한국작물학회지 (KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE)

  • 제57권4호
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  • Pages.331-336
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  • 2012
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  • 0252-9777(pISSN)
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  • 2287-8432(eISSN)
한국작물학회 (The Korean Society of Crop Science)
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밀 기계화 작업체계에 의한 노력 절감 효과

Effect of Mechanical Working System on Labor-Saving in Wheat Cultivation

  • 김학신 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김영진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 김경훈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 이광원 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 신상현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 정영근 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부) ;
  • 박기훈 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 벼맥류부)
  • 투고 : 2012.08.06
  • 심사 : 2012.09.25
  • 발행 : 2012.12.31
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초록

밀 재배면적 확대를 위해서는 노력절감을 통하여 생산비를 낮추고 농가 소득의 증가와 더불어 수입산 밀과의 경쟁력을 향상시키고자 밀 재배 작업의 단계별 체계적인 기계화로 노력절감 및 기계 이용효율 효과를 분석한 다음과 같다. 1. 밀 재배 작업 중 복토작업이 ha당 683분이 소요되어 작업소요시간이 가장 길었으며, 파종단계인 파종, 시비와 복토작업을 한번에 할 수 있는 동시작업기 이용, 제초제 살포는 승용살포기 이용으로 노력절감을 최소화 할 수 있었다. 2. 밀 파종에서 수확까지의 작업 소요시간은 ha당 부분 기계화 작업인 관행(인력)의 118시간 대비 트랙터부 착용 살포기로 밑거름 시비와 파종+트랙터부착용 배토기로 복토+승용관리기 제초제 살포+트랙터부착용 살포기로 웃거름 살포+콤바인 수확 작업체계(작업체계 I)에서 26시간으로 78% 절감되었으며, 작업체계 I에서 파종단계인 시비, 파종, 복토 작업을 트랙터부착용 동시작업기 활용 작업(작업체계 II)으로 18시간으로 85%가 절감되었다. 3. 밀의 생육, 수량구성요소 등 모두 인력에 비해 기계파종이 짧거나 적어서 수량도 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 기계파종 방법에 따라 적합한 파종량 설정에 관한 연구가 요구되어 졌다. 4. 기계화에 따른 기계비용 부담을 감안하여 볼 때 손익분기점은 작업체계 I은 3.7ha, 작업체계 II는 4.2 ha로 판단되었으며, 농가 소득은 ha당 각각 778,110원, 849,930원이 향상되는 효과가 있었다.

This study was carried out to evaluate the wheat cultivation system to reduce costs and mechanize wheat production. A field study was conducted for 2 years (2009 to 2010) at the National institute of crop science, Iksan, Korea. We used working system I and working system II for the experiment. Working system I is used a multiple machine attached with a spreader tractor (seeding, fertilization, seed coverage, and weed control functionality) and working system II is used a multiple machine with a tractor which works for simultaneous job when seeding step (seeding, fertilization, and seed coverage). Sowing to harvesting operation time is 118 hours/ha for mechanize with conventional planting. Working system I is a multiple machine and a combine machine with a tractor, which worked 26 hours/ha lower than conventional planting. Working system II is 18 hours/ha lower than conventional planting. The reduced work efforts of working system I and II were 78% and 85% respectively. The growth and yield of wheat according to working system I and II is lower than conventional planting. Therefore, a multiple machine needs to study for appropriate seeding rate. Mechanization cost in consideration of the mechanical break-even point when the working system I is 3.7 ha and working system II is 4.2 ha. The farm income is enhanced by working system I (778,110 won/ha) and working system II (849,930 won/ha). The results showed that application of a multiple machine lowered costs of wheat production.

키워드

참고문헌

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피인용 문헌

  1. Heading Date and Growth Character of Korean Wheat Cultivars by Controlling Photoperiod for Rapid Generation Advancement vol.52, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2020.52.1.20
  2. Past and Current Status, and Prospect of Winter Cereal Crops Research for Food and Forage in Korea vol.52, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2020.52.s.73