Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics

The Korean Pediatric Society (대한소아청소년과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Sensitization rates of airborne pollen and mold in children

  • Park, So-Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lim, Dae-Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Son, Byong-Kwan (Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jeong-Hee (Department of Pediatrics, Inha University School of Medicine) ;
  • Song, Young-Eun (Environmental Health Center, Inha University Hospital) ;
  • Oh, In-Bo (Environmental Health Center, Ulsan University Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yang-Ho (Environmental Health Center, Ulsan University Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Keun-Hwa (Environmental Health Center, Jeju National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Su-Young (Environmental Health Center, Jeju National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Hong, Sung-Chul (Environmental Health Center, Jeju National University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2011.11.10
  • Accepted : 2012.05.09
  • Published : 2012.09.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: Aeroallergens are important causative factors of allergic diseases. Previous studies on aeroallergen sensitization rates investigated patients groups that had visited pediatric allergy clinics. In contrast, we investigated sensitization rates in a general population group of elementary school to teenage students in Incheon, Jeju, and Ulsan. Methods: After obtaining parental consent, skin-prick tests were performed on 5,094 students between March and June 2010. Elementary school students were tested for 18 common aeroallergens, whereas middle and high school students were tested for 25 allergens. The 25 allergens included Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, pollen (birch, alder, oak, Japanese cedar, pine, willow, elm, maple, Bermuda grass, timothy grass, rye grass, orchard grass, meadow grass, vernal grass, mugwort, Japanese hop, fat hen, ragweed, and plantain), and mold (Penicillatum, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Alternaria). Results: The sensitization rates in descending order were 25.79% (D. pteronyssinus ), 18.66% (D. farinae ), 6.20% (mugwort), and 4.07% (willow) in Incheon; 33.35% (D. pteronyssinus ), 24.78% (D. farinae), 15.36% (Japanese cedar), and 7.33% (Alternaria) in Jeju; and 32.79% (D. pteronyssinus), 30.27% (D. farinae), 10.13% (alder), and 8.68% (birch) in Ulsan. The dust mite allergen showed the highest sensitization rate among the 3 regions. The sensitization rate of tree pollen was the highest in Ulsan, whereas that of Alternaria was the highest in Jeju. The ragweed sensitization rates were 0.99% in Incheon, 1.07% in Jeju, and 0.81% in Ulsan. Conclusion: The differences in sensitization rates were because of different regional environmental conditions and distinct surrounding biological species. Hence, subsequent nationwide studies are required.

