대한환경공학회지 (Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)

  • 제34권5호
  • /
  • Pages.335-344
  • /
  • 2012
  • /
  • 1225-5025(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2383-7810(eISSN)
대한환경공학회 (Korean Society of Environmental Engineers)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

국내 주요 수계 표층 퇴적물 중 HCB와 DDTs의 농도분포 특성에 관한 연구

Study on Contration Distribution of HCB and DDTs in River Sediments of Korea

  • 박종은 (전북대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 이상천 (경남대학교 나노신소재공학과) ;
  • 홍종기 (경희대학교 약학대학 약학과) ;
  • 김종국 (전북대학교 환경공학과)
  • Park, Jong-Eun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Chun (Department of Nano Science and Engineering, Kyungnam University) ;
  • Hong, Jong-Ki (College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Guk (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University)
  • 투고 : 2012.04.20
  • 심사 : 2012.05.29
  • 발행 : 2012.05.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구에서는 우리나라 대표적인 4대강 수계의 퇴적물을 대상으로 HCB와 DDTs 농도분포 특성에 대해 검토하였다. HCB 농도는 한강 0.41~3.80(평균 1.58) ng/g, 낙동강 0.08~6.09(평균 0.90) ng/g, 금강 0.02~0.97(평균 0.30) ng/g, 영산강 0.28~0.59(평균 0.42) ng/g, 섬진강 0.23~0.48(평균 0.32) ng/g 으로 검출되었다. DDTs 농도는 한강 0.67~14.20(평균 4.76) ng/g, 낙동강 N.D.~10.36(평균 1.81) ng/g, 금강 N.D.~7.26(평균 1.87) ng/g, 영산강 N.D.~3.12(평균 1.08) ng/g 및 섬진강에서 0.02~2.04(평균 0.56) ng/g으로 검출되었다. 우리나라 하천 퇴적물 중 HCB와 DDTs 농도는 다른 나라의 강이나 하구언 퇴적물 농도와 비교해도 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 퇴적물 시료에서 검출된 농도를 미국해양기상연구소가 제시한 퇴적물권고기준치와 비교한 결과 HCB의 농도는 모두 ERL 값에 크게 미치지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. DDTs의 경우 46개 시료에서 ERL(1.58 ng/g)을 초과하는 농도를 나타내어 현재 퇴적물 중 DDTs 농도가 저서생물에 위해한 영향을 줄 것으로 예상되는 수준은 아니나 지속적인 관찰이 요구되는 것으로 판단되었다.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (DDT) were determined in surface sediments collected from main rivers of Korea. Concentration of HCB in sediments ranged from 0.41 to 3.82 (average 1.58) ng/g, 0.08 to 6.09 (average 0.90) ng/g, 0.02 to 0.97 (average 0.30) ng/g, 0.28 to 0.59 (average 0.42) ng/g and 0.23 to 0.48 (average 0.32) ng/g in Han river, Nakdong river, Geum river, Yeongsan and Seomjin river respectively. The DDTs concentration was ranged from 0.67 to 14.20 (average 4.76) ng/g, N.D. to 10.36 (average 1.81) ng/g, N.D. to 7.26 (average 1.87) ng/g, N.D. to 3.12 (average 1.08) ng/g and 0.02 to 2.04 (average 0.56) ng/g in Han river, Nakdong river, Geum river, Yeongsan and Seomjin river respectively. In comparison with the concentration of HCB and DDTs in other studies, the values in sediments of this study were lower than those of other countries. Comparison with that Sediment quality guideline (SQG) of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the HCB levels of this study were very lower than Effect Range Low (ERL) value. In the case of DDTs, the concentrations of 46 points were higher than ERL (1.58 ng/g). It have not harmful effect on ecosystem of the sediment, however ongoing monitoring of sediments is deemed necessary.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : 국립환경과학원

참고문헌

  1. Seung-Kyu Kim, Jong Seong Khim, Kyu-Tae Lee, John P. Giesy, "Kurunthachalam Kannan, Dong-Soo Lee and Chul-Hwan Koh, Emission, Contamination and Exposure, Fate and Transport, and National Management Strategy of Persistent Organic Pollutants in South Korea," Developments in Environ. Sci., 7, ISSN: 1474-8177/DOI:10.1016/S1474-8177(07)07002-7(2007).
