Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
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Liver Involvement in Multiple Myeloma: A Hospital Based Retrospective Study

  • Poudel, Bibek (Department of Biochemistry, Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS), Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH)) ;
  • Mittal, Ankush (Department of Biochemistry, Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS), Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH)) ;
  • Shrestha, Rojeet (Department of Biochemistry, Nepal Medical College) ;
  • Farooqui, Mohammad Shamim (Manipal Teaching Hospital) ;
  • Yadav, Naval Kishor (Department of Biochemistry, Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS), Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH)) ;
  • Shukla, Pramod Shanker (Department of Biochemistry, Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS), Manipal Teaching Hospital (MTH))
  • Published : 2012.05.30
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Abstract

Objective: This study was to assess liver involvement in multiple myeloma with the aid of liver function tests. Materials and Methods: A hospital based retrospective study was undertaken using data retrieved of multiple myeloma from the register maintained in the Department of Biochemistry of the Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal between $1^{st}$ January, 2007 and $28^{th}$ February, 2012. We collected biomarkers of liver profiles including bilirubin (Total, Direct and Indirect), total protein, albumin, AG ratio, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$, LDH, ferritin, renal profile and hematological profile. Descriptive statistics and testing of hypothesis were used for the analysis using EPI INFO and SPSS 16 software. Results: Out of 37 cases of multiple myeloma, serum level of AST, ALT, ALP, ${\gamma}GT$ and LDH were increased above the cut-off point in 22 (59.5%), 24 (64.86%), 13 (35.13%), 9 (24.3%) and 11 (29.7%) respectively. The mean values of AST ($65.5{\pm}28.18$ U/L), ALT ($68.37{\pm}29.74$ U/L), ALP ($328.0{\pm}148.4$ U/L), ${\gamma}GT$ ($44.5{\pm}29.6$ U/L) and LDH ($361.7{\pm}116.5$ U/L), total protein ($9.79{\pm}1.03$ gm/dl) were significantly increased when compared with controls. In contrast, albumin ($3.68{\pm}0.43$ gm/dl) and the AG ratio ($0.62{\pm}0.15$) were significantly decreased. Similarly, anemia, hyperuricemia, azotemia, hypercalcaemia and Bence Jones proteinuria were found in 30 (78.9%), 27 (71.1%), 19 (51.5%), 15 (39.5%) and 16 (42.1%) respectively, in cases of multiple myeloma. Conclusions: While clinical manifestation of liver disease among the multiple myeloma was not common, abnormalities in liver function were characteristic.

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