The Effect of Left Subclavian Artery Coverage During Endovascular Repair of the Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm on Cerebral Hemodynamics: Two Cases of Flow Measurement by using 2D Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging

흉부대동맥류의 혈관내치료 도중 좌측 쇄골하동맥 폐색이 뇌혈류역동에 미치는 효과: 2차원 위상차 대조 자기공명영상을 이용한 혈류 측정 2례 보고

  • Baek, Seung-Hoon (Vascular and Aging Research Group, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Youn, Sung-Won (Vascular and Aging Research Group, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Kyun (Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Kwon, Oh-Choon (Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Sub (Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Min (Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine)
  • 백승훈 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 혈관과 노화 연구회) ;
  • 윤성원 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 혈관과 노화 연구회) ;
  • 김호균 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 영상의학과) ;
  • 권오춘 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과) ;
  • 이섭 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과) ;
  • 이종민 (경북대학교 의과대학 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2012.06.07
  • Accepted : 2012.08.28
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

The proximity of thoracic aortic aneurysm to the left subclavian artery (LSA) has made the coverage of LSA during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) be essential. Despite controversy concerning the safety of LSA coverage and the indications for LSA revascularizations, the cerebral hemodynamic change after LSA coverage has not been demonstrated. We prospectively examined two patients who would undergo TEVAR with LSA coverage by using 2D cine phase contrast MR imaging. After LSA coverage, the left subclavian steal was properly compensated by the increased flow volumes of both carotid arteries and right vertebral artery, which is the major collateral supply. The total brain supply after TEVAR did not lessen, which showed good correlation with uneventful clinical outcome. Therefore, 2D phase contrast MR imaging can be recommended as a useful technique to evaluate the hemodynamic change of the LSA coverage during TEVAR and to triage the candidate for LSA revascularization.

흉부대동맥류는 좌측 쇄골하동맥에 가까이 위치해 있어서 흉부대동맥내치료를 시행할 때 좌측 쇄골하동맥의 폐색이 불가피한 경우가 많다. 좌측 쇄골하동맥 폐색의 안전성과 좌측 쇄골하동맥 재생술의 필요성에 대해 논란이 계속되고 있음에도 불구하고, 좌측 쇄골하동맥의 폐색후 뇌혈류역학적인 변화에 대한 기존의 체계적인 연구는 없었다. 저자들은 좌측 쇄골하동맥폐색을 동반한 흉부대동맥내치료의 대상이 되는 2명의 환자에서 치료 전후의 2차원 위상차 대조 자기공명영상을 시행하였다. 좌측 쇄골하동맥의 폐색 후 좌측 쇄골하도주가 발생하였으며, 이로 인한 뇌혈류의 소실을 양측 경동맥과 주된 부행혈류인 오른쪽 추골동맥이 적절하게 보상하였다. 전체 뇌혈류는 감소하지 않았으며 이는 임상적으로 뇌졸증이나 척수마비의 증상이 나타나지 않은 것과 잘 일치하였다. 2차원 위상차 대조 자기공명영상은 좌측 쇄골하동맥 폐색을 동반한 흉부대동맥내치료의 뇌혈류역학적인 평가와 좌측 쇄골하동맥 재생술이 필요한 환자의 선별에 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Dake MD, Miller DC, Semba CP, Mitchell RS, Walker PJ, Liddell RP. Transluminal placement of endovascular stent-grafts for the treatment of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms. N Engl J Med 1994;331:1729-1734
  2. Peterson BG, Eskandari MK, Gleason TG, Morasch MD. Utility of left subclavian artery revascularization in association with endoluminal repair of acute and chronic thoracic aortic pathology. J Vasc Surg 2006;43:433-439
  3. Riesenman PJ, Farber MA, Mendes RR, Marston WA, Fulton JJ, Keagy BA. Coverage of the left subclavian artery during thoracic endovascular aortic repair. J Vasc Surg 2007;45:90-94
  4. Woo EY, Carpenter JP, Jackson BM, et al. Left subclavian artery coverage during thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a single-center experience. J Vasc Surg 2008;48:555-560
  5. Cooper DG, Walsh SR, Sadat U, Noorani A, Hayes PD, Boyle JR. Neurological complications after left subclavian artery coverage during thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Vasc Surg 2009;49:1594-1601
  6. Buth J, Harris PL, Hobo R, et al. Neurologic complications associated with endovascular repair of thoracic aortic pathology: incidence and risk factors. a study from the European Collaborators on Stent/Graft Techniques for Aortic Aneurysm Repair (EUROSTAR) registry. J Vasc Surg 2007;46:1103-1110
  7. Akin K, Kosehan D, Kirbas I, Yildirim M, Koktener. Diagnosis and percutaneous treatment of partial subclavian steal: Doppler ultrasonography and phase contrast magnetic resonance angiography findings and a brief review of the literature. Jpn J Radiol 2011;29:207-211
  8. Langer DJ, Lefton DR, Ostergren L, et al. Hemispheric revascularization in the setting of carotid occlusion and subclavian steal: a diagnostic and management role for quantitative magnetic resonance angiography? Neurosurgery 2006;58:528-533
  9. Tay KY, U-King-Im JM, Trivedi RA, et al. Imaging the vertebral artery. Eur Radiol 2005;15:1329-1343
  10. Youn SW, Yu SW, Lee NJ, Kim JH. Neurological picture. Acute middle cerebral artery stroke and an innominate steal from a ruptured brachiocephalic trunk atheroma. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009;80:492-493