The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

The Korean Society of Pharmacology (대한약리학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Pretreatment of Albino Rats with Methanolic Fruit Extract of $Randia$ $Dumetorum$ (L.) Protects against Alcohol Induced Liver Damage

  • Noorani, Arshad Ali (Department of Pharmacology, Mandsaur Institute of Pharmacy, MIT Campus) ;
  • Kale, Mohan K. (Department of Pharmacology, Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy)
  • Received : 2012.02.10
  • Accepted : 2012.04.04
  • Published : 2012.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Alcohol abuse and its medical and social consequences are a major health problem in many areas of the world. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic fruit extract of $Randia$ $Dumetorum$ (L.) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. Rats were divided into five different groups (n=6), group I served as a control, group II received ethanol (3 ml/100 g/day p.o.), group III served as standard group and received silymarin (50 mg/kg p.o.), group IV and V served as extract treatment groups and received 50 & 100 mg/kg methanolic extract of $R.$ $dumetorum$. All the treatment protocols followed 30 days and after rats were sacrificed blood and liver were used for biochemical and histological studies, respectively. The activities serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB) and lipid peroxidation were statistically increased in rats exposed to alcohol while total protein and glutathione decreased compared to control rats. Treatment with $R.$ $dumetorum$ significantly decreased the elevated levels of ALT, AST, TG, DB, TB and lipid peroxidation compared to the group exposed to alcohol only. $R.$ $dumetorum$ significantly resulted in increased levels of total protein and reduced glutathione compared to the group that received alcohol only. Histology of the liver section of the animals treated with $R.$ $dumetorum$ improved the hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol. Hence the study concluded that $R.$ $dumetorum$ has potential hepatoprotective activity.