Keywords

References

  1. Hong CE. Textbook of pediatrics. 9th ed. Seoul: Korea Textbook Publishing Co., 2008:1105-6.
  2. Beasley R, Crane J, Lai CK, Pearce N. Prevalence and etiology of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;105(2 Pt 2):S466-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-6749(00)90044-7
  3. Hong SJ, Ahn KM, Lee SY, Kim KE. The prevalences of asthma and allergic diseases in Korean children. Korean J Pediatr 2008;51:343-50. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2008.51.4.343
  4. Hong SJ. Korean ISAAC Study Group of Korean Association of Allergy and Respiratory Disease: Report of Korean ISAAC epidemiologic study for asthma and allergic diseases in children. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2007;17(Suppl 1):55-66.
  5. Lee SI, Shin MH, Lee HB, Lee JS, Son BK, Koh YY, et al. Prevalences of symptoms of asthma and other allergic diseases in Korean children: a nationwide questionnaire survey. J Korean Med Sci 2001;16:155-64. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2001.16.2.155
  6. Seo HS, Park YO, Chen MF, Lee YC. Results of skin test, IgE in pediatric patients with respiratory allergies in Incheon and Kyung Ki area. Allergy 1988;8:271-8.
  7. Kim WY, Yeo MH, Lim BH, Kang IJ. Relationship between skin test and eosinophil count total IgE & RAST in children with allergic symptoms. J Korean Pediatr Soc 1990;33:1244-54.
  8. Ahn YM, Choi EY. The result of skin prick tests with 9 common aeroallergen in Korea and RAST reactivity to D. farinae in a community school children. Allergy 1990;10:213-25.
  9. Kim HJ, Choi YJ, Jeon GR, Lee KS, Lee SY. A study on the animal epithelium as a causative allergen in children with asthma and rhinitis. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2002;12:192-200.
  10. Lee KY, Kim KE. A study on the method of exclusion of unnecessary allergens from the vaccines for immunotherapy. Allergy 1988;8:150-64.
  11. Lee SY, Park JS, Lee KS, Hong CH. Pollen allergy in children (ll): the significance of tree pollen as a causative allergen in children with allergic diseases. J Korean Pediatr Soc 1998;41:799-807.
  12. Oh JW, Kang IJ, Kim SW, Kook MH, Kim BS, Cheong JT, et al. The association between the concentration of pollen and outbreak of pollinosis in childhood. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2009;19:4-11.
  13. Oh JW, Lee HB, Lee HR, Pyun BY, Ahn YM, Kim KE, et al. Aerobiological study of pollen and mold in Seoul, Korea. Allergol Int 1998;47:263-70. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1592.1998.00102.x
  14. Oh JW, Lee HR, Kim JS, Lee KI, Kang YJ, Kim SW, et al. Aerobiological study of pollen and mold in the 10 states of Korea. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2000;10:22-33.
  15. Oh JW, Kang IJ, Kim SW, Kook MH, Kim BS, Shin KS, et al. The correlation between increased sensitization rate to weeds in children and the annual increase in weed pollen in Korea. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2006; 16:114-21.
  16. Solomon WR, Burge HA, Muilenberg ML. Allergen carriage by atmospheric aerosol. I. Ragweed pollen determinants in smaller micronic fractions. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1983;72(5 Pt 1):443-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(83)90579-1
  17. Jeon BH, Lee J, Kim JH, Kim JW, Lee HS, Lee KH. Atopy and sensitization rates to aeroallergens in children and teenagers in Jeju, Korea. Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;30:14-20.
  18. Beggs PJ. Impacts of climate change on aeroallergens: past and future. Clin Exp Allergy 2004;34:1507-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02061.x
  19. Oh JW. Characteristics and distribution of airborne pollen and mold. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 1998;8:1-15.
  20. Shin JH. Fungus and allergy. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 1999;9:13-23.
  21. Yong TS, Jeong KY. Review on ecology of house dust mites in korea and suggestion of a standard survey method. Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2011; 21:4-16. https://doi.org/10.7581/pard.2011.21.1.4
  22. Ree HI, Jeon SH, Lee IY, Hong CS, Lee DK. Fauna and geographical distribution of house dust mites in Korea. Korean J Parasitol 1997;35:9-17. https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1997.35.1.9
  23. Kim J, Hahm MI, Lee SY, Kim WK, Chae Y, Park YM, et al. Sensitization to aeroallergens in Korean children: a population-based study in 2010. J Korean Med Sci 2011;26:1165-72. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2011.26.9.1165

Cited by

  1. Sensitization rates to inhalant allergens in children and adolescents of Incheon and Asan area and the relationship between polysensitization and prevalence of allergic diseases vol.1, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2013.1.1.41
  2. Epidemiology of allergic rhinitis in Korean children vol.1, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2013.1.4.321
  3. Sensitization rates of causative allergens for dogs with atopic dermatitis: detection of canine allergen-specific IgE vol.15, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2014.15.4.545
  4. Identification of IgE binding components of two major weed pollens, ragweed and mugwort vol.2, pp.5, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.5.337
  5. Changes of aeroallergen sensitization in children with asthma or allergic rhinitis from a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul over 10 years vol.2, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.2.97
  6. Sensitization patterns to common allergens in Korean children younger than 6 years of age presenting with typical symptoms or signs of allergic diseases: a single center study vol.2, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.4.272
  7. Prevalence and allergens of allergic rhinitis in children and adolescents in Gwangju vol.3, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2015.3.1.54
  8. Clinical features of allergic rhinitis in Korean children vol.3, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2015.3.2.116
  9. 2008년, 2013년 제주지역 소아청소년의 알레르기질환 유병률 추세에 대한 횡단면적 역학연구 vol.26, pp.2, 2012, https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.2.160
  10. Prevalence and Allergen of Allergic Rhinitis in Korean Children vol.30, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2013.27.4317
  11. Association between Outdoor Fungal Concentrations during Winter and Pulmonary Function in Children with and without Asthma vol.13, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13050452
  12. Association Between Sensitization to Mold and Impaired Pulmonary Function in Children With Asthma vol.9, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2017.9.6.509
  13. Recent changing pattern of aeroallergen sensitization in children with allergic diseases: A single center study vol.7, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2019.7.4.186
  14. Clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis in Korean children vol.8, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2020.8.1.20
  15. Biochemical Characteristics and Allergenic Activity of Common Fungus Allergens vol.21, pp.2, 2020, https://doi.org/10.2174/1389203720666190712121243
  16. Comparison of allergens and symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis between 1990s and 2010s vol.16, pp.1, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-020-00455-9
  17. 울산지역 초등학교 학생에서 대기중 꽃가루 비산 수준과 흡입 알레르겐 감작률과의 관련성 vol.46, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.5668/jehs.2020.46.6.735