References
- Shah A, Rader DJ, Millar JS. The effect of PPAR-alpha agonism on apolipoprotein metabolism in humans. Atherosclerosis 2010;210:35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.11.010
- Frick MH, Elo O, Haapa K, Heinonen OP, et al. Helsinki Heart Study: primary- prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1237-45. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198711123172001
- Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, et al. Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol. Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Intervention Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:410-8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199908053410604
- Secondary prevention by raising HDL cholesterol and reducing triglycerides in patients with coronary artery disease: the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study. Circulation 2000;102:21-7. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.102.1.21
- Keech A, Simes RJ, Barter P, et al. Effects of long-term fenofibrate therapy on cardiovascular events in 9795 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the FIELD study): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005;366:1849-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67667-2
- ACCORD Study Group, Ginsberg HN, Elam MB, et al. Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2010;362:1563-74. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1001282
- Ross R. Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340:115-26. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199901143400207
- Ridker PM. Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention. Circulation 2003;107:363-9. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000053730.47739.3C
- Staels B, Koenig W, Habib A, et al. Activation of human aortic smoothmuscle cells is inhibited by PPARalpha but not by PPARgamma activators. Nature 1998;393:790-3. https://doi.org/10.1038/31701
- Malik J, Melenovsky V, Wichterle D, et al. Both fenofibrate and atorvastatin improve vascular reactivity in combined hyperlipidaemia (fenofibrate versus atorvastatin trial--FAT). Cardiovasc Res 2001;52:290-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(01)00382-0
- Wu TJ, Ou HY, Chou CW, Hsiao SH, Lin CY, Kao PC. Decrease in inflammatory cardiovascular risk markers in hyperlipidemic diabetic patients treated with fenofibrate. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2007;37:158-66.
- Cortellaro M, Cofrancesco E, Boschetti C, et al. Effects of fluvastatin and bezafibrate combination on plasma fibrinogen, t-plasminogen activator inhibitor and C reactive protein levels in coronary artery disease patients with mixed hyperlipidaemia (FACT study). Fluvastatin Alone and in Combination Treatment. Thromb Haemost 2000;83:549-53.
- Gomez-Gerique JA, Ros E, Olivan J, et al. Effect of atorvastatin and bezafibrate on plasma levels of C-reactive protein in combined (mixed) hyperlipidemia. Atherosclerosis 2002;162:245-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(01)00708-0
- Wang TD, Chen WJ, Lin JW, Cheng CC, Chen MF, Lee YT. Efficacy of fenofibrate and simvastatin on endothelial function and inflammatory markers in patients with combined hyperlipidemia: relations with baseline lipid profiles. Atherosclerosis 2003;170:315-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(03)00296-X
- Hogue JC, Lamarche B, Tremblay AJ, Bergeron J, Gagné C, Couture P. Differential effect of atorvastatin and fenofibrate on plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein, inflammation markers, and cell adhesion molecules in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2008;57:380-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2007.10.014
- Muhlestein JB, May HT, Jensen JR, et al. The reduction of inflammatory biomarkers by statin, fibrate, and combination therapy among diabetic patients with mixed dyslipidemia: the DIACOR (Diabetes and Combined Lipid Therapy Regimen) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:396-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2006.05.009
- Jonkers IJ, Mohrschladt MF, Westendorp RG, van der Laarse A, Smelt AH. Severe hypertriglyceridemia with insulin resistance is associated with systemic inflammation: reversal with bezafibrate therapy in a randomized controlled trial. Am J Med 2002;112:275-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9343(01)01123-8
- Farnier M, Freeman MW, Macdonell G, et al. Efficacy and safety of the coadministration of ezetimibe with fenofibrate in patients with mixed hyperlipidaemia. Eur Heart J 2005;26:897-905. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehi231
- Belfort R, Berria R, Cornell J, Cusi K. Fenofibrate reduces systemic inflammation markers independent of its effects on lipid and glucose metabolism in patients with the metabolic syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:829-36. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-1487
- Ye P, Li JJ, Su G, Zhang C. Effects of fenofibrate on inflammatory cytokines and blood pressure in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Clin Chim Acta 2005;356:229-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cccn.2005.01.023
- Okopien B, Krysiak R, Kowalski J, et al. Monocyte release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta in primary type IIa and IIb dyslipidemic patients treated with statins or fibrates. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2005;46:377-86. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.fjc.0000175455.46245.c8
- Okopien B, Krysiak R, Herman ZS. Effects of short-term fenofibrate treatment on circulating markers of inflammation and hemostasis in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:1770-8. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1615
- Kim CJ. Effects of fenofibrate on C-reactive protein levels in hypertriglyceridemic patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006;47:758-63. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.fjc.0000211787.30034.0a
- Haim M, Benderly M, Tanne D, et al. C-reactive protein, bezafibrate, and recurrent coronary events in patients with chronic coronary heart disease. Am Heart J 2007;154:1095-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2007.07.026
- Hiukka A, Westerbacka J, Leinonen ES, et al. Long-term effects of fenofibrate on carotid intima-media thickness and augmentation index in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;52:2190-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008.09.049
- Shin HS, Sung KC, Kim BJ, et al. Effect of exercise on serum C-reactive protein. Korean Circ J 2005;35:533-8. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2005.35.7.533
- Kim SJ, Lee KE, Lee SH, et al. Effect of fibrate on lipoprotein(a) level in hypertriglyceridemic patients. Korean Circ J 2005;35:30-6. https://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2005.35.1.30
- Ridker PM, Rifai N, Pfeffer MA, et al. Inflammation, pravastatin, and the risk of coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Investigators. Circulation 1998;98:839-44. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.98.9.839
- Shen J, Ordovas JM. Impact of genetic and environmental factors on hsCRP concentrations and response to therapeutic agents. Clin Chem 2009;55:256-64.
Cited by
- Fibrates in the management of atherogenic dyslipidemia vol.15, pp.12, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2017.1408410
- Benefits and risks of the treatment with fibrates--a comprehensive summary vol.11, pp.11, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2018.1537780