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Characteristics of Lotus and Lance Asia bell as Ingredients of Kimchi

김치원료로서 연근과 더덕의 절임특성 연구

  • Received : 2012.04.19
  • Accepted : 2012.06.13
  • Published : 2012.08.31

Abstract

The study of quality and salting characteristics of root vegetables other than Chinese cabbage was done to develop different kinds of Kimchi. The root vegetables lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) and lance Asia bell (Codonopsis lanceolata) were evaluated as main ingredients for Kimchi by measuring their physico-chemical and microbial properties. Salinity, pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar, firmness, color change, moisture content, total viable counts, and lactic acid bacteria were investigated to identify adaptability for Kimchi. The initial pH of lotus and lance Asia bell showed 5.7 to 6.3 during the salting period, and the pH decreased with increasing salting periods. The reducing sugar contents of lance Asia bell showed 34.1 to 35.6 mg/g, which were significantly higher compared to lotus 3.2 to 3.4 mg/g. Titratable acidity also showed higher in salted lance Asia bell at 0.36 to 0.4%, while lotus showed 0.17 to 0.27%. Lactic acid producing bacteria increased in lance Asia bell during salting periods and reached $2.1{\times}10^4CFU/g$ after 48 hr of salting. However, no lactic acid bacteria were detected in lotus. As a result of this physico-chemical and microbial analysis, lance Asia bell was more suitable as an ingredient of Kimchi than lotus.

본 연구는 김치원료의 다양화를 위해 기존의 김치 주원료인 배추를 대체할 수 있는 근채류를 발굴하고자 하였으며, 이를 위하여 연근과 더덕의 이화학적 및 미생물학적 절임특성을 분석하였다. 연근과 더덕의 김치원료로서의 적합성을 확인하기 위하여 염도, pH, 산도, 환원당, 경도, 색도, 수분, 일반세균, 젖산균을 측정하였다. 절임시간에 따라 더덕의 수분함량 감소가 연근에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 이로 인해 경도의 변화 역시 더덕에서 더 높게 나타났다. 연근과 더덕의 초기 pH는 각각 5.7과 6.3이었으며, 절임기간이 늘어날수록 pH는 내려가는 경향을 보였다. 김치는 발효과정이 진행됨에 따라 발효성 당류가 유기산 등 다른 물질로 전환되므로 발효를 위해서는 환원당이 필수요소로 더덕의 경우는 환원당이 25~39 mg/g의 범위로 나타났으나, 연근의 경우는 환원당이 1.1~2.5 mg/g의 범위로 나타나 환원당이 거의 없어 김치의 주원료로는 적합하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 미생물학적 특성도 연근의 경우 김치의 발효에 영향을 미치는 젖산균의 증식이 거의 관찰되지 않아 김치의 주원료로는 적합하지 않았으나, 더덕의 경우는 절임 48시간 후 젖산균수가 $2.1{\times}10^4CFU/mL$로 나타나 김치 원료로 적합하다고 판단되었다.

Keywords

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