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Freeze Risk Assessment for Three Major Peach Growing Areas under the Future Climate Projected by RCP8.5 Emission Scenario

신 기후변화시나리오 RCP 8.5에 근거한 복숭아 주산지 세 곳의 동해위험도 평가

  • Kim, Soo-Ock (National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Jun (National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Hee (National Center for Agro-Meteorology, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yun, Jin-I. (Department of Ecological Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
  • Received : 2012.08.28
  • Accepted : 2012.09.24
  • Published : 2012.09.30

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate a possible change in freeze risk for 'Changhowon Hwangdo' peach buds in three major peach growing areas under the future climate projected by RCP8.5 emission scenario. Mean values of the monthly temperature data for the present decade (2000s) and the future decades (2020s, 2050s, 2080s) were extracted for farm lands in Icheon, Chungju, and Yeongcheon-Gyeongsan region at 1km resolution and 30 sets of daily temperature data were generated randomly by a stochastic process for each decade. The daily data were used to calculate a thermal time-based dormancy depth index which is closely related to the cold tolerance of peach buds. Combined with daily minimum temperature, dormancy depth can be used to estimate the potential risk of freezing damage on peach buds. When the freeze risk was calculated daily for the winter period (from 1 November to 15 March) in the present decade, Icheon and Chungju regions had high values across the whole period, but Yeongcheon-Gyeongsan regions had low values from mid-December to the end of January. In the future decades, the frequency of freezing damage would be reduced in all 3 regions and the reduction rate could be as high as 75 to 90% by 2080's. However, the severe class risk (over 80% damage) will not disappear in the future and most occurrences will be limited to December to early January according to the calculation. This phenomenon might be explained by shortened cold hardiness period caused by winter warming as well as sudden cold waves resulting from the higher inter-annual climate variability projected by the RCP8.5 scenario.

본 연구에서는 '장호원황도' 복숭아의 휴면아 동해위험지수를 이용하여 새로운 기후변화 시나리오(RCP8.5) 조건에서 복숭아 주산지 3곳의 동해위험 변화를 전망하였다. 경기 이천시 주변(A)과 충북 충주시 일대(B), 경북 영천과 경산시 지역(C) 등 3곳의 복숭아 주산지에 대해 1km 격자의 월별 미래 수치기후도로부터 농경지에 해당하는 격자점의 공간평균값을 추출하고, 이로부터 확률추정기법에 의해 10년 간격으로 30세트씩 일별 기상자료를 생성하였다. 이들 기온자료를 동해위험도 예측모형에 입력하여 2000년대, 2020년대, 2050년대 및 2080년대의 월동기간(11월 1일~3월 15일) 일별 휴면심도 및 동해위험도를 계산하였다. 계산결과에 따르면 현재(2000년대)의 경우 A와 B지역은 월동기간 내내 동해위험도가 높지만 C지역은 12월 중순에서 1월까지는 상대적으로 위험도가 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 미래로 갈수록 3개 주산지 모두에서 동해 발생빈도가 줄어들어 2080년대에 이르러서는 현재에 비해 1/4~1/10에 불과할 것으로 예상되었다. 반면 위험도가 80% 이상으로 '심각한' 수준의 동해는 사라지지 않고 미래에도 발생할 것으로 예상되었으며, 발생시기는 전 기간에 걸쳐 발생하는 현재에 비해 미래에는 12월~1월 초순으로 제한될 것으로 전망되었다. 이러한 전망에 대한 가장 유력한 근거는 생리적 내동성 유지기간(최대 휴면심도 지속시간)의 단축이므로 전반적인 온난화 추세에도 불구하고 기후 연차변이 증폭이 예상되는 미래에는 극한기후로 인한 심각한 동해위험이 복숭아 주산지 3곳에서 여전히 높을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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