Antioxidant Activity of Fermented Wild Grass Extracts

산야초 발효액의 항산화 활성

Wild grass is edible, and it grows in the mountains or field areas. Wild grass has diverse biological effects, such as antiobesity, anti-cancer, antioxidant activities and immune stimulation. Currently, many studies are aimed at enhancing the efficacy of medicinal foods on biological activity using a bioconversion technology, including the fermentation process. In this study, the quality characteristics and antioxidative activity of the fermented wild grass was investigated. The antioxidant activity of fermented wild grass was assessed by various radical scavenging assays using DPPH(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP(ferric ion reducing antioxidant power), reducing power, and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)). Moisture contents of the fermented wild grass is $49.6{\pm}0.06%$. Contents of crude ash, crude protein, and crude fat were $0.65{\pm}0.01$, $0.65{\pm}0.04$, and $3.3{\pm}0.59%$, respectively. Moreover, fermented wild grass showed that the hunter's color values were 80.36(lightnees), 11.47(redness), and 44.53(yellowness), respectively. Total phenolic contents of the fermented wild grass was $1,185{\pm}159{\mu}g$ GAE(gallic acid equivalent)/g. The antioxidative activities of the fermented wild grass were significantly increased in a dose dependent manner. In addition, fermented wild grass did not show any cytotoxicity up to 500 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. However, the anti-adipogenic effect of the fermented wild grass extract was barely detectable. This antioxidant potential is partly due to the phenolic compounds that are present in the fermented wild grass extracts.

본 연구에서는 산야초 발효액의 품질특성 및 항산화 효과를 평가하였다. 산야초 발효액의 수분함량은 $49.6{\pm}0.06%$이었으며, 조회분 $0.65{\pm}0.01%$, 조지방 $3.3{\pm}0.59%$, 조단백질 $0.65{\pm}0.04%$이었다. 그리고 산야초 발효액의 총 페놀함량 분석 결과, $1,185{\pm}159{\mu}g$ GAE/g으로 나타났다. 색도 분석에서 L값은 80.36으로 나타났으며, a값과 b값은 각각 11.47 및 44.53으로 측정되었다. 다양한 항산화 평가 모델(DPPH, FRAP, 환원력, ABTS)을 통하여 산야초 발효액의 항산화 활성을 측정한 결과, 산야초 발효액의 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화능이 유의적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 산야초 발효액은 지방세포에 대한 세포독성을 나타내지 않은 반면, 지방세포 분화에 대한 억제 효능은 미비하게 나타났다. 따라서 산야초의 발효액을 제조시 기능성 향상을 위한 발효공정의 개선 및 최적화 등의 추후 연구가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.