Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Quality Characteristics of Long-term Stored Rice

장기 저장된 쌀의 품질 특성

  • 한혜민 (계명대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 고봉경 (계명대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2012.07.12
  • Accepted : 2012.10.15
  • Published : 2012.11.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and pasting properties of long-term stored domestic and imported rice supplied for food processing from government-controlled public rice stocks. Goamibyeo, which was bred for processing and harvested in 2011, was selected as the control rice for comparison. Rice was dry-milled, and the amylose contents of stored rice were 12~13%. Stored rice kernels were significantly harder than those of control, whereas damaged starch content and water absorption of flour were not significantly different from those of control. Overall, long-term stored domestic and imported rice showed high peak viscosities along with high viscosities of both hot and cold pastes. Both imported and domestic rice demonstrated insufficient properties for making 100% flat rice noodles or bread. They showed the greatest shrinkage during cooling after baking. Although their levels of cooking loss were less than that of control, stored rice showed a less elastic and softer cooked noodle texture compared to control flour.

가공용으로 공급되는 국내산 정부미와 수입산 정부미의 품질 특성을 조사하고 빵이나 국수의 원료로 사용하기 위하여 제빵 및 제면성을 시험하였다. 두 가지 정부미 모두 가루의 백색도가 낮고 황색도가 증가되어 저장된 쌀의 색의 특성이 관찰되었고 아밀로오스 함량이 13% 이하로 국수나 빵을 만드는데 적합한 고 아밀로오스(22% 이상) 쌀로 사용하기에는 부적합하였다. 낟알의 경도는 수입산 정부미가 가장 단단하였지만 제분된 가루의 손상 전분 함량과 수분 흡수율은 시료 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 수입산 정부미의 호화 점도가 높고 국내산 정부미의 호화 점도가 상대적으로 낮았으나 두 가지 모두 저장되지 않은 가공용 쌀 Goamibyeo에 비하여 높은 점도를 나타내어 일반적인 저장 쌀의 호화 특성이 관찰되었다. 그러나 저장기간에 따라서 감소된다고 알려진 breakdown viscosity는 정부미가 오히려 높은데 이는 저장에 따른 효과보다 정부미 자체 전분의 특성에 기인한 것으로 예측된다. 두 가지 정부미 모두 빵의 발효와 굽기과정까지는 우수한 제빵성이 관찰되었지만 굽기 후 식히는 과정에서 빵의 모양이 유지되지 못하고 가라앉아서 100% 쌀 빵을 만들기에 부적합하였다. 100% 쌀로 만든 국수의 조리 손실률은 정부미가 Goamibyeo보다 적었지만 국수의 탄성이 적고 신장성이 커서 무른 특성이 나타났다. 따라서 가공용으로 공급되는 국내산 및 수입산 정부미를 빵이나 국수 등의 원료로 이용하려면 밀가루 또는 제면 제빵성이 우수한 곡류를 혼합하여 반죽의 물성을 개량한 후 사용하는 것이 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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