  2. 김병훈, 이지훈, 기획특집: "국내 잔류성 유기오염물질(POPs)의 정책 및 관리 방향," KIC News, 13(5), (2010).
  3. 잔류성 유기화학물질(POPs)의 국내 규제현황, 환경부(2000).
  4. 내분비계 장애물질 측정분석방법, 국립환경과학원(2002).
  5. 잔류성유기오염물질(POPs) 측정 분석방법 연구(I), 국립환경과학원(2006).
  6. Draft PBT National Action Plan For Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) for Public Review Prepared by The USEPA Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Pollutants (PBT) HCB Workgroup (2000).
  7. Oliver, B. G. and Pugsley, C. W., "Chlorinated contaminants in St. Clair River sediments," Water Pollut. Res. J. Can., 21, 368-379(1986).
  8. NRCD (Natural Resources Defense Council), Report of the Niagara River Toxics Committee. U.S Environmental Protection Agency, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Environment Canada, and New York State Department of Environmental conservation, Albany, and Toronto(1984).
  9. Merriman, J. C., "Distrubution of organic contaminants in water and suspended solids of the Rainy River," Water Pollut. Res. J. Can., 23, 590-600(1988).
  10. OME (Ontario Ministry of the Environment), St. Lawrence River environmental investigation, 3. Sediment quality of the St. Lawrence River near Maitland, 1984, W.D. Wilkins Associates, prepared for Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto(1989).
  11. Oliver, B. G. and Bourbonniere, R. A., "Chlorinated contaminants in surficial sediments of lakes Huron, St. Clair, and Erie: Implications regarding sources along the St. Clair and Detroit river," J. Great Lakes Res., 11, 366-372(1985). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(85)71780-7
  12. Nhan, D. D., Am, N. M., Carvalho, F. P., Villeneuve, J. P. and Cattini, C., "Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs along the coast of north Vietnam," Sci. Total Environ., 237/238, 363-371(1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00149-7
  13. Fillmann, G., Readman, J. W., Tolosa, I., Bartocci, J., Villeneuve, J.-P., Cattini, C. and Mee, L. D., "Persistent organochlorine residues in sediment from the Black Sea," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 44, 122-133(2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00188-6
  14. de Mora, S., Villeneuve, J., Sheikholeslami, M. R., Cattini, C. and Tolosa, I., "Organochlorinated compounds in Caspian Sea sediments," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 48, 30-43(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2003.10.001
  15. Nhan, D. D., Carvalho, F. P., Am, N. M., Tuan, N. Q., Yen, N. T. H., Villeneuve, J. P. and Cattini, C., "Chlorinated pesticides and PCBs in sediments and molluscs from freshwater canals in the Hanoi region," Environ. Pollut., 112, 311-320(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00149-4
  16. Hong, S. H., Yim, U. H., Shim, W. J., Oh, J. R. and Lee, I. S., "Horizontal and vertical distribution of PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in sediments from Masan Bay," Korea Mar. Pollut. Bull., 46, 244-253(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00399-5
  17. Iwata, H., Tanabe, S., Ueda, K. and Tatsukawa, R., "Persistent organochlorine residues in air, water, sediments, and soils from the Lake Baikal region," Russia Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 792-801(1995). https://doi.org/10.1021/es00003a030
  18. Lee, C., Song, H. and Fang, M., "Pollution topography of chlorobenzenes and hexachlorobutadiene in sediments along the Kaohsiung coast, Taiwan-a comparison of two consecutive year's survey with statistical interpretation," Chemosphere, 58, 1503-1516(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.095
  19. Matthai, C. and Birch, G. F., "Trace metals and organochlorines in sediments near a major ocean outfall on a high energy continental margin (Sydney, Australia)," Environ. Pollut., 110, 411-423(2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00325-5
  20. Strandberg, B., Strandberg, L., Bavel, B., Bergqvist, P. A., Broman, D., "Falandysz, J., Naf, C., Papakosta, O., Rolff, C. and Rappe, C., Concentrations and spatial variations of cyclodienes and other organochlorines in herring and perch from the Baltic Sea," Sci. Total Environ., 215, 69-83(1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(98)00114-4
  21. Lee, C. L., Song, H. J. and Fang, M. D., "Concentrations of chlorobenzenes, hexachlorobutadiene and heavy metals in surficial sediments of Kaohsiung coast Taiwan," Chemosphere, 41, 97-107(2000).
