References
- Aaker, D. A., & Stayman, D. M.(1990). Measuring audience perceptions of commercials and relating them to Ad impact. Journal of Advertising Research, 30(4), 7-18.
- Abelson, R. P.(1988). Conviction. American Psychologist, 43(4), 267-275. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.43.4.267
- Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W.(1987). Dimensions of consumer expertise. The Journal of Consumer Research, 13(4), 411-454. https://doi.org/10.1086/209080
- Bagozzi, R. P., & Youjae, Y.(1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74-94. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02723327
- Barden, J., & Petty, R. B.(2008). The mere perception of elaboration creates attitude certainty: Exploring the thoughtfulness heuristic. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(3), 489-509. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012559
- Bennett, P. D., & Harrell, G. D.(1975). The role of confidence in understanding and predicting buyers' attitudes and purchase intentions. Journal of Consumer Research, 2(2), 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1086/208622
- Bentler, P. M., & Speckart, G.(1979). Models of attitude-behavior relations. Psychological Review, 86(5), 452-464. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.86.5.452
- Berger, I. E.(1992). The nature of attitude accessibility and attitude confidence: A triangulated experiment. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 1(2), 103-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1057-7408(08)80052-6
- Berger, I. E., & Mitchell, A. A.(1989). The effect of advertising on attitude accessibility, attitude confidence, and the attitude-behavior relationship. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(3), 269-279. https://doi.org/10.1086/209213
- Bhatnagar, A., Misra, S., & Rao, H. R.(2000). On risk, convenience, and Internet shopping behavior. Communications of the ACM, 43, 98-105.
- Bickart, B., & Schindler, R. M.(2001). Internet forums as influential sources of consumer information Journal of Interactive Marketing 15(3), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.1014
- Brown, M., Pope, N., & Voges, K.(2003). Buying or browsing? European Journal of Marketing, 37(11/12), 1666-1684. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560310495401
- Cacioppo, J. T., Petty, R. E., Kao, C. F., & Rodriguez, R.(1986). Central and peripheral routes to persuasion: An individual difference perspective Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 51(5), 1032-1043. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.5.1032
- Chaiken, S.(1980). Heuristic versus systematic information processing and the use of source versus messgae cues in persuasion. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 39(5), 752-766. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.752
- Chen, Q., & Wells, W. D.(1999). Attitude toward the Site. Journal of Advertising Research, 39, 27-37.
- Dabholkar, P. A., & Bagozzi, R. P.(2002). An attitudinal model of technology-based selfservice: Moderating effects of consumer traits and situational factors. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 30(3), 184-201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070302303001
- Davidson, A. R., Yantis, S., Norwood, M., & Montano, D. E.(1985). Amount of information about the attitude object and attitude-behavior consistency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(5), 1184-1198. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.49.5.1184
- Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22(14), 1111-1132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x
- Demangeot, C., & Broderick, A. J.(2010). Consumer perceptions of online shopping environments: A gestalt approach. Psychology and Marketing, 27(2), 117-140. doi: 10.1002/mar.20323
- Dennis, C., Harris, L., & Sandhu, B.(2002). From bricks to clicks: Understanding the e-consumer. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 5(4), 281-290. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522750210443236
- Ducoffe, R. H.(1995). How consumers assess the value of advertising. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 17(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.1995.10505022
- Ducoffe, R. H.(1996). Advertising value and advertising the web. Journal of Advertising Research, 36(5), 21-35.
- Ducoffe, R. H., & Curlo, E.(2000). Advertising value and advertising processing. Journal of Marketing Communications, 6(4), 247-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/135272600750036364
- Edwards, S. M.(2007). Motivations for using the Internet and its implications for Internet advertising In D. W. Schumann & E. Thorson (Eds.), Internet advertising theory and research (pp. 91-119). Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
- Edwards, S. M., Li, H., & Lee, J.-H.(2002). Forced exposure and psychological reactance: Antecedents and consequences of the perceived intrusiveness of pop-up ads. Journal of Advertising, 31(3), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2002.10673678
- Eighmey, J.(1997). Profiling user responses to commercial web sites. Journal of Advertising Research, 37(3), 59-66.
- Eighmey, J., & McCord, L.(1998). Adding value in the information age: Uses and gratifications of sites on the World Wide Web. Journal of Business Research, 41(3), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00061-1
- Evans, P. F., Sehgal, V., Bugnaru, C., & McGoan, B.(2009). US online retail forecast, 2008 to 2013. In Forrester (Ed.), (Feburary 2, 2009 ed.): Forester Research Inc.
- Fazio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P.(1978a). Attitudinal qualities relating to the strength of the attitudebehavior relationship. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 14(4), 398-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(78)90035-5
- Fazio, R. H., & Zanna, M. P.(1978b). On the predictive validity of attitudes: The roles of direct experience and confidence 1. Journal of Personality, 46(2), 228-243. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1978.tb00177.x
- Feldman, J. M., & Lynch, J. G.(1988). Self-generated validity and other effects of measurement on belief, attitude, intention and behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73(3), 421-435. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.73.3.421
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F.(1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
- Forsythe, S. M., & Shi, B.(2003). Consumer patronage and risk perceptions in Internet shopping. Journal of Business Research, 56(11), 867-875. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(01)00273-9
- Freeman, L.(2000). Keeping 'em happy. Marketing Letters, 34(10), 21.
