이었다. 탈염소 수도수에서 나타난 지연된 사망률은 배양배지의 급격한 경도 차이에 의한 영향으로 판단된다. 그러므로 국내의 자연수(지하수, 표면수, 탈염소 수도수 등)를 사용하여 D. magna를 배양할 경우, 배양배지의 경도를 100 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이상 강화시켜 사용하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 궁극적으로는 국내에 서식하는 토착 물벼룩류를 대상으로 국내 수 환경에 적합한 시험생물을 개발하는 국가적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

The present study was conducted to assess the suitability of domestic natural waters as a Daphnia magna culture medium. In order to assess survival rate and reproductive output, young female daphnids (parent animals), aged less than 24 hours at the start of the test and produced in the Elendt M4 medium, were exposed to Elendt M4 medium, de-chlorinated tap water, and natural mineral water for 21 days. D. magna cultured in Elendt M4 medium (reference medium) and natural mineral water met the criteria of OECD No. 211, Daphnia magna Reproduction Test Guidelines in terms of percent adult survival, first day of reproduction, and average young production. However, the mortalities of adult daphnids observed in de-chlorinated tap water were more than 20% in two reproduction tests for 21 days. Mortality was observed on exposure days 13, 15, and 18 in de-chlorinated water. The use of D. magna is recommended in water of hardness >80 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$. However, the hardness of de-chlorinated tap water used in the present study was 50~53 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$. Therefore, it is judged that the delayed mortalities observed in de-chlorinated tap water were caused by a rapid decreased in hardness when the medium was changed from Elendt M4 to de-chlorinated tap water. When D. magna is cultured using domestic natural waters (underground water, surface water, and de-chlorinated water), the quality-control (QC) data should be maintained through a standardization for health assessment method, toxicity test method using reference chemical, test intervals of reference toxicant toxicity test, and data treatment and interpretation. In the long term, national research programs are needed for the development of test species which are representative of domestic aquatic environmental conditions among indigenous daphnids.

키워드

참고문헌

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