Korean Journal of Weed Science (한국잡초학회지)

The Korean Society of Weed Science & The Turfgrass Society of Korea Archive (한국잡초학회 & 한국잔디학회)
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Effect of Yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius H. Robinson) Extracts on Herbicidal, Fungicidal, and Insecticidal Activities

야콘(Smallanthus sonchifolius H. Robinson) 추출물의 제초, 살균 및 살충활성 효과

  • Yun, Young-Beom (Dept. of Development in Resources, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Hwa (Dept. of Development in Resources, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Jang, Se-Ji (Dept. of Development in Resources, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Kim, Do-Ik (Jeonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Service) ;
  • Kwon, Oh-Do (Jeonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Service) ;
  • Kuk, Yong-In (Dept. of Development in Resources, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University)
  • 윤영범 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 자원식물개발학과) ;
  • 김진화 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 자원식물개발학과) ;
  • 장세지 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 자원식물개발학과) ;
  • 김도익 (전남농업기술원 친환경연구소) ;
  • 권오도 (전남농업기술원 친환경연구소) ;
  • 국용인 (순천대학교 생명산업과학대학 자원식물개발학과)
  • Received : 2012.05.24
  • Accepted : 2012.06.20
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

This research has been carried out to find out the highest effect on insecticidal, fungicidal and herbicidal activities in leaves, stem and tuber extracts of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) and extraction methods such as water, boiling water and methanol. Characteristics of potential herbicidal components among extraction methods were investigated by solvent fractions such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. Generally, methanol extract was the best on inhibition of germination rate, plant height, and root length in cucumber and barley. On the other hand, the inhibition effect on growth in cucumber and barley was the best in tuber among plant parts of yacon. Inhibition of germination rate, plant height, and root length in cucumber and barley in solvent fractions was the best in water fraction, but there were no differences in other fractions. Digitaria sanguinalis L. and Solanum nigrum L. by 5 and 10% extractions of yacon tuber were controlled by more than 70~80% and 95~100%, respectively. However, there was no inhibition effect on foliar treatment in cucumber and barley as affected by 5 and 10% extractions of yacon tuber. Mortality of green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) was 50% at 3 days after treatment of 5% extracts of yacon leaves. Mortality of brown plant hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) was only 24% in 5% extracts of stems and leaves with midrib, but was 57% in 5% extracts of leaves without midrib. There was no fungicidal effect on anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum), wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum), verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae), bacterial blight (Xanthomonus oryzae) in 5% extracts of yacon leaves.

본 연구는 야콘의 잎, 줄기, 괴경 추출물 중 어느 부위에서 제초, 살균 및 살충효과가 가장 높은지를 알아보기 위해서 각 부위별로 물, 열수 그리고 메탄올로 추출하였다. 또한 위의 추출방법 중 제초활성능력이 뛰어난 것을 hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, BuOH, $H_2O$로 용매분획하여 잠정적 제초 성분에 대한 특성을 조사하였다. 전반적으로 오이와 보리의 발아율, 초장 및 근장 억제에 대한 추출방법 중에 메탄올 추출법이 가장 효과적이었다. 또한 식물체 부위별로는 괴경에서 가장 효과적이었다. Ethyl acetate, butanol, chloroform, hexane, water의 용매분획에서 오이와 보리의 발아율, 초장 및 근장 저해는 물층에서 가장 좋았고 그 밖의 분획에서는 차이가 없었다. 5%와 10% 야콘 괴경 추출물에 의해 바랭이와 까마중은 각각 70~80%와 95~100% 방제되었다. 그러나 이들 농도의 야콘 괴경 추출물에 의한 오이와 보리 경엽처리에 의한 저해 효과는 인정할 수 없었다. 5% 야콘 잎 추출물 처리 후 3일째 복숭아혹진딧물의 살충률은 50%이었다. 벼멸구의 경우 5% 줄기와 잎(중륵 포함) 추출물에 의한 살충률은 24%로 낮았고 중륵이 배제된 잎 추출물에서 57% 살충률을 보였다. 그러나 5% 잎 추출물에 대한 탄저병, 시들음병, 청고병, 흰잎마름 병원균에 대한 살균효과는 없었다.

Keywords

References

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