Keywords

References

  1. Song HS, Kim HR, Park TW, Cho BJ, Choi MY, Kim CJ, Sohn UD, Sim SS. Antioxidant effect of $CoQ_{10}$ on N-nitrosodiethylamine- induced oxidative stress in mice. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2009;13:321-326. https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2009.13.4.321
  2. Baer JS, Barr HM, Bookstein FL, Sampson PD, Streissguth AP. Prenatal alcohol exposure and family history of alcoholism in the etiology of adolescent alcohol problems. J Stud Alcohol. 1998;59:533-543. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1998.59.533
  3. Inoue M. Protective mechanisms against reactive oxygen species. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2001. 282-290 p.
  4. Balasubramaniyan V, Manju V, Nalini N. Effect of leptin administration on plasma and tissue lipids in alcohol induced liver injury. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2003;22:149-154. https://doi.org/10.1191/0960327103ht337oa
  5. Younes M, Strubelt O. Alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity: a role for oxygen free radicals. Free Radic Res Commun. 1987;3:19-26. https://doi.org/10.3109/10715768709069765
  6. Kessova I, Cederbaum AI. CYP2E1: biochemistry, toxicology, regulation and function in ethanol-induced liver injury. Curr Mol Med. 2003;3:509-518. https://doi.org/10.2174/1566524033479609
  7. Jaeschke H, Gores GJ, Cederbaum AI, Hinson JA, Pessayre D, Lemasters JJ. Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Sci. 2002;65:166-176. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/65.2.166
  8. Friedman SL. Seminars in medicine of the Beth Israel Hospital, Boston. The cellular basis of hepatic fibrosis. Mechanisms and treatment strategies. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:1828-1835. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199306243282508
  9. Wu D, Cederbaum AI. Alcohol, oxidative stress, and free radical damage. Alcohol Res Health. 2003;27:277-284.
  10. Ishii H, Kurose I, Kato S. Pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease with particular emphasis on oxidative stress. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997;12:S272-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00510.x
  11. Bandyopadhyay U, Das D, Banerjee RK. Reactive oxygen species: Oxidative damage and pathogenesis. Current Sci. 1999;77:658-666.
  12. Nadro MS, Arungbemi RM, Dahiru D. Evaluation of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Trop J Pharm Res. 2006;5:539-544.
  13. Park JC, Hur JM, Park JG, Kim SC, Park JR, Choi SH, Choi JW. Effects of methanol extract of Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriense and its principle, hispidulin-7-O-neohesperidoside on hepatic alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and lipid peroxidation in ethanol-treated rats. Phytother Res. 2004;18:19-24. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1299
  14. Ray G, Husain SA. Oxidants, antioxidants and carcinogenesis. Indian J Exp Biol. 2002;40:1213-1232.
  15. Zhou Z, Sun X, James Kang Y. Metallothionein protection against alcoholic liver injury through inhibition of oxidative stress. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2002;227:214-222. https://doi.org/10.1177/153537020222700310
  16. Gupta S, Pandey R, Katyal R, Aggarwal HK, Aggarwal RP, Aggarwal SK. Lipid peroxide levels and antioxidant status in alcoholic liver disease. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2005;20:67-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02893045
  17. Calis I, Yuruker A, Tasdemir D, Wright AD, Sticher O, Luo YD, Pezzuto JM. Cycloartane triterpene glycosides from the roots of Astragalus melanophrurius. Planta Med. 1997;63:183-186. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957642
  18. Boigk G, Stroedter L, Herbst H, Waldschmidt J, Riecken EO, Schuppan D. Silymarin retards collagen accumulation in early and advanced biliary fibrosis secondary to complete bile duct obliteration in rats. Hepatology. 1997;26:643-649. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.510260316
  19. Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian medicinal plants. 2nd ed. India: International Book Distributors Dehradun; 1999. 1760-1764 p.
  20. Khandelwal KR. Practical pharmacognosy techniques and experiments. 10th ed. Pune: Nirali Prakashan; 2003. 149-158 p.
  21. OECD. Guidelines for the testing of chemicals. Paris: OECD; 2001. 1-24 p.
  22. Kumar S, Rao VN, Gouda TS. Hepatoprotective activity of alcoholic and aqueous extract of leaves of Tylophora indica (Linn) in rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2004;37:43-47.
  23. Snell K, Mullock B. Biochemical toxicology: A practical approach. 2nd ed. Oxford: IRL press; 1987. 76-84 p.
  24. Kaviarasan S, Ramamurty N, Gunasekaran P, Varalakshmi E, Anuradha CV. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) seed extract prevents ethanol-induced toxicity and apoptosis in Chang liver cells. Alcohol Alcohol. 2006;41:267-273. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agl020
  25. Wu YS, Salmela KS, Lieber CS. Microsomal acetaldehyde oxidation is negligible in the presence of ethanol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1998;22:1165-1169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03717.x
  26. Raja S, Ahamed KF, Kumar V, Mukherjee K, Bandyopadhyay A, Mukherjee PK. Antioxidant effect of Cytisus scoparius against carbon tetrachloride treated liver injury in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007;109:41-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.06.012
  27. Lieber CS. Ethanol metabolism, cirrhosis and alcoholism. Clin Chim Acta. 1997;257:59-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-8981(96)06434-0
  28. Hoek JB, Pastorino JG. Ethanol, oxidative stress, and cytokineinduced liver cell injury. Alcohol. 2002;27:63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0741-8329(02)00215-X
  29. Hung MY, Fu TY, Shih PH, Lee CP, Yen GC. Du-Zhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.) leaves inhibits CCl4-induced hepatic damage in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2006;44:1424-1431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2006.03.009
  30. Nadro MS, Arungbemi RM, Dahiru D. Evaluation of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. Trop J Pharm Res. 2006;5:539-544.
  31. Kabuto H, Hasuike S, Minagawa N, Shishibori T. Effects of bisphenol A on the metabolisms of active oxygen species in mouse tissues. Environ Res. 2003;93:31-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(03)00062-8
  32. Speisky H, MacDonald A, Giles G, Orrego H, Israel Y. Increased loss and decreased synthesis of hepatic glutathione after acute ethanol administration. Turnover studies. Biochem J. 1985;225:565-572. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2250565
  33. Bhandarkar MR, Khan A. Antihepatotoxic effect of Nymphaea stellata willd., against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in albino rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;91:61-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.11.020
  34. Jurczuk M, Brzoska MM, Moniuszko-Jakoniuk J, Galazyn-Sidorczuk M, Kulikowska-Karpinska E. Antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid peroxidation in liver and kidney of rats exposed to cadmium and ethanol. Food Chem Toxicol. 2004;42:429-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2003.10.005
  35. Di Carlo G, Mascolo N, Izzo AA, Capasso F. Flavonoids: old and new aspects of a class of natural therapeutic drugs. Life Sci. 1999;65:337-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00120-4
  36. Allan L, Miller ND. Antioxidant flavonoids: Structure, function and clinical usage. Alternative Med Rev. 1996;1:103.
  37. Tapas AR, Sakarkar DM, Kakde RB. Flavonoids as nutraceuticals: A review. Trop J Pharm Res. 2008;7:1089-1099.

Cited by

  1. Heat-Killed Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus johnsonii Reduce Liver Injury Induced by Alcohol In Vitro and In Vivo vol.21, pp.12, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21111456
  2. Animal Models of Alcoholic Liver Disease for Hepatoprotective Activity Evaluation vol.41, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20214107007
  3. Catunaregam spinosa (Thunb.) Tirveng: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Toxicological Aspects vol.2021, pp.None, 2012, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3257732