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Effect of Growth and Yield of Wheat, Soil Properties on Leguminous Cover Crops-Wheat Mixtures

두과 피복작물과 밀 혼파 재배 시 밀의 생육과 수량 및 토양특성에 미치는 영향

  • 전원태 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 성기영 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 오계정 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 이현복 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 김민태 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 이용환 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 강위금 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 김숙진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원) ;
  • 강항원 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원)
  • Received : 2012.02.15
  • Accepted : 2012.02.29
  • Published : 2012.04.30

Abstract

Leguminous cover crops fix nitrogen from the atmosphere. The objective of this research was carried out to decrease fertilizer amount by cover crops-wheat mixtures cultivation. Field experiment was conducted at upland soil 2008 to 2009. Cover crops were used crimson clover and hairy vetch. Treatments consisted of three wheat-crimson clover (wheat 10 kg + crimson clover 1, 3, $5kg\;10a^{-1}$), wheat-hairy vetch mixture (wheat 10 kg + hairy vetch $2kg\;10a^{-1}$), and wheat - hairy vetch mixture - crimson clover (wheat 10 kg + hairy vetch 2 kg + crimson clover $3kg\;10a^{-1}$). These treatments were divided into no fertilizer and top dressing. The yield of wheat and crimson clover mixtures had no significantly differences compared to wheat only at top dressing plots. Also soil chemical and physical properties were a little bit improved such as OM, $NO_3$-N, and bulk density etc by wheat-crimson clover mixtures. Therefore, we suggested that crimson clover and wheat mixture could be used to reduction of fertilizers amount for environmental friendly wheat production.

본시험은 피복작물과 밀을 혼파하여 밀 재배 시 친환경적 비료 절감 효과를 구명하고자 경기도 수원시에 소재한 농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물환경 시험 포장의 밭토양 (중동통, 사양질)에서 수행하였다. 녹비작물은 2008년 10월 7일에 밀 (금강밀), 크림손클로버 (레드스프링), 헤어리베치 (마메초)를 세조파하여 수행하였다. 처리내용은 밀 ($14kg\;10a^{-1}$)과 크림손클로버 ($3kg\;10a^{-1}$)단파, 밀과 크림손클로버 혼파3처리 (밀 $10kg\;10a^{-1}$ + 크림손클로버 1, 3, $5kg\;10a^{-1}$), 밀 10 + 헤어리베치 $2kg\;10a^{-1}$ 혼파, 밀 10 + 크림손클로버 2 + 헤어리베치 $2kg\;10a^{-1}$ 3종 혼파를 처리하였다. 이들 처리는 각각 무비구와 추비구로 나누었다. 밀수량은 추비를 시용한 구가 무비구에 비하여 높았고 무비구에서는 크림손클로버의 파종량이 증가함에 따라서 증가하였고 밀과 크림손클로버 5 kg 혼파구가 밀 수량이 $308kg\;10a^{-1}$로 밀 무비 단파구 ($234kg\;10a^{-1}$)에 비하여 수량 유의적으로 높았다. 추비구에서는 밀과 크림손클로버 혼파구의 모든 처리에서 단파구와 밀수량과 유의적 차이가 없었다. 헤어리베치 혼파구는 무비구에서는 밀단파와 차이가 없었으나 추비구에서는 밀 단파구보다 수량이 낮았다. 또한 밀과 크림손클로버 혼파처리구에서 $NO_3$-N, 유기물의 함량이 약간 증가하는 경향이었고 용적밀도는 약간 감소하는 경향이었다. 따라서 밀 재배 시 화학비료를 대체하기 위하여 피복작물을 이용할 경우에 헤어리베치보다 크림손클로버가 좋을 것으로 판단되었으나 추후 정밀한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되었다.

Keywords

References

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Cited by

  1. Effects of Various Seeding Type and Ratios of Wheat Varieties on Agricultural Characteristics and Quality of Plants vol.61, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2016.61.2.098
  2. Effect of Mixed Sowing of Hairy Vetch and Wheat on Green Manure Yield in a Reclaimed Land vol.48, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2014.48.3.85