- Glasman, L. R., Albarracín, D.(2006). Forming attitudes that predict future behavior: A meta-analysis of the attitude-behavior relation. Psychological Bulletin, 132(5), 778-822. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.5.778
- Graeff, T. R.(1997). Comprehending product attributes and benefits: The role of product knowledge and means-end chain inferences. Psychology & Marketing, 14(2), 163-183. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6793(199703)14:2<163::AID-MAR4>3.0.CO;2-B
- Gross, S. R., Holtz, R., & Miller, N.(1995). Attitude certainty In R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 215-245). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
- Hausman, A. V., & Siekpe, J. S.(2009). The effect of web interface features on consumer online purchase intentions. Journal of Business Research, 62(1), 5-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.01.018
- Hirschman, E. C., & Holbrook, M. B.(1982). Hedonic consumption: Emerging concepts, methods and propositions. Journal of Marketing, 46(3), 92-101. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251707
- Hoffman, D. L., & Novak, T. P.(1997). A new marketing paradigm for electronic commerce. Information Society, 13(1), 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/019722497129278
- Huang, P., Lurie, N. H., & Mitra, S.(2009). Searching for experience on the web: An empirical examination of consumer behavior for search and experience goods. Journal of Marketing, 73(2), 55-69. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.73.2.55
- Igbaria, M., Parasuraman, S., & Baroudi, J. J.(1996). A motivational model of microcomputer usage. Journal of Management Information Systems, 13(1), 127-143.
- Jepsen, A. L.(2007). Factors affecting consumer use of the Internet for information search. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 21(3), 21-34. https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.20083
- Kang, Y.-S., & Kim, Y. J.(2006). Do visitors' interest level and perceived quantity of web page content matter in shaping the attitude toward a web site? Decision Support Systems, 42(2), 1187-1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2005.10.004
- Katerattanakul, P.(2002). Framework of effective web site design for business-to-consumer internet commerce. INFOR, 40(1), 57-70.
- Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M.(1973). Uses and gratifications research. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 37(4), 509-523. https://doi.org/10.1086/268109
- Katz, E., Haas, H., & Gurevitch, M.(1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. American Sociological Review, 38(2), 164-181. https://doi.org/10.2307/2094393
- Kempf, D. S., & Smith, R. E.(1998). Consumer processing of product trial and the influence of prior advertising: A structural modeling approach. Journal of Marketing Research 35(3), 325-338. https://doi.org/10.2307/3152031
- Kim, H., & Damhorst, M. L.(2010). The relationship of body-related self-discrepancy to body dissatisfaction, apparel involvement, concerns with fit and size of garments, and purchase intentions in online apparel shopping. Clothing and Textiles Research Journal, 28(4), 239-254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0887302X10379266
- Ko, H., Cho, C.-H., & Roberts, M. S.(2005). Internet uses and gratifications: A structural equation model of interactive advertising. Journal of Advertising, 34(2), 57-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2005.10639191
- Korgaonkar, P. K., & Wolin, L. D.(1999). A multivariate analysis of Web usage. Journal of Advertising Research, 39, 53-68.
- Koriat, A., Lichtenstein, S., & Fischhoff, B.(1980). Reasons for confidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6(2), 107-118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.6.2.107
- Krishnan, H. S., & Smith, R. E.(1998). The relative endurance of attitudes, confidence, and attitudebehavior consistency: The role of information source and delay. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 7(3), 273-298. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp0703_03
- Krosnick, J. A., & Petty, R. E.(1995). Attitude strength: An overview. In R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 1-24). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
- Laroche, M., Kim, C., & Zhou, L.(1996). Brand familiarity and confidence as determinants of purchase intention: An empirical test in a multiple brand context. Journal of Business Research, 37(2), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-2963(96)00056-2
- Lee, W.-N., & Choi, S. M.(2005). The role of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism in online consumers' responses toward persuasive communication on the web. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(1), 317-336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.tb00315.x
- Lin, C. A.(1996). Looking back: The contribution of Blumler and Katz's uses of mass communication. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 40(4), 574-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838159609364379
- Luo, X.(2002). Uses and gratifications theory and e-consumer behaviors: A structural equation modeling study. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 2(2), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2002.10722060
- Lynch, J. G., Marmorstein, H., & Weigold, M. F. (1988). Choices from sets including remembered brands: Use of recalled attributes and prior overall evaluations. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(2), 169-184. https://doi.org/10.1086/209155
- MacKenzie, S. B., & Lutz, R. J.(1989). An empirical examination of the structural antecedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context. Journal of Marketing, 53(2), 48-65. https://doi.org/10.2307/1251413
- McGuire, W. J.(1974). Psychological motives and communication gratification. In J. G. Blumer & E. Katz (Eds.), The uses of mass communications. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
- Negash, S., Ryan, T., & Igbaria, M.(2003). Quality and effectiveness in Web-based customer support systems. Information & Amp; Management, 40(8), 757-768. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(02)00101-5
- Oskamp, S.(1965). Overconfidence in case-study judgments. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29(3), 261-265. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022125
- Perse, E. M., & Courtright, J. A.(1993). Normative images of communication media mass and interpersonal channels in the new media environment. Human Communication Research, 19(4), 485-503. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1993.tb00310.x
- Peterson, D. K., & Pitz, G. F.(1988). Confidence, uncertainty, and the use of information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 14(1), 85-92. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.14.1.85
- Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T.(1981). Attitudes and persuasion: Classic and contemporary approaches. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
- Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T.(1986). Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change. New York: Springer.
