The Korea Journal of Herbology (대한본초학회지)

The Korea Association of Herbology (대한본초학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Inhibitory Effects of Marine Natural Products on Melanogenesis in B16 Melanoma Cells

B16 멜라닌 세포에서 해양소재 추출물의 멜라닌 생성 저해 효과

  • Lee, Chan (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University) ;
  • Jang, Jung-Hee (Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University) ;
  • Ahn, Eun-Mi (Department of Herbal Food Pharmacology, Daegu Haany University) ;
  • Park, Chan-Ik (Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University)
  • 이찬 (계명대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 장정희 (계명대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
  • 안은미 (대구한의대학교 한방식품약리학과) ;
  • 박찬익 (대구한의대학교 화장품약리학과)
  • Received : 2012.05.13
  • Accepted : 2012.06.28
  • Published : 2012.07.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : Under normal condition melanin protects the skin from extracellular stimuli including ultraviolet (UV)-induced oxidative skin damages, but excess production and accumulation of melanin can induce hyperpigmentation causing esthetic problems. Therefore, in this study we tried to search for natural skin whitening materials from marine natural resources. Methods : Water and ethanol extracts of marine natural resources were prepared from Porphyra thalli (PT), Laminariae thallus (LT), Ostreae concha (OC), Sargassum thallus (ST), Undaria thallus (UT), Codium thalli (CT), Enteromorpha thalli (ET), Syngnathoides biaculeatus (SB), and Hippocampus coronatus (Hc). Their effects against UVB and ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}$-MSH)-induced melanogenesis were investigated based on melanin formation in B16 mouse melanoma cells. The mRNA and protein expression of enzymes involved in the melanogenic process were further examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results : Water extract of Ostreae concha (OCW/E) effectively inhibited UVB and ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanin production in B16 melanocytes, which seemed to be mediated by inhibition of mRNA expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1). In another experiment, ethanol extracts from Porphyra thalli (PTE/E), Laminariae thallus (LTE/E), Sargassum thallus (STE/E), Undaria thallus (UTE/E), Codium thalli (CTE/E), Syngnathoides biaculeatus (SBE/E), and Hippocampus coronatus (HcE/E) significantly suppressed UVB and ${\alpha}$-MSH-induced melanin formation. Furthermore, ethylacetate fraction isolated form LTE/E (LTE/EEt) decreased UVB and ${\alpha}$-MSH-elevated extracellular melanin levels via inhibition of tyrosinase protein expression. Conclutions : These results suggest that marine natural resources such as Porphyra thalli, Laminariae thallus, Ostreae concha, Sargassum thallus, Undaria thallus, Codium thalli, Syngnathoides biaculeatus and Hippocampus coronatus have anti-melanogenic effects, thereby exhibiting high potentials to be utilized as one of the ingredients for the development of new whitening functional cosmetics.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee WJ. Structure and function. J Skin Barrier Research. 2006 ; 8 : 10-7.
  2. Shimoda N, Mutou Y, Shimura N, Tsukimoto M, Awaya A, Kojima S. Effect of heterocyclic pyrimidine compounds on UVB-induced cell damage in human keratinocytes and on melanogenesis in mouse B16 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2010 ; 33 : 862-8. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.33.862
  3. Svobodova A, Walterova D, Vostalova J. Ultraviolet light induced alteration to the skin. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2006 ; 150 : 25-38. https://doi.org/10.5507/bp.2006.003
  4. Costin GE, Hearing VJ. Human skin pigmentation: melanocytes modulate skin color in response to stress. FASEB J. 2007 ; 21 : 976-94. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.06-6649rev
  5. James JN, Raymond EB, Vincent JH, Richard AK, William SO, Jean-Paul O. The Pigmentary System: Physiology and Pathophysiology. 2nd Edition. Wiley-Blackwell. 2006.
  6. Irwin C, Barnes A, Veres D, Kaidbey K. An ultraviolet radiation action spectrum for immediate pigment darkening. Photochem Photobiol. 1993 ; 57 : 504-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02326.x
  7. Kawada A. UVB-induced erythema, delayed tanning, and UVA-induced immediate tanning in Japanese skin. Photodermatol. 1986 ; 3 : 327-33.
  8. Ortonne JP. The effects of ultraviolet exposure on skin melanin pigmentation. J Int Med Res. 1990 ; 18 : 8C-17C. https://doi.org/10.1177/03000605900180S103
  9. Chakraborty AK, Funasaka Y, Komoto M, Ichihashi M. Effect of arbutin on melanogenic proteins in human melanocytes. Pigment Cell Res. 1998 ; 11 : 206-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1998.tb00731.x
  10. Halder RM, Richards GM. Topical agents used in the management of hyperpigmentation. Skin Therapy Lett. 2004 ; 9 : 1-3.
  11. Maeda K, Fukada M. In vivo effectiveness of several whitening cosmetic components in human melanocytes. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1991 ; 42 : 361-8.
  12. Lee JS, Kim JA, Cho SH, Son AR, Jang TS, So MS, Chung SR, Lee SH. Tyrosinase inhibitors isolated from the roots of glycyrrhiza glabra L. Kor J Pharmacogn. 2003 ; 34 : 33-9.
  13. You MJ. Inhibitory Effect of Morus alba Extracts on Tyrosinase Activity and Melanogenesis in SK-MEL-2 cells. Kor J Aesthet Cosmetol. 2011 ; 9 : 19-30.
  14. No JK, Soung DY, Kim YJ, Shim KH, Jun YS, Rhee SH, Yokozawa T, Chung HY. Inhibition of tyrosinase by green tea components. J Life Sci. 1999 ; 65 : PL241-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00492-0
  15. Lee HJ, Kim JH, Lee CH, Kim JS, Kwak ST, lEE KB, Song KS, Choi BW, Lee BH. Inhibitory activities of sea weeds on prolyl endopeptidase, tyrosinase and coagulation. Kor J Pharmacogn. 1999 ; 118 : 231-7.
  16. Kang KJ, Choi BW, Lee BH, Lee ES, Lee NH. Screening of the Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Marine Algae and Medicinal Plants. Kor J Pharmacogn. 1998 ; 114 : 237-42.
  17. Chan YY, Kim KH, Cheah SH. Inhibitory effects of Sargassum polycystum on tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 ; 137 : 1183-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.050
  18. Cho YH. Inhibitory effect of Enteromorpha linza on the melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. Kor J Pharmacogn. 2008 ; 39 : 174-8.
  19. Yoon HS, Ko WB, Jung JH, Kim IJ. The anti-melanogenic effects of petalonia binghamiae extracts in uurine B16/F1 melanoma cells. J subtropical agriculture and biotechnology. 2009 ; 25 : 25-31.
  20. Yoon NY, Eom TK, Kim MM, Kim SK. Inhibitory effect of phlorotannins isolated from Ecklonia cava on mushroom tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 ; 57 : 4124-9. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf900006f
  21. Jung SH, Ku MJ, Moon HJ, You BC, Jun MJ, Lee YH. Inhibitory Effects of Fucoidan on Melanin Synthesis and Tyrosinase Activity. J Life Sci. 2009 ; 19 : 75-80. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2009.19.1.075
  22. Li SH, Ryu JY, Zhang R, Yoo HS, Kim JH, Kwon TJ, Kang SM, Choe TB, An SK. The inhibition effect of Bletilla striata on melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Kor J Soci Tricho. 2007 ; 3 : 5-20.
  23. Busca R, Ballotti R. Cyclic AMP a key messenger in the regulation of skin pigmentation. Pigment Cell Res. 2000 ; 13 : 60-9. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2000.130203.x
  24. Kim JH, Park JK, Haw CR, Lee MH. The effects of multiple UVB exposures on proliferation and melanization in cultured human melanocytes. Kor J Dermatol. 1994 ; 32 : 1035-45.
  25. Kim ST, Pataak MA, Hadley ME. Melanogenesis by UVA, UVB, PUVA and melanotropins in mouse and guinea pig skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1989 ; 92 : 459.
  26. Bertolotto C, Abbe P, Hemesath TJ, Bille K, Fisher DE, Ortonne JP, Ballotti R. Microphthalmia gene product as a signal transducer in cAMP-induced differentiation of melanocytes. J Cell Biol. 1998 ; 142 : 827-35. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.142.3.827
  27. Bertolotto C, Busca R, Abbe P, Bille K, Aberdam E, Ortonne JP, Ballotti R. Different cis-acting elements are involved in the regulation of TRP1 and TRP2 promoter activities by cyclic AMP: pivotal role of M boxes (GTCATGTGCT) and of microphthalmia. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 ; 18 : 694-702. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.18.2.694
  28. Han HS, Bae SJ, Kim MH. Effects of Porphyra tenera extracts on formation of collagen cross-link in ovarieectomized rars. J Kor Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2004 ; 33 : 324-30. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.2.324
  29. Park YJ, Yoon MY, Lim HW, Lee JY, Kim CJ, Sim SS. Effects of hot-water extracts from Laminnaria japonicus on production of melanin and inflammatory mediators. Yakhak Haeji. 2004 ; 48 : 374-8.
  30. Chan YY, Kim KH, Cheah SH. Inhibitory effects of Sargassum polycystum on tyrosinase activity and melanin formation in B16F10 murine melanoma cells. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 ; 137 : 1183-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.050
  31. Kim YS, Nam HG, Shin HJ, Na MS, Kim MH, Lee CW, Kim JS, Park OR, Cha WS, Nam HG. Effect of hot water extract of undaria pinnatifida on the activities of antioxidant and nitrite scavenging. KSBB. 2011 ; 26 : 151-6. https://doi.org/10.7841/ksbbj.2011.26.2.151
  32. Park MH, Kang SL, Kim MH. Effect of Codium Fragile extract on collagen content and collagen cross-link formation in ovariectomized rats. J Life Sci. 2007 ; 17 : 931-6. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2007.17.7.931
  33. Pharmacognosy. Dongmyungsa. 2006.
  34. Park SM, Cho YG, Lee JR, Lee CW, Kim HJ, Kwan YG, Kim SC. Inhibitory effect of oyster conchioloin on pro-inflammatory mediator in lipopolysaccharide - Activated Raw 264.7 Cells. Kor J Oriental Medical Pathology. 2008 ; 22 : 878-83.

Cited by

  1. 해조류 청각(Codium fragile) 에탄올 추출물의 항산화에 관한 연구 vol.5, pp.4, 2012, https://doi.org/10.17703/jcct.2019.5.4.467
  2. 꾸지뽕나무 열매에서 추출한 4'-O-methylalpinumisoflavone의 항산화 및 미백 효과 vol.33, pp.6, 2012, https://doi.org/10.15188/kjopp.2019.12.33.6.349