Korean Journal of Weed Science (한국잡초학회지)

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
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Effects of Cover Crops and Sowing Methods on Weed Occurrences and Growth and Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

피복작물과 파종법에 따른 잡초발생과 수수의 생육 및 수량

  • 전승호 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 윤을수 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 박창영 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 황재복 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 정기열 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 최영대 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 김현주 (국립식량과학원 기능성작물부) ;
  • 심상인 (국립 경상대학교 농학과)
  • Received : 2012.04.30
  • Accepted : 2012.05.30
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the weed suppressing effects of different cropping system including hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and rye (Secale cereale) cover crops, polyethylene plastic film, and transplanting film mulching in direct sowing and transplanted sorghum field in 2011. Crop growth and development and weed occurrences in the fields were examined to know the efficiency of proposed cropping system. In polyethylene film mulching treatment, heading date of sorghum was earlier by 3 days than control, on the other hands, rye cover crop mulching delayed heading date by 11 days. Besides the effect of cover crop on the heading of sorghum, the residues changed growth characteristics. Plant height of sorghum was increased by 27.3% at hairy vetch treatment although it was reduced by 47.5% in the rye cover crop treatment. Hairy vetch treatment showed beneficial effects on sorghum growth reduced the occurrences of grasses and broadleaf weeds to 84% and 96%, respectively, as compared to control in sorghum fields. While rye cover crop treatment showed poor sorghum growth reduced less strongly grasses and broadleaf weeds by 35% and 71%, respectively. At harvest, yield of sorghum was greater in order of hairy vetch cover crop > polyethylene film mulching > rye cover crop ${\fallingdotseq}$ control in both transplanted and direct sown fields.

본 연구에서는 수수 재배에서 피복작물을 이용한 잡초관리 방법 개선과 잡곡의 작부체계 개선 효율을 비교하기 위하여 수수의 파종법과 피복작물인 벳지와 호밀 처리가 수수의 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 실시하였다. 출수일은 비닐피복구, 벳지구, 무처리구, 호밀구 순으로 빨랐으며 직파보다는 이식에서 먼저 출수하였다. 초장은 벳지구 > P.E.처리구 > 무처리구 > 호밀구 순으로 나타났으며 호밀 직파구에서 -47.5%로 가장 저조하였다. 엽록소 함량과 엽록소형광에서는 생육 초기와 중기에서는 P.E.처리구 > 벳지구 > 무처리구 > 호밀구 순으로 높았으나, 후기에서는 호밀구에서 증가하거나 다른 처리구에 비해 변화의 폭이 적게 나타났다. 잡초종은 무처리에서는 16종, 호밀구와 벳지구에서 각각 10종, 6종의 초종이 발생하였다. 발생 개체수는 무처리 직파구에서 262.0 본 $m^{-2}$로 많이 발생하였으며 방제가는 벳지 이식구에서 78.9%로 가장 높았다. 벳지구에서는 화본과와 광엽잡초 모두 억제효과가 높았으나 호밀구에서는 화본과 잡초에 비해 광엽잡초에 대해 높은 억제 효과가 나타났다. 수량은 벳지 이식구 > P.E. 이식구 > 호밀구 이식구 ${\fallingdotseq}$ 무처리 이식구 > 벳지 직파구 > P.E. 직파구 > 호밀구 직파구${\fallingdotseq}$무처리 직파구 순으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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