Quality of Sikhe Incorporated with Hot Water Extract of Omija (Schisandra chinensis Baillon) Fruit

오미자 열매 추출액을 첨가한 식혜의 품질특성

  • Lee, Jun-Ho (Department of Food Science and Engineering, Daegu University)
  • Received : 2011.01.31
  • Accepted : 2011.02.10
  • Published : 2011.02.28

Abstract

The effects of incorporating hot water extract of Schisandra chinensis fruit on the physicochemical and sensory properties of Sikhe were investigated. The extract was incorporated at 5 levels (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%, v/v) by replacing equivalent amount of distilled water. The pH decreased while the soluble solids content increased significantly with the increase in the extract replacement (p<0.05). Redness ($a^*$-value) increased significantly as the extract concentration increased (p<0.05); on the other hand, lightness ($L^*$-value) and yellowness ($b^*$-value) did not show any direct relationships with the extract replacement. Color, sour taste, and sweet taste except for Sikhe flavor were distinctively classified by the sensory analyses (p<0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that level of extract incorporation was well-correlated with all the physicochemical and sensory properties studied except for $L^*$- and $a^*-$ value. Finally, the consumer test based on Friedman-type statistic, suggested that 10% incorporation of the hot water extract of Omija fruit was recommended for making Sikhe.

오미자 열매 추출물의 첨가량을 0-50%로 달리하여 식혜를 제조한 후 물리화학적 및 관능적 품질특성을 측정하고 각 특성사이의 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 추출물의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 식혜의 pH는 유의적으로 감소한 반면 가용성 고형분 함량 및 적색도 ($a^*$값)는 증가하였다(p<0.05). 한편, 밝기를 나타내는 $L^*$값과 황색도를 나타내는 $b^*$값은 추출물의 첨가량과 직접적인 관계를 나타나지 않았다. 관능적 품질특성 중 색, 신맛, 단맛은 추출물의 첨가량과 유의적인 관계를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 상관분석 결과 추출물의 첨가량은 $L^*$값과 $a^*$값을 제외한 모든 물리적 및 관능품질 특성과 유의적인 관계를 나타내었다. 소비자 기호도검사에 의하면 10% 오미자 열매 추출물을 첨가한 식혜의 전체적인 기호도가 다른 시료군에 비해 유의적으로 높음을 알 수 있었다(p<0.05).

Keywords

References

  1. Cho HE, Choi YJ, Cho EK. 2010. Antioxidant and nitrