Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

대한소아청소년정신의학회 (Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

소아청소년 집단에서 집단 따돌림의 유병률과 이와 관련된 정신병리 현상

Prevalence of School Bullying and Related Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

  • 권순재 (전북대학교 의학전문대학원 전북대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 박태원 (전북대학교 의학전문대학원 전북대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 박선희 (전라북도교육청) ;
  • 양종철 (전북대학교 의학전문대학원 전북대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 정영철 (전북대학교 의학전문대학원 전북대학교병원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 정상근 (전북대학교 의학전문대학원 전북대학교병원 정신건강의학교실)
  • Kwon, Soon-Jae (Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Park, Tae-Won (Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Park, Seon-Hee (Life-long & Physical Education Department, Jeollabukdo Office of Education) ;
  • Yang, Jong-Chul (Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Chung, Young-Chul (Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Chung, Sang-Keun (Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital)
  • 투고 : 2012.06.09
  • 심사 : 2012.08.16
  • 발행 : 2012.09.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Objectives : This study examined the current prevalence rate of school bullying and its related psychopathology. Methods : A total of 3,550 elementary/middle school students and their parents were recruited for this study. A self-report questionnaire on perpetration and victimization in school bullying was used for collection of data regarding prevalence and the present state of school bullying. For evaluation of associated psychopathology, self report forms, including the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Rating Scale (ARS), Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), Korean-Youth Self Report (K-YSR), and the Korean Eppendorf Schizophrenia Inventory (K-ESI) were applied. Samples were classified according to four subtype groups (control, victim, perpetrator, and victim-perpetrator) and characteristics of each group were compared. Results : Overall, the prevalence rate for bullying perpetration was 64.4% and the prevalence rate for bullying victimization was 63.4%, indicating involvement of more than half of students in school bullying. Bully-victims reported high social immaturity and depressive and suicidal tendency, whereas bully-perpetrators reported less social immaturity and more externalizing problems. Among the subtype groups, the victim-perpetrator group showed the most prominent depressive/anxiety tendency and behavioral problems. Conclusions : Both victimization and perpetration of bullying are common problems for child and adolescent groups and several psycho-social problems were found to be related. The results of this study will guide direction of future study and development of strategies for prevention of bullying.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Dawkins J. Bullying in schools: doctors' responsibilities. BMJ 1995; 310:274-275. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6975.274
  2. Reid K. Retrospection and persistent school absenteeism. Educ Res 1983;25:110-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013188830250204
  3. Kaltiala-Heino R, Rimpela M, Marttunen M, Rimpela A, Rantanen P. Bullying, depression, and suicidal ideation in Finnish adolescents: school survey. BMJ 1999;319:348-351. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7206.348
  4. Berger KS. Update on bullying at school: science forgotten? Dev Rev 2007;27:90-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2006.08.002
  5. Eslea M, Rees J. At what age are children most likely to be bullied at school? Aggress Behav 2001;27:419-429. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.1027
  6. Choi ES. A study of psychological factors associated with bullying. Seoul: Sogang Univ.;2000.
  7. Lee KS. The Relationship between Group bullying and Self-Concept and Impulsivity. Daejeon: Deajeon Univ.;2006.
  8. Kovacs M, Beck AT. An empirical clinical approach toward a definition of childhood depression. In: Schulterbrant JG, Raskin A, editors. Depression in Childhood: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Conceptual Models. New York: Raven Press;1977.
  9. Cho SC, Lee YS. Development of the Korean form of the Kovac's children's depression inventory. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 1990;29:943-955.
  10. Speilberger CD. Preliminary manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologist Press; 1973.
  11. Choi JS, Cho SC. Assessment of anxiety in children: reliability and validity of Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 1990;29:691-702.
  12. DuPaul GJ. Parent and teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms: psychometric properties in a community-based sample. J Clin Child Psychol 1991;20:245-253. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15374424jccp2003_3
  13. Kim YS, So YK, Noh JS, Choi NK, Kim SJ, Koh YJ. Normative data on the Korean ADHD Rating Scales (K-ARS) for parents and teacher. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2003;42:352-359.
  14. So YK, Noh JS, Kim YS, Ko SG, Koh YJ. The reliability and validity of Korean parent and teacher ADHD Rating Scale. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2002;41:281-289.
  15. Achenbach TM. Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry;1991.
  16. Oh K, Lee H, Hong K, Ha E. K-CBCL child and adolescent behavior checklist manual. Seoul: Chung Ang Aptitude Pressing;1997.
  17. Achenbach TM. Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 Profile. Burlington: University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry; 1991.
  18. Oh KJ, Ha EH, Lee HR, Hong KE. K-YSR, Korean youth self report. Seoul: Chung Ang Aptitude pressing;2001.
  19. Mass R. Characteristic subjective experiences of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2000;26:921-931. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033506
  20. Mass R, Haasen C, Borgart EJ. Abnormal subjective experiences of schizophrenia: evaluation of the Eppendorf Schizophrenia Inventory. Psychiatry Res 2005;135:91-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2004.08.011
  21. Chung YC, Kang NI, Im YJ, Kim SW, Cho IH, Lee YM, et al. Validation of the Korean version of the Eppendorf Schizophrenia Inventory as a screening measure to detect adolescents at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2012. [Epub ahead of print]
  22. Whitney I, Smith PK. A survey of the nature and extent of bullying in junior/middle and secondary schools. Educ Res 1993;35:3-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013188930350101
  23. Kim YS, Koh YJ, Noh JS, Park MS, Sohn SH, Suh DH, et al. School Bullying and Related Psychopathology in Elementary School Students. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2001;40:876-884.
  24. Taki M. Japanese School Bullying: Ijime a survey analysis and intervention program in school. Proceedings of the Understanding and Preventing Bullying: An International Perspective; Oct 19; Canada: Queen's University;2001.
  25. Wong DS. School bullying and tackling strategies in Hong Kong.Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2004;48:537-553. https://doi.org/10.1177/0306624X04263887
  26. Nansel TR, Overpeck M, Pilla RS, Ruan WJ, Simons-Morton B, Scheidt P. Bullying behaviors among US youth: prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. JAMA 2001;285:2094-2100. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.16.2094
  27. Espelage DL, Meban SE, Swearer SM. Gender differences in bullying: Moving beyond mean level differences. In: Espelage DL, Swearer SM, editors. Bullying in american schools: a social-ecological perspective on prevention and intervention. Hilsdale: Erlbaum;2004. p.15-35.
  28. Pelegrini A, Long JD. A longitudinal study of bullying, dominance, and victimization during the transition from primary school through secondaty school. Br J Dev Psychol 2002;20:259-280. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151002166442
  29. Solberg M, Olweus D. Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus bully/victim queationnaire. Aggress Behav 2003;29:239-268. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.10047
  30. Choi YJ, Jhin HK, Kim JW. A study on the personality trait of bullying and victimized school childrens. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2001;12:94-102.
  31. McGlashan TH, Johannessen JO. Early detection and intervention with schizophrenia: rationale. Schizophr Bull 1996;22:201-222. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/22.2.201
  32. McGlashan TH, Johannessen JO. Early detection and intervention with schizophrenia: rationale. Schizophr Bull 1996;22:201-222. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/22.2.201
  33. Stephenson P, Smith D. Bullying in the junior school. In: Tattum DP, Lane DA, editors. Bullying in schools. Stoke on Trent. Staffordshire: Trentham books;1989. p.45-57.
  34. Kochenderfer BJ, Ladd GW. Peer victimization: cause or consequence of school maladjustment? Child Dev 1996;67:1305-1317. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131701
  35. Kim YS, Leventhal BL, Koh YJ, Hubbard A, Boyce WT. School bullying and youth violence: causes or consequences of psychopathologic behavior? Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:1035-1041. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.1035
  36. Shin DW, Lee SM. Characteristics of the bullying in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2009;20:90-96.
  37. Kim YS, Leventhal BL, Koh YJ, Boyce WT. Bullying increased suicide risk: Prospective study of Korean adolescents. Arch Suicide Res 2009;13:15-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/13811110802572098
  38. Ha EH, Lee SJ, Oh KJ, Hong KE. Parent-adolescent agreement in the assessment of behavior problems of adolescents: comparison of factor structures of K-CBCL and YSR. J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1998;9:3-12.

피인용 문헌

  1. College Students' Interpersonal Problems and Mental Health according to Experience of Bullying and being Bullied vol.25, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2016.25.2.147
  2. Cyberbullying, Problematic Internet Use, and Psychopathologic Symptoms among Korean Youth vol.55, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.826
  3. A Practice Patterns of Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists in South Korea vol.25, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2014.25.1.6
  4. Neural Changes Associated with Emotion Processing in Children Experiencing Peer Rejection: A Functional MRI Study vol.29, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.9.1293
  5. Violence Victimization in Korean Adolescents: Risk Factors and Psychological Problems vol.14, pp.6, 2017, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050541
  6. Bullying victimization-perpetration link during early adolescence in South Korea: applying the individual trait approach and opportunity perspective pp.1538-8239, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2018.1483246
  7. An Integrative Review of Intervention for School-bullying Perpetrators vol.27, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2018.27.4.355
  8. 제주 지역 초등학교 고학년의 교내 집단따돌림 피해 경험 관련요인 : 우울 증상과 가족 환경적 요인을 중심으로 vol.13, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.24986/anxmod.2017.13.1.004