Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society (전기화학회지)

The Korean Electrochemical Society (한국전기화학회)
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High-Yield Gas-Phase Laser Photolysis Synthesis of Germanium Nanocrystals for High-Performance Lithium Ion Batteries

고성능 리튬이온 전지를 위한 저마늄 나노입자의 가스상 레이저 광분해 대량 합성법 개발

  • 김창현 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 임형순 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 조용재 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 정찬수 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 장동명 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 명윤 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 김한성 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 백승혁 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 임영록 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 박정희 (고려대학교 소재화학과) ;
  • 송민섭 (한국과학기술연구원 이차전지연구센터) ;
  • 조원일 (한국과학기술연구원 이차전지연구센터) ;
  • 차은희 (호서대학교 그린에너지 공학과 대학원)
  • Received : 2012.08.19
  • Accepted : 2012.08.30
  • Published : 2012.08.31
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Abstract

We developed a new high-yield synthesis method of free-standing germanium nanocrystals (Ge NCs) by means of the gas-phase photolysis of tetramethyl germanium in a closed reactor using an Nd-YAG pulsed laser. Size control (5-100 nm) can be simply achieved using a quenching gas. The $Ge_{1-x}Si_x$ NCs were synthesized by the photolysis of a tetramethyl silicon gas mixture and their composition was controlled by the partial pressure of precursors. The as-grown NCs are sheathed with thin (1-2 nm) carbon layers, and well dispersed to form a stable colloidal solution. Both Ge NC and Ge-RGO hybrids exhibit excellent cycling performance and high capacity of the lithium ion battery (800 and 1100 mAh/g after 50 cycles, respectively) as promising anode materials for the development of high-performance lithium batteries. This novel synthesis method of Ge NCs is expected to contribute to expand their applications in high-performance energy conversion systems.

ND-YAG 펄스 레이저를 사용하여 밀폐 반응기에서 가스상 $Ge(CH_3)_4$ (tetramethyl germanium, TMG)을 광분해하여 Ge (germanium) 나노입자를 합성하는 새로운 합성법을 개발하였다. 나노입자의 크기는 간단히 충돌이완가스를 사용하여 5-100 nm로 조절할 수 있었다. $Ge_{1-x}Si_x$ 합금 나노입자는 TMG와 $Si(CH_3)_4$ (tetramethyl silicon, TMS) 혼합가스를 광분해하여 합성하였으며, 이때 반응기 안의 가스 혼합비율에 따라 나노입자의 조성을 조절할 수 있었다. 합성된 나노입자는 얇은 탄소층(1-2 nm) 에 싸여있고, 안정한 콜로이드 용액형태로 잘 분산되어 있다. 합성된 Ge 나노입자와 Ge-RGO (reduced graphene oxide) 하이브리드 구조체 모두 리튬이온전지 특성이 50 사이클 이후 각각 800, 1,100 mAh/g의 높은 방전용량을 갖는 것을 확인하였고, 이 방법은 이전의 Ge 나노입자 합성법과 비교하여 높은 수득률, 우수한 재현성, 성분조절의 용이 하므로, 고성능 리튬 전지의 개발을 위한 음극소재로 기대된다. 이와 같은 Ge 나노입자의 새로운 대량 합성법은 고성능 에너지 변환 소재 실용화에 기여할 것으로 예상된다.

Keywords

References

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