- Petty, R. E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Schumann, D. (1983). Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness: The moderating role of involvement. Journal of Consumer Research, 10(2), 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1086/208954
- Petty, R. E., Haugtvedt, C. P., & Smith, S. M. (1995). Elaboration as a determinant of attitude strength: Creating attitudes that are persistent, resistant, and predictive of behavior. In R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 93-130). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- Putrevu, S., & Lord, K. R.(1994). Comparative and noncomparative advertising: Attitudinal effects under cognitive and affective involvement conditions. Journal of Advertising, 23(2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1994.10673443
- Quarterly retail e-commerce sales: 4th quarter 2011. (2012). Retrieved Feburary 29, 2012, from U.S. Census Bureau News http://www.census.gov/retail/mrts/www/data/pdf/ec_current.pdf
- Richard, M.-O., Chebat, J.-C., Yang, Z., & Putrevu, S.(2010). A proposed model of online consumer behavior: Assessing the role of gender. Journal of Business Research, 63(9-10), 926-934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.02.027
- Rodgers, W., Negash, S., & Suk, K.(2005). The moderating effect of on-line experience on the antecedents and consequences of on-line satisfaction. Psychology and Marketing, 22(4), 313-331. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20061
- Rubin, A. M.(1994). Media uses and effects: A uses-and-gratification perspective. In J. Bryant & D. Zillman (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 417-436). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrences Erlbaum Associates.
- Rubin, A. M., & Perse, E. M.(1987). Audience activity and television news gratifications. Communication Research, 14(1), 58-84. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365087014001004
- Rucker, D. D., & Petty, R. E.(2004). When resistance is futile: Consequences of failed counterarguing for attitude certainty. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86(2), 219-235. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.86.2.219
- Ruggiero, T. E.(2000). Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century. Mass Communication & Society, 3(1), 3-37. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327825MCS0301_02
- Sheppard, B. H., Hartwick, J., & Warshaw, P. R. (1988). The theory of reasoned action: A metaanalysis of past research with recommendations for modifications and future research. Journal of Consumer Research, 15(3), 325-343. https://doi.org/10.1086/209170
- Smith, R. E., & Swinyard, W. R.(1983). Attitudebehavior consistency: The impact of product trial versus advertising. Journal of Marketing Research, 20(3), 257-267. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151829
- Smith, R. E., & Swinyard, W. R.(1988). Cognitive response to advertising and trial: Belief strength, belief confidence and product curiosity. Journal of Advertising, 17(3), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.1988.10673118
- Stafford, T. F., Stafford, M. R., & Schkade, L. L.(2004). Determining uses and gratifications for the internet. Decision Sciences, 35(2), 259-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.00117315.2004.02524.x
- Sujan, M.(1985). Consumer knowledge: Effects on evaluation strategies mediating consumer judgments. Journal of Consumer Research, 12(1), 31-46. https://doi.org/10.1086/209033
- Teo, T. S. H.(2001). Demographic and motivation variables associated with Internet usage activities Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 11(2), 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/10662240110695089
- Teo, T. S. H., & Yu, Y.(2005). Online buying behavior: A transaction cost economics perspective. Omega, 33(5), 451-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2004.06.002
- Tormala, Z. L., & Petty, R. E.(2002). What doesn't kill me makes me stronger: The effects of resisting persuasion on attitude certainty. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(6), 1298-1313. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.83.6.1298
- van der Heijden, H.(2003). Factors influencing the usage of websites: the case of a generic portal in The Netherlands. Information & Amp; Management, 40(6), 541-549. doi: 10.1016/s0378-7206(02)00079-4
- Wan, E. W., Rucker, D. D., Tormala, Z. L., & Clarkson, J. J.(2010). The effect of regulatory depletion on attitude certainty. Journal of Marketing Research 47(3), 531-541. doi: 10.1509/jmkr.47.3.531
- Zhou, Z., & Bao, Y.(2002). Users' attitudes toward Web advertising: Effects of internet motivation and internet ability. Advances in Consumer Research, 29(1), 71-78.