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Vertical Distribution of Weed Seed in the Soil as affected by Tillage and No-till

경운과 무경운에 따른 토양 내 잡초종자의 수직적 분포양상

  • Lee, Byung-Mo (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Park, Kwang-Lai (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Youn (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Cho, Jeong-Rae (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Min (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • An, Nan-Hee (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Choi, Hyun-Sug (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Jee, Hyeong-Jin (Organic Agriculture Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science)
  • 이병모 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 박광래 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이연 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 조정래 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 이상민 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 안난희 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 최현석 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과) ;
  • 지형진 (국립농업과학원 유기농업과)
  • Received : 2012.11.07
  • Accepted : 2012.11.19
  • Published : 2012.12.31

Abstract

A simple monitoring method was designed to evaluate seed bank in a upper soil (0 to 30 cm depth), which was observed for the pattern of vertical distribution of weed in the soil under tillage or no-tillage condition. The field experiment was established at an organic corn field located in Hwacheon in Kangwon-do from 2010 to 2011. Undistributed linear soil samples were taken using non-destructive soil sampler from 0 to 30 cm depth at the tillage or no-tillage soils. Weed seed distribution in the linear soil samples was estimated by counting the number of weed germinated according to the soil depth. Under tillage condition, the weed seeds were more evenly distributed from 0 to 30 cm depth, with being 75% of weed seeds located in 0 to 15 cm depth compared to the no-tillage condition. Soil samples taken by no-tillage condition had 85% of weed seeds within 15 cm of soil depth, with being 93% of weed seeds from 0 to 20 cm depth. The number of weeds or the number of weed species were three times higher for tillage soil compared to no-tillage soil, and the major dominant weed species were observed for annual plants, such as Echinochloa crus-gall, Mollugo pentaphylla, and Digitaria ciliaris.

번거로운 토양 종자은행 조사를 위해 간편한 모니터링 방법을 고안하였으며 이를 이용하여 경운과 무경운에 따른 토양내 잡초종자의 수직적 분포 양상을 관찰하였다. 본 시험은 강원도 화천의 유기농 옥수수 포장에서 수행되었다. 포장의 조성은 2010년부터 경운과 무경운 조건으로 2년간 조성된 무경운 포장에서 30 cm 깊이의 비파괴 토양 시료를 채취한 후 그 안에서 발생하는 잡초를 헤아려 종자의 토양 분포정도를 조사하였다. 토양속 잡초 종자의 분포는 경운구의 경우 15 cm 이내에 75%의 종자가 분포되어 있는 등 30 cm 깊이까지 대체로 고르게 분포되고 있었던 반면 무경운 조건에서는 15 cm 이내에 85% 이상의 종자가, 20 cm 이내에 93%의 종자가 분포되어 대체로 토양 표면에 집중되었다. 한편 잡초의 발생초종수와 개체수는 경운구가 무경운구에 비해 3배나 많은 양이 발생되었으며 주요 우점초종은 돌피, 석류풀, 바랭이 등의 일년생 초종이었다.

Keywords

References

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