Functional Properties of Water Extracts from Different Parts of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus

오가피 부위별 열수 추출액의 기능적 특성

  • Choi, Jae-Myoung (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Kwang-Yup (Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Hwa (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seowon University) ;
  • Ahn, Jun-Bae (Department of Food Service Industry, Seowon University)
  • Received : 2011.03.15
  • Accepted : 2011.04.27
  • Published : 2011.05.30

Abstract

Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (A. sessiliflorus) has been known as a traditional medicine having anti-stress, antioxidative and platelet aggregation inhibitory effects. This study was undertaken to investigate the functional properties of water extracts from four parts of A. sessiliflorus. Root, stem, leaf and fruit extracts from A. sessiliflorus were prepared with hot water ($80^{\circ}C$). The contents of functional substances, eleutheroside B and E, polyphenol, antioxidative activity, nitrite scavenging ability and anti-cancer activity of the extracts were determined. The contents of eleutheroside E in stem, root and fruit extracts were 542.50 ${\mu}$g/g, 343.35 ${\mu}$g/g and 30.78 ${\mu}$g/g, respectively. A large part of eleutheroside B was found in fruit (372.01 ${\mu}$g/g) and root (289.33 ${\mu}$g/g) extracts. Root and stem extracts contained 227.21 mg/100g and 131.22 mg/100g of polyphenols, respectively. Antioxidative activities (electron donating ability) of stem and root extracts were 79.87% and 77.27%, respectively. It appears that the antioxidative activities were related to polyphenol contents of the extracts. Most extracts showed 76-81.5% of nitrite scavenging ability at pH 1.2. It reveals that water extract from parts of A. sessiliflorus can inhibit formation of nitrosoamine in food. Effects of the extracts on the growth of normal and cancer cell lines were investigated. Extracts showed no cytotoxicity to normal dendritic cell line (DC2.4). Especially, the root extract promoted the growth of normal cell line. Root and stem extracts had 20-23% of inhibitory effect against stomach cancer cell line (SNU-719) and liver cancer cell line (Hep3B). These result indicated that the extracts from A. sessiliflorus can be used as functional food materials with antioxidative activity and nitrite scavenging ability to eliminate nitrosoamine in food.

오가피는 다양한 생리활성을 가진 약재로 사용되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 오가피 부위별 열수 추출액의 기능적 특징을 규명하기위해 추출부위별 총 폴리페놀 함량, 항산화활성, 아질산염 소거능 및 항암활성을 알아보았다. 오가피의 생리활성 표준물질인 eleutheroside E는 줄기(542.50 $\mu$g/g) >뿌리(343.35 $\mu$g/g) >열매(30.78 $\mu$g/g) 순으로 함유되어 있었고 eleutheroside B는 열매(372.01 $\mu$g/g) >뿌리(289.33 $\mu$g/g) >줄기(125.05 $\mu$g/g) 순으로 많이 함유되어 있었다. 총 폴리페놀은 뿌리(227.21 mg/100 g)와 줄기(131.22 mg/100 g)에 많이 함유되어 있었다. 전자공여능은 줄기에서 79.87%, 뿌리에서 77.27%를 보여 총 폴리페놀 함량과 상관관계가 있었다. 산성 환경에서 nitrosoamine을 생성하는 아질산염에 대한 오가피의 제거 효과는 추출부위와 관계없이 pH 1.2에서 76-81.5%로 높게 나타났다. pH가 높아짐에따라 아질산염제거효과는 대개 소실되었으나 열매 추출액의 경우 pH 6.0에서도 43.1%의 아질산염제거효과를 유지하고 있었다. 오가피 부위별 열수 추출액은 정상세포인 DC2.4의 생육 억제 효과는 관찰되지 않았고 오히려 뿌리추출액의 경우는 DC2.4의 생육을 유의미하게 촉진하는 것으로 밝혀져 세포독성은 없는것으로 판단되었다. 위암 세포주인 SNU-719와 간암세포인 Hep3B에 대해서는 뿌리 추출액과 줄기 추출액에서 20-23%의 억제효과를 보였다. 따라서 오가피 부위별 추출액은 항산화활성, 식육에서의 nitrosoamine 생성 억제 등 다양한 기능성을 가진 식품소재로 활용이 가능 할 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : 지식경제부, 서원대학교

