Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Validation of the Korean Version of the Empathy Quotient-Short form

한국판 단축 공감척도의 타당화

  • 여지영 (수원여자대학교 간호과)
  • Received : 2012.09.21
  • Accepted : 2012.11.08
  • Published : 2012.11.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The aim of this study was to validate the Korean Version of the Empathy Quotient-Short form(EQ-Short-K) in a sample of Korean nursing students. A total 528 students(494 female, 34 male) were studied by 2 groups. To provide a validity of the Empathy Quotient-Short form in Korean sample, exploratory factor analysis, reliability test and Pearson correlation coefficient were conducted. In study 1 (N=298), the finding of factor analysis confirmed that 11 of the 22 EQ-Short items were presented as a single-factor structure. The reliability estimate of the EQ-Short-K was high(.88). In terms of criterion validity, the EQ-short-K correlated positively with Interpersonal Reactivity Index(IRI)(r=.279, p<.000). In study 2 (N=230), the finding identified that the EQ-Short-K correlated positively with Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire(ICQ)(r=.351, p<.000). It suggested that the EQ-Short-K had satisfactory internal consistency and validity, thereby the EQ-Short-K can be used as a meaningful measure for empathy among Korean nursing domain.

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 간호대학생을 대상으로 단축형 공감척도의 심리측정 속성을 분석하여 한국판으로 타당화하는 것이다. 총 528명의 간호대학생(여학생 494, 남학생 34)을 대상으로 요인분석, 신뢰도 분석 및 상관분석이 이루어졌다. 연구1(N=298)에서 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 전체 22문항 중 11문항 단일요인 구조가 확인되었다. 내적 신뢰도는 .88로 다소 높았으며 대인간 반응척도(IRI)와의 상관관계 분석을 통해(r=.279, p<.000) 한국판 단축 공감척도(EQ-Short-K)의 준거 타당도를 확인하였다. 연구2(N=230)에서 총 11문항의 한국판 단축 공감척도와 대인관계 유능성 척도(ICQ)의 상관분석결과 통계적으로 유의한 상관이 제시되었다(r=.351, p<.000). 본 연구결과는 한국판 단축 공감척도의 내적 신뢰도와 타당도를 확인하고 이를 토대로 한국의 간호 영역에서 의미있게 활용될 수 있는 공감 측정 도구로서의 타당성과 유용성을 제시하였다는 데 의의가 있다.

Keywords

References

  1. V. Price, & J. Archbold, "What's it all about, empathy?" Nurse education today, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 106-110, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-6917(97)80026-3
  2. W. Reynolds, P. A. Scott, & W. Austin, "Nursing, empathy and perception of the moral", Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol.32, No.1, pp. 235-242, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01440.x
  3. J. Williams, & T. Stickley, "Empathy and nurse education", Nurse education today, Vol. 30, No.8, pp. 752-755, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2010.01.018
  4. R. Guan, L. Jin, & M. Qian, "Validation of the empathy quotient-short form among Chinese healthcare professionals", Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 75-84, 2012. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2012.40.1.75
  5. R. Hogan, "Development of an empathy scale", Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 33, No. 3. pp. 307-316, 1969. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0027580
  6. A. Mehrabian, & N. Epstein, "A measure of emotional empathy", Journal of Personality, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 525-543, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1972.tb00078.x
  7. M. H. Davis, "A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy", JSAS Catalog of selected documents in Psychology, 10, pp. 85, 1980.
  8. E. L. La Monica, "Construct validity of an empathy instrument", Research in Nursing & Health, Vol 4, Issue 4, pp. 389-400, December, 1981 https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770040406
  9. M. Hojat, S. Mangione, T. J. Nasca, M. J. M. Cohen, J. S. Gonnella, J. B. Erdmann et al., "The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy: Development and preliminary psychometric data," Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 349-365, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131640121971158
  10. J. Yu, & M. Kirk, "Evaluation of empathy measurement tools in nursing: systematic review," Journal of Advanced Nursing, Vol. 65, No. 9. pp. 1790-1806, 2009 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05071.x
  11. C. Allison, S. Baron-Cohen, S. J. Wheelwright, M. H. Stone, & S. J. Muncer, "Psychometric analysis of the Empathy Quotient (EQ)," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 51, No. 7, pp. 829-835, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.07.005
  12. A. Preti, M. Vellante, S. Baron-Cohen, G. Zucca , D. R. Petretto, & C. Masala, "The Empathy Quotient: A cross-cultural comparison of the Italian version," Cognitive Neuropsychiatry, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 50-70, 2010.
  13. S. Baron-Cohen, & S. Wheelwright, "The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with asperger syndrome or high functioning autism, and normal sex differences," Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp. 163-175, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JADD.0000022607.19833.00
  14. E. J. Lawrence, P. Shaw, D. Baker, S. Baron-Cohen, & A. S. David, "Measuring empathy: reliability and validity of the Empathy Quotient", Psychological Medicine, Vol.34 No.5, pp. 911-920, 2004.
  15. A. Wakabayashi, S. Baron-Cohen, S. Wheelwright, N. Goldenfeld, J. Delaney, D. Fine et al., "Development of short forms of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short) and the Systemizing Quotient (SQ-Short)," Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 929-940, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.017
  16. Y. J. Lee, "Understanding of Factor analysis", pp. 438, Sukjung: Seoul, 2002.
  17. S. H. Park, "Empathy and empathic understanding", pp. 220, Wonmisa: Seoul, 1994.
  18. D. Buhrmester, W. Furman, M. T. Wittenberg, & H. T. Reis, "Five domains of interpersonal competence in peer relationships. Journal of personality and social psychology, Vol. 55, pp. 991-1008, 1988. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.55.6.991
  19. N. R. Han, & D. G. Lee, "Validation of the Korean Version of the Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire in Korean College Students", The Korean Journal of Counseling & Psychotherapy, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 137-156, 2010.
  20. J. H. Heo, & C. J. Lee, "Psychometric analysis of the Empathy Quotient(EQ) scale", Humanity & Science, 24, pp. 183-200, 2010.
  21. A. C. Samson, & W. H. Odilo, "Short German versions of empathizing and systemizing self-assessment scales", Swiss Journal of Psychology, Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 239-244, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000028
  22. S. Berthoz, M. Wessa, G. Kedia, B. Wicker, & J. Grezes, "Cross-cultural validation of the Empathy Quotient in a French-speaking sample," Can J Psychiat-Rev Can Psychiat, Vol. 53, No. 7, Jul. pp. 469-477, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370805300712

Cited by

  1. A Study on Nursing Students' Elderly Patient Simulation Experience vol.14, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.7.3358
  2. Changing characteristics of the empathic communication network after empathy-enhancement program for medical students vol.8, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33501-z
  3. Validation of Basic Empathy Scale: Exploring a Korean Version vol.37, pp.4, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9554-8