Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
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Evaluation of Aquatic Ecological Efficiency in Juam Lake Eco-wetlands for Reducing Non-point Source Pollutants

비점오염물질 저감을 위한 주암호 생태습지의 수생태학적 효율 평가

  • Lee, Sang-Gyu (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Seo, Dong-Cheol (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Choi, Ik-Won (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kang, Se-Won (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Seo, Young-Jin (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Lim, Byung-Jin (Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Bae (Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Don (Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center) ;
  • Heo, Jong-Soo (Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 program) & Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Cho, Ju-Sik (Department of Bio-Environmental Sciences, Sunchon National University)
  • 이상규 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 서동철 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 최익원 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 강세원 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 서영진 (순천대학교 생물환경학과) ;
  • 임병진 (국립환경과학원 영산강 물환경 연구소) ;
  • 이준배 (국립환경과학원 영산강 물환경 연구소) ;
  • 김상돈 (국립환경과학원 영산강 물환경 연구소) ;
  • 허종수 (경상대학교 응용생명과학부 (BK21 농생명산업 글로벌 인재 육성 사업단) & 농업생명과학원) ;
  • 조주식 (순천대학교 생물환경학과)
  • Received : 2012.02.17
  • Accepted : 2012.03.30
  • Published : 2012.04.30
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Abstract

To reduce non-point source pollutants in Juam Lake eco-wetlands, purification efficiencies of pollutants were investigated at three different systems. The constructed wetlands (CWs) consisted of A system, B system and C system. A system consisted of $1^{st}$ free water surface (FWS) CW, $2^{nd}$ FWS CW, $3^{rd}$ FWS CW, $4^{th}$ subsurface flow (SSF) CW and $5^{th}$ SSF CW. B system consisted of $1^{st}$ FWS CW, $2^{nd}$ FWS CW, $3^{rd}$ FWS CW, $4^{th}$ FWS CW and $5^{th}$ SSF CW. C system consisted of $1^{st}$ FWS CW, $2^{nd}$ FWS CW, $3^{rd}$ FWS CW, $4^{th}$ FWS CW and $5^{th}$ SSF CW. The concentrations of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P in inflow ranged 0.20 ~ 0.91, 1.24 ~ 8.00, 0.60 ~ 8.60, 0.04 ~ 2.50 and $0.001{\sim}0.685mg\;L^{-1}$ from March to October in 2011, respectively. Removal rates of BOD, SS, T-N and T-P were high in Autumn, Spring, Spring and Summer, respectively. In A system, $1^{st}$ FWS CW, $2^{nd}$ FWS CW and $3^{rd}$ FWS CW were dominated by Leersia oryzoides. In B system, $1^{st}$ FWS CW, $3^{rd}$ FWS CW and $4^{th}$ FWS CW were dominated by Leersia oryzoides. In C system, $2^{nd}$ FWS CW and $3^{rd}$ FWS CW were dominated by Nymphaea teragona.

비점오염원 저감을 위해 설치된 주암호 생태습지의 수질정화효율을 평가하기 위하여 시스템별 및 시기별 오염물질의 함량과 처리효율을 조사하였다. 유입원수의 BOD, COD, SS, T-N 및 T-P의 함량은 각각 0.20~0.91, 1.24~8.00, 0.6~8.6, 0.04~2.50 및 $0.001{\sim}0.685mg\;L^{-1}$ 범위로 나타났다. 주암호 생태습지 유입수의 대부분이 현행 오염물질 수질기준을 초과하지 않은 상태로 유입되었지만 비점오염원이 많이 유입되는 특정 시기 (장마철)에는 높은 오염물질 함량을 나타내었다. 시기별로는 전반적으로 여름철에 유입원수의 영양염류의 유입이 다른 시기에 비해 높은 경향이었다. 전반적으로 C 시스템이 오염물질의 처리효율이 가장 높은 경향이었다. A 시스템의 습지들은 대부분 겨풀이 우점하고 있었으며 B 시스템의 습지들은 겨풀과 연꽃이 우점하고 있었다. C 시스템의 습지들은 겨풀, 수련 및 부들이 우점하고 있었다. 주암호 생태습지는 오염물질의 처리능이 전반적으로 안정화 상태에 도달하지 못한 것으로 판단되며, 특히 겨풀 및 물 참새피 등 식물교란종의 습지 내 침투로 인하여 습지의 수질정화효율이 전반적으로 낮았다. 따라서 본 연구결과로부터 조성초기 인공습지는 식생의 발달 여부가 수질의 안정화와 습지의 수생태학적 역할을 증대시키는데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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