References

  1. AOAC. 1985. Official Method of Analysis. 15th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington D.C., USA, pp.914-915.
  2. Blois MS. 1958. Antioxidant determination by the use of a stable free radical. Nature 181: 1199-1200. https://doi.org/10.1038/1811199a0
  3. Brekhman II, Dardmov IV. 1969. New substances of plant origin which increase nonspecific resistance. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. 9: 419-430. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223
  4. Brekhman. II 1963. Eleutherococcus senticosus a new medicinal herb of the araliaceae family. Second International Pharmacological Meeting, pp.97-102.
  5. Cho HE, Choi YJ, Cho EK. 2010. Antioxidant and nitrite scavening activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory effect of water extract from Schizandra chinensis Baillon. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39: 481-486. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.4.481
  6. Choi JM, Kim KY, Lee SH, Ahn JB. 2010. Manufacturing and characteristics of fruit wine from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus. Food Eng. Prog. 14: 1-6.
  7. Choi HS, Kim YH, Han JH, Park SH. 2008. Effects of Eleutherococcus senticosus and several oriental medicinal herbs extracts on serum lipid concentrations. Korean J. Food Nutr. 21: 210-217.
  8. Chung YJ, Bae MW, Chung MI, Lee JS, Chung KS. 2002. Cytoxic effect of the distilled Pine-Needle extracts on several cancer cell lines in vitro. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 691-695. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.4.691
  9. Gray JI, Dugan Jr LR. 1975. Inhibition of N-nitrosamine formation in model food systems. J. Food Sci. 40: 981-984. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1975.tb02248.x
  10. Hahn, DR, Kim CJ, Kim JH. 1985. A study on chemical constituents of Acanthopanax koreanum nakai and its pharmaco-biological activities. Yakhak Hoeji. 29: 357-361.
  11. Han DS, Oh SK, Oh ES. 2003. Selective cytotoxicities of phenolic acids in cancer cells. J. Toxicol. Pub. Health. 19: 45-50.
  12. Han YS. 2002. A Study on the effect of antiinflammatory plant extracts on melanogenesis. Ph.D. Thesis. Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
  13. Heinemann T, Axtmann G, Von Bergmann K. 1993. Comparison of intestinal absorption of cholesterol with different plant sterols in man. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 23: 827-831. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2362.1993.tb00737.x
  14. Hirata F, Fujita K, Ishikura Y, Hosoda K, Ishikawa H. 1996. Hypocholesterolemic effect of sesame lignan in humans. Atherosclerosis 122: 135-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(95)05769-2
  15. Jung KW. 1981. Studies on pharmacological activity of root bark of Acanthopanax chiisanensis Nakai. Bull. Kyung Hee Pharma. Sci. 9: 21-29.
  16. Jeong HW, Rho YH, Lee GS, Kim CJ, Jeon BG. 2005. Experimental effects of Acanthopanax Cortex extract on the immunity, anti-cancer and obesity in mice. Korean J. Oriental Physiol. Pathol. 19: 389-397.
  17. Jung SK, Lee HJ. 2010. Functional investigation of Ogaza extract. Food Eng. Prog. 14: 183-187.
  18. Kang YH, Park YK, Lee GD. 1996. The nitrite scavenging and electron donation ability of phenolic compound. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 28: 232-239.
  19. Kato H, Lee IE, Chuyen NV, Kim SB, Hayase F. 1987. Inhibition of nitrosamine formation by nondialyzable melanodines. Agric. Biol. Chem. 51: 1333-1338. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.51.1333
  20. Lee JH, Lee SR. 1994. Analysis of phenolic substance content in Korean plant foods. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 26: 310-316.
  21. Lee JW, Bae YI, Shim KH. 2001. Biofunctional characteristics of the water soluble browning reaction products isolated from Korean red ginseng. J. Ginseng Res. 25: 118-121.
  22. Shin WT, Lee KS. 2004. The effect of Ogapi's ingestion exercise performance SOD, MDA for 12 weeks. Korean Sport Res. 15: 1309-1320.
  23. Szolomecki S, Samochowiec I, Wojcicki J, Drozdzik M. 2000. The influence of active components of Eleutherococcus senticosus on cellular defence and physical fitness in man. Phytotherapy Res. 14: 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(200002)14:1<30::AID-PTR543>3.0.CO;2-V
  24. Yook CS, Rho YS, Seo SH, Leem JY, Han DR. 1996. Chemical components of Acanthopanax divaricatus and anticancer effect in leaves. Yakhak Hoeji. 40: 251-261.
  25. Yoon TJ, Jo SY. 2010. Effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extracts on alcohol degradation and anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Korean J. Food Nutr. 23: 542-548.