  22. Lee, C. L. and Fang, M. D., "Sources and distribution of chlorobenzenes and hexachlorobutadiene in surficial sediments along the coast of southwestern Taiwan," Chemosphere, 35, 2039-2050(1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(97)00237-3
  23. Sbriz, L., Aquino, M. R., Rodriguez, N. M. A., Fowler, S. and Sericano, J. L., "Levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons and trace metals in bivalves and nearshore sediment from the Dominican Republic," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 36, 971-979(1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(98)00097-6
  24. Guruge, K. S. and Tanabe, S., "Contamination by persistent organochlorines and butyltin compounds in the west coast of Srilanka," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 42, 179-186(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00140-5
  25. Zhou, R. B., Zhu, L.Z., Yang, K. and Chen, Y. Y., "Distribution of organochlorine pesticides in surface water and sediments from Qiantang River," East China. Hazard. Materials, A137, 68-75(2006).
  26. Wu, Y., Zhang, J. and Zhou, Q., "Persistnet organochlorines residues in sediments from Chinese river/estuary systems," Environ. Pollut., 105, 143-150(1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00160-2
  27. Fung, C. N.. Zheng, G. J.. Connell, D. W., Zhang, X., Wong, H.L., Giesy, J. P., Fang, Z. and Lam., P. K. S., "Risks posed by trace organic contaminants in coastal sediments in the Pearl River Delta, China" Mar. Pollut. Bull., 50, 1036-1049(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.02.040
  28. Yang, R. Q., Lv, A. H., Shi, J. B. and Jiang, G. B., "The levels and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediments from the Haihe River, China," Chemosphere 61, 347-354(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.02.091
  29. Zhang, Z. L., Huang, J., Yu, G. and Hong H. S., "Occurrence of PAHs, PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in the Tonghui River of Beijing, China" Environ. Pollut., 130, 249-261(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2003.12.002
  30. Yuan, D., Yang, D., Wade, T. L. and Qian, Y., "Status of persistent organic pollutants in the sediment from several estuaries in China," Environ. Pollut., 114, 101-111(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(00)00200-1
  31. Zhang, Z. L., Hong, H. S., Zhou, J. L., Huang, J. and Yu, G., "Fate and assessment of persistent organic pollutants in waster and sediment from Minjiang River Estuary," Southeast China," Chemosphere, 52, 1423-1430(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(03)00478-8
  32. Richardson, B. J., Zheng. and G. J., "Chorinated hydrocarbon contaminats in Hong Kong surficial sediments," Chemosphere, 39, 913-923(1999). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00041-7
  33. Liu, M., Yang, Y., Hou, L., Xu, S., Ou, D., Zhang, B. and Liu, Q., "Chlorinated organic contaminants in surface sediments from the Yangtze Estuary and nearby coastal areas, China," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 46, 659-676(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00088-2
  34. Nakata, H., Hirakawa, Y., Kawazoe, M., Nakabo, T., Arizono, K., Abe, S.-I., Kitano, T., Shimada, H., Watanabe, I., Li, W., Ding, X., "Concentrations and compositions of organochlorine contaminants in sediments, soils, crustaceans, fishes and birds collected from Lake Tai, Hangzhou Bay and Shanghai city region, China" Environ. Pollut., 133, 415-429(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2004.07.003
  35. Chang, S. M. and Doong, R. A., "Concentration and fate of persistent organochlorine pesticides in estuarine sediments using headspace solid-phase microextraction," Chemosphere, 62, 1869-1878(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.07.023
