Journal of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회지)

The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer (한국수정란이식학회)
권호 표지

The Effect of Various Vitrification Methods on Developmental Rate of Mouse Pronuclear Embryos at Different Recovery Times

다양한 유리화 동결 방법이 각 시간대별 생쥐 전핵기 배아의 발달에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2012.01.02
  • Accepted : 2012.01.15
  • Published : 2012.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cryopreservation methods for the effect of various vitrification containers, such as EM-grid, OPS, or cryo-loop on the survival and developmental rate of vitrified mouse pronuclear embryos, and mouse cleavage embryo, at 21, 24, 27 and 30 hr after hCG injection. Post-thaw cleavage was similar among treatments, while the developmental rates of mouse blastocyst and hatched blastocyst were higher ($p$ <0.05) in 27 hr and 30 hr than 21 hr. The developmental rate of hatched blastocyst at vitrified cleavage mouse embryos in cryo-loop was significantly higher than vitrified pronuclear embryos of control group as well as EM-grid and OPS ($p$ <0.05). The developmental rate using cryo-loop was higher than EM-grid, but in case of OPS at vitrified cleavage and mouse pronuclear embryos, no significant difference was noticed. These results of our study show that the developmental rates of mouse embryos were unaffected by various vitrification containers, but in case of mouse embryos and hatched blastocysts at late vitrified pronuclear embryos the developmental rates were higher than early vitrified pronuclear embryos. Moreover, the developmental rate of hatched blastocyst at vitrified cleavage mouse embryos was significantly higher than vitrified pronuclear embryos. For better execution of this study, it will be mandatory to include improvement of vitrification containers, cryopreservation methods and conditions, higher survival rate, safe preservation, contamination and embryo loss.

Keywords

References

  1. Andre TP and Reuben JM. 1996. Cryopreservation of mammalian embryos and oocytes: recent advances. Biotech. Advan. 14:127-149.
  2. Bagis H, Mercan HO, Cetin S and Sekmen S. 2005. The effect of equilibration time on survival and development rates of mouse pronuclear-stage embryos vitrified in solid surface (SSV) and conventional straws: In vitro and In vivo evaluations. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 72:474-501.
  3. Chen SU, Lien YR, Cheng YY, Chen HF, Ho HN and Yang YS. 2001. Vitrification of mouse oocytes using closed pulled straw (CPS) achieves a high survival and preserves good patterms of meiotic spindles, compared with conventional straws, open pulled straws (OPS) and grids. Hum. Reprod. 16:2350-2356.
  4. Choi SJ, Kim SK, Kim JS, Cho JW, Jun JH and Byun HK. 2004. Development of effective cryopreservation method for mouse oocytes. Kor. J. Fertil. Steril. 31:75-81.
  5. Damario MA, Hammit DG, Galantis TM, Session DR and Dumesic, DA. 1999. Pronuclear stage cryopreservation after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and conventional IVF: implications for timing of the freeze. Fertil. Steril. 72:1049-1054.
  6. Dobrinsky JR, Pursel VG, Long CR and Johnson LA. 2000. Brith of piglets after transfer of embryos cryopreserved by cytoskeletal stabilization and vitrification. Biol. Reprod. 62: 564-570.
  7. Hamberger L and Hazekamp J. 2002. Towards singled embryo transfer in IVF. J. Reprod. Immunol. 55:141-148.
  8. Hotamisligil S, Toner M and Powers RD. 1996. Changes in membrane intergrity, cytoskeletal structure, and developmental potential of murine oocytes after vitrification in ethylene glycol. Biol. Reprod. 55:161-168.
  9. Isachenko V, Montag M, Isachenko E, Zaeva V, Krivokharchenko I and Shafei R. 2005. Aseptic technology of vitrification of human pronuclear oocytes using open-pulled straws. Hum. Reprod. 20:492-496.
  10. Jackowski S, Leibo SP and Mazur P. 1980. Glucerol permeablities of fertilized and unfertilized mouse ova. J. Exp. Zool. 212: 329-341.
  11. Kasai M, Komi JH, Takakamo A, Tsudera H, Sakurai T and Machida, T. 1990. A simple method for mouse embryo cryopreservation in a low toxicity vitrification solution, without appreciable loss of viability. J. Reprod. Fertil. 89:91-97.
  12. Kuleshova LL and Shaw JM. 2000. A strategy for rapid cooling of mouse embryos within a double straw to eliminate the risk of contamination during strorage in liquid nitrogen. Hum. Reprod. 15:2604-2609.
  13. Kuwayama M, Hamano S and Nagai T. 1992. Vitrification of bovine blastocysts obtained by in vitro culture of oocytes matured and fertilized in vitro. J. Reprod. Fertil. 96: 187-193.
  14. Kuwayama M, Vajta G, Ieda S and Kato O. 2005. Comparison of open and closed methods for vitrification of human embryos and the elimination of potential comtamination. Reprod. Biomed. Online 11:300-308.
  15. Lane M and Gardner DK. 2001. Vitrification of mouse oocytes using a nylon loop. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 58:342-347.
  16. Lane M, Bavister BD, Lyons EA and Forest KT. 1999. Containerless vitrification of mammalian oocytes and embryos. Nat. Biotechnol. 17:1234-1236.
  17. Lee YJ, Ko DH, Lee TH and Chung KS. 2001. Development of in vitro produced bovine embryos after vitrification with various comtainers. Kor. J. Anim. Reprod. 25: 371-379.
  18. Leibo SP and Oda K. 1993. High survival of mouse zygotes and embryos cooled rapidly or slowly in ethylglycol plus polyvinylpyrrolidone. Cryo-Letters 14:133-144.
  19. Liebermann J and Tucker MJ. 2002. Effect of carrier system on the yield of human oocytes and embroys as assessed by survival and developmental potential after vitrification. Reproduction 124:483-489.
  20. Mahmoudzadeh AR, Van Soom A, Bols P, Ysebaert MT and de Kruif A. 1995. Optimization of a simple vitrification procedure for bovine embryos produced in vitro: Effect of developmental stage, two-step addition of cryoprotectant and sucrose dilution on embryonic survival. J. Reprod. Fertil. 103:33-39.
  21. Martino A, Songsasen N and Leibo SP. 1996. Development into blastocysts of bovine oocytes cryopreserved by ultra-rapid cooling. Biol. Reprod. 54:1059-1069.
  22. Park SE, Chung HM, Cha KY, Hwang WS, Lee ES and Lim JM. 2001. Cryopreservation of ICR mouse oocytes: Improved post-thawed preimplantation development after vitrification using taxol, a cytoskeleton stabilizer. Fertil. Steril. 75:1177-1184.
  23. Park SP, Kim EY, Kim DI, Park NH, Won YS and Yoon SH. 1999. Simple, efficient and successful vitrification of bovine blastocysts using electron microscope grids. Hum. Reprod. 14:2838-2843.
  24. Rall WF and Fahy GH. 1985. Ice-free cryopreservation of mouse embryos at $196^{\circ}C$ by vitrification. Nature 313:573-575.
  25. Seok HB. 2006. Comparison on vitrification of mouse oocytes and embryod using closed pulled straws (CPS), conventional straws and open pulled straws (OPS). J. Emb. Trans. 21:53-58.
  26. Tachikawa S, Otoi T, Kondo S, Machida T and Kasai M. 1993. Successful vitrification of bovine blastocysts, derived by in vitro maturation and fertilization. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 34:266-271.
  27. Vajta G, Holm P, Kuwayama M, Booth PJ, Jacobsen H and Greve T. 1998. Open pulled straw(OPS) vitrification : A new way to reduce cryoinjuries of bovine ova and embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 51:53-58.
  28. Valdez CA, Abas Mazni O, Takahashi Y, Fujikawa S and Kanagawa W. 1992. Successful cryopreservation of mouse blastocysts using a new vitrification solution. J. Reprod. Fert. 96:793-802.
  29. Vanderzwalmen P, Bertin G, Debauche CH, Standaert V, Van Roosendaal E and Vandervorst M. 2003. Vitrification of human blastocysts with the hemi-straw carrier: application of artificial assisted hatching after thawing. Hum. Reprod. 18: 1504-1511.
  30. Veeck LL, Amundson CH, Brothman LJ, DeScisciolo C, Maloney MK and Muasher SJ. 1993. Significantly enhanced pregnancy rates per cycle through cryopreservation and thaw of pronuclear stage oocytes. Fertil. Steril. 59:1202-1207.
  31. Whittngham DG, Leibo SP and Mazur P. 1972. Survival of mouse embryos frozen to $196^{\circ}C$ and $-269^{\circ}C$. Science 178: 411-414.
  32. Yang NS, Lu KH, Gordon I and Polge C. 1992. Vitrification of blastocysts produced in vitro. Theriogenology 37:326.
  33. Yokota Y, Sato S, Yokota M, Ishikawa Y, Makita M and Asada, T. 2000. Successful pregnancy following blastocyst vitrification: case report. Hum. Reprod. 15:1802-1803.