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Incidence and Cinical Characteristics of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumococcal Pneumonia: Comparisons with Non-Pneumoccocal Pathogens

폐렴구균 중증지역사회획득폐렴의 빈도 및 임상적 특징: 비폐렴구균과의 비교

  • Lee, Seok-Won (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Park, Ji-Young (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • An, Young-Hwan (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Jang, Gil-Su (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kim, So-Yeon (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • An, Jung-Sun (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Hong, Eun-Yeong (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kang, Dong-Hoon (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Lim, Soo-Young (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Ho-Joong (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Yeon (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Song, Su-Hee (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Rul-Bin (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Kyun (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Park, Sung-Hoon (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Kim, Dong-Kyu (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital) ;
  • Jung, Ki-Sung (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital)
  • 이석원 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 박지영 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 안영환 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 장길수 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 김소연 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 안정선 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 홍은영 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 강동훈 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 임수영 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 김호중 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 이성연 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 송수희 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 김율빈 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 김용균 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 박성훈 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 김동규 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과) ;
  • 정기석 (한림대학교 성심병원 호흡기알레르기내과)
  • Published : 2012.01.01

Abstract

Background/Aims: Only limited data are available on severe community-acquired pneumonia (severe CAP or SCAP) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in Korea. Methods: All patients who were admitted to a tertiary hospital for CAP from January 2007 to December 2008 were reviewed retrospectively, and SCAP was defined by 2007 Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society criteria. Results: In total, 94 patients were diagnosed with SCAP (mean age, $73.5\;{\pm}\;14.3$ years; male, 70). Among them, pneumococcal SCAP (P-SCAP) accounted for 24.5%, and non-P-SCAP accounted for 18.1% (four with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, [4.3%]; four with Staphylococcus aureus, [4.3%]), and no organisms were identified in 57.4% of the patients. A history of neoplasm was less frequent, and the incidence of shock and pneumonia severity index (PSI) scores were lower in patients with P-SCAP than in those with non-P-SCAP or with SCAP with no organism identified (p = 0.012, 0.023 and 0.007, respectively). Patients with P-SCAP had a lower rate of treatment failure (p = 0.048) and tended to have lower in-hospital and 30-day mortalities compared with those with non-P-SCAP. In a multivariate analysis, the history of neoplasm was the strongest independent factor for predicting 30-day mortality (odds ratio, 9.068; 95% confidence interval, 1.856-44.309). Conclusions: P-SCAP accounted for 24.5% of SCAP cases. P-SCAP was associated with lower disease severity and a tendency toward better hospital outcomes compared with non-P-SCAP.

목적: 중증지역사회획득폐렴(severe CAP or SCAP)에 대한 국내 연구는 많지 않았으며 특히 가장 흔한 원인 균인 폐렴구균에 의한 중증지역사회획득 폐렴(pneumococcal SCAP or P-SCAP)에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 실정이다. 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2008년 12월까지 한림대학교 성심병원 내과에 입원한 18세 이상의 성인 환자들 중 2007 Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) criteria에 따른 SCAP의 정의를 만족 하는 환자를 대상으로 후향적 의무기록 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 연구 기간 동안 총 94명의 SCAP 환자가 선정되었다. 환자의 평균 연령은 $73.5\;{\pm}\;14.3$세였고, 이 중 남자가 70명이었다. 전체 SCAP 환자 중 P-SCAP가 23명(24.5%), non-P-SCAP가 17명이었으며(Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 4 [4.3%]; Staphylococcus aureus, 4 [4.3%]), 54명(57.4%)에서는 균이 동정되지 않았다. 입원 당시 패혈성 쇽의 발생률 및 PSI 점수는 P-SCAP 환자군에서 non-P-SCAP 및 균이 동정되지 않은 SCAP 환자군(SCAP with no organism identified)에 비하여 낮게 확인되었다(p = 0.023 and p = 0.007). 또한 P-SCAP 환자군에서 non-PSCAP 환자군에 비하여 낮은 치료 실패율(p = 0.048)을 보였고, 병원사망률 및 30일 사망률도 낮은 경향을 보였다. 30일사망률과 관련된 다변량분석에서는 종양의 기왕력이 가장 강력한 예후인자로 확인되었다(odds ratio = 9.068; 95% confidence interval = 1.856-44.309). 결론: P-SCAP은 전체 SCAP 환자 중 24.5%를 차지하여 SCAP의 가장 흔한 원인균으로 확인되었다. P-SCAP 환자에서 non-P-SCAP 환자에 비하여 낮은 중증도를 보였고 좀 더 양호한 예후를 갖는 경향을 보였다.

Keywords

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