  36. Doong, R. A., Peng, C. K., Sun, Y. C. and Liao, P. L., "Composition and distribution of organochlorine pesticide residues in surface sediments from the Wu-Shi River estuary, Taiwan," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 45, 246-253(2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00102-9
  37. Iwata, H., Tanabe, S., Sakai, N., Nishimura, A. and, Tassukawa, R., "Geographical distributions of persistent organochlorines in air, water and sediments from Asia and Oceania and their implications for global redistribution from lower latitudes," Environ. Pollut., 85, 15-33(1994). https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(94)90234-8
  38. Pandit, G. G., Mohan Rao, A. M., Jha, S. K., Krishnamoorthy, T. M. and Kale, S. P., "Raghu, K. et al., Monitoring of organochlorine pesticide residues in the Indian marine environment," Chemosphere, 44, 301-305(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00179-X
  39. Sapozhnikova, Y., Bawardi, O. and Schlenk, D., "Pesticides and PCBs in sediments and fish from the Salton Sea, California, USA," Chemosphere, 55, 797-809(2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.12.009
  40. Brevik, E. M., Grande, M., Knutzen, J., Polder A. and Skaare, J. U., "DDT contamination of fish and sediments from Lake Orsjoen, Southern Norway: Comparison of data from 1975 and 1994," Chemosphere, 33(11), 2189-2200(1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(96)00307-4
  41. Barakat, A. O., Kim, M., Qian, Y. and Wade, T. L., "Organochlorine pesticides and PCB residues in sediments of Alexandria harbour, Egypt," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 44, 1421-1434(2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00306-5
  42. Guruge, K. S. and Tanabe, S., "Contamination by persistent organochlorines and butyltin compounds in the west coast of Srilanka," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 42, 179-186(2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00140-5
  43. Zheng, M. H., Chu, S. G., Sheng, G. Y., Min, Y. S., Bao, Z. C. and Xu, X. B., "Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in surface sediments from Pearl River delta in China," Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 66, 504-507(2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-001-0035-9
  44. Covaci, A., Gheorghe, A., Voorspoels, S., Maervoet, J., Redeker, E. S., Blust, R. and Schepens, P., "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in sediment cores from the Western Scheldt river (Belgium): analytical aspects and depth profiles," Environ. International, 31, 367-375(2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2004.08.009
  45. Covaci, A., Gheorghe, A., Hulea, O. and Schepens, P., "Levels and distribution of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments and biota from the Danube Delta, Romania," Environ. Pollut., 140, 136-149(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2005.06.008
  46. 국립환경연구원, 내분비계 장애물질의 환경 중 거동 연구(2002).
  47. 홍상희, 임운혁, 심원준, 오재룡, "광양만내 지속성유기염소계화합물의 잔류농도 및 분포특성," 환경생물학회지, 22, 30-37(2004).
  48. 홍상희, 심원준, 이동호, 임운혁, 오재룡, 김은수, "새만금 해양환경에서의 잔류성 유기염소계 농약의 분포 및 특성," Ocean and Polar Res., 28(3), 317-329(2006). https://doi.org/10.4217/OPR.2006.28.3.317
  49. Hong, S. H., Yim, U. H., Shim, W. J., Oh, J. R., Lee, I. S., "Horizontal and vertical distribution of PCBs and chlorinated pesticides in sediments from Masan Bay, Korea," Mar. Pollut. Bull., 46, 244-253(2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(02)00399-5
  50. Hong, S. H., Yim, U. H., Shim, W. J., Li, D. H. and Oh, J. R., "Nationwide monitoring of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in sediments from coastal environment of Korea," Chemosphere, 64, 1479-1488(2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.056
  51. NOAA, "The potential for biological effects of Sedimentsorbed contaminants tested in the national status and trends program," In: Long ER, Morgan LG (eds) NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52 NOAA, Seattle, USA(1991).