Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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The Characteristics of the Bird Communities by Land-use Types - The Case Study of Siheung City, Korea -

토지이용유형별 야생조류 군집구조 특성 분석 - 시흥시를 사례로 -

  • Kim, Ji-Suk (Dept. of Bio Environmental Energy, Pusan Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Hong, Suk-Hwan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Pusan Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Oh, Choong-Hyeon (Dept. of Biological and Environmental science, Dongguk Univ.)
  • 김지석 (부산대학교 바이오환경에너지학과) ;
  • 홍석환 (부산대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 오충현 (동국대학교 바이오환경과학과)
  • Received : 2012.02.26
  • Accepted : 2012.05.30
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

To analyze the bird communities by the land use type, we surveyed 43 plots in Siheung City, Korea from Mar. 2009 to Feb. 2010 and classified the community by TWINSPAN and DCA. Classification result by TWINSPAN was classified into 4 communities. In the first division, waterbirds, such as spot-billed duck(Anas poecilorhyncha) and great egret(Egretta alba) operated as the differential species. In the second and third division, little grebe(Tachybaptus ruficollis) and eurasian sparrow(Passer montanus) were operated as the differential species. The relationship between land use types and classified bird communities, all plots of community I were located in the forest. Community II plots were contained all urban and several semi-natural land use types. Community III contains stream and rice paddy. Plots in the reservoir were classified community IV. The stream and rice paddy were classified into different communities, which were colsely related with the size of wetland paddy. Community III had the highest species diversity index and community II had lowest. Community III also had the highest maximum species diversity index and evenness index. The result of this study, small stream and small rice paddy located within the city have insignificant characteristics as the habitat for birds. Management size of semi-natural land use for wildbird habitat in the urban area should be considered for showing their habitat characteristics. If the classification of biotope type based on the scale of rice paddy and urban park and the type of landuse type in the riverside then we should be consider the standard of minium area.

시흥시 토지이용유형별 야생조류 군집 특성을 분석하기 위하여 43개조사구를 선정하여 2009년 3월부터 2010년 2월까지 계절별로 군집구조 조사를 실시하였다. 조사는 정점조사법을 활용하였으며 군집분류는 TWINSPAN과 DCA기법을 활용하였다. 군집분류 결과 4개의 군집으로 분류되었으며 첫 번째 분류는 흰뺨검둥오리(Anas poecilorhyncha), 중대백로(Egretta alba)와 같은 물새류를 식별종으로 하여 나뉘어졌다. 분류된 2개 군집은 각각 논병아리(Tachybaptus ruficollis)와 참새(Passer montanus)를 식별종으로 다시 분류되어 총 4개의 군집으로 분류되었다. 분류된 군집은 토지 이용유형에 따라 나뉘어졌으며, 군집 I은 산림지역, 군집 II는 시가화지역과 반자연지역 일부(하천, 논습지)를 포함하였다. 군집 III은 하천과 논습지, 군집 IV는 저수지이었다. 하천과 논습지는 동일 토지이용유형이 서로 다른 군집으로 구분되었으나, 논습지와 주변 하천 규모에 따라 차이가 나타나고 있어 동일 토지이용유형의 면적 크기가 군집의 종 구성에 영향을 미침을 확인하였다. 종다양도지수는 군집 III(대규모 논습지와 주변 하천)이 가장 높았고, 군집 IV가 낮았다. 최대종다양도나 균등도도 군집 III이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과, 비오톱 유형화의 경우 도심 내 논습지 및 도시공원의 규모, 하천변의 토지이용형태를 고려할 경우 최소면적기준의 적용이 필요하였다.

Keywords

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