Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anal Cancer Screening by Modified Liquid-Based Cytology in an HIV Clinic

  • Published : 2012.09.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to screen for anal cancer and to determine its cytomorphology using liquid-based cytology (LBC) with specimens preserved in 95% ethyl alcohol. Anal swabs were collected for cytological examination from 177 adult, HIV-infected patients. After collection, sample slides were reviewed and classified according to their cytomorphology using the modified Bethesda 2001 system. An abnormal anal Pap smear was found in 26.0% of the patients. The diagnoses were: 66.7% negative for intraepithelial lesions (NIL), 14.1% with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US), 10.7% (19) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and 1.13% with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). The cytological evaluation was an unsatisfactory result only with 6.67%. The present modified LBC using 95% ethyl alcohol as the preservative could thus be used for anal cancer screening. The number of SILs in Thai HIV-infected patients is lower than that in Western countries. We found anal cytology a satisfactory tool for early screening and detection of anal dysplasia commonly found in high-risk, HIV-infected patients.

Keywords

References

  1. Arain S, Walts AE, Thomas P, Bose S (2005). The Anal Pap Smear: Cytomorphology of squamous intraepithelial lesions. Cytojournal, 2, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-6413-2-1
  2. Chiao EY, Giordano TP, Palefsky JM, et al (2006). Screening HIV-infected individuals for anal cancer precursor lesions: a systematic review. Clin Infect Dis, 43, 223-33. https://doi.org/10.1086/505219
  3. Darragh TM, Jay N, Tupkelewicz BA , et al (1997). Comparison of conventional cytologic smears and ThinPrep preparations from the anal canal. Acta Cytol, 41, 1167-70. https://doi.org/10.1159/000332840
  4. Friedlander MA, Stier E, Lin O (2004). Anorectal cytology as a screening tool for anal squamous lesions: cytologic, anoscopic, and histologic correlation. Cancer, 102, 19-26.
  5. Goldie SJ, Kuntz KM, Weinstein MC, et al (1999). The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in homosexual and bisexual HIV-positive men. JAMA, 281, 1822-9. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.281.19.1822
  6. Johnson LG, Madeleine MM, Newcomer LM, et al (2004). Anal cancer incidence and survival: the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results experience, 1973-2000. Cancer, 101, 281-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.20364
  7. Laiwejpithaya S, Rattanachaiyanont M, Benjapibal M, et al (2008). Comparison between Siriraj liquid-based and conventional cytology for detection of abnormal cervicovaginal smears: A split-sample study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 9, 575-80.
  8. MedCalc Software, Broekstraat 52, 9030 Mariakerke, Belgium Version 12.3.0-(C) 1993-2012 MedCalc Software bvba-Last modified: June 27, 2012.
  9. National Cancer Institute. SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2005. http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2005/results_merged/sect_05_cervix_uteri.pdf. Accessed February 10, 2011
  10. Palefsky JM, Holly EA, Efirdc JT, et al (2005). Anal intraepithelial neoplasia in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era among HIV-positive men who have sex with men. AIDS, 19, 1407-14. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000181012.62385.4a
  11. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A (2012). Cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin, 62, 10-29. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.20138
  12. Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Justice AC, Engels E, et al (2012). Risk of anal cancer in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals in North America. Clin Infect Dis, 54, 1026-34. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cir1012
  13. Solomon D, Davey D, Kurman R, et al (2002). The 2001 Bethesda System: terminology for reportin results of cervical cytology. JAMA, 287, 2114-9. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.287.16.2114

Cited by

  1. Prevalence of Abnormal Anal Cytology in HIV-Infected Women: a Hospital-Based Study vol.15, pp.15, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2014.15.15.6405
  2. Screening for Anal Cancer in Women vol.19, pp.1089-2591, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1097/LGT.0000000000000117
  3. The value of a transformation zone component in anal cytology to detect HSIL vol.124, pp.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1002/cncy.21730
  4. Incidence of Anal Dysplasia in a Population of High-Risk Women vol.21, pp.4, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1097/LGT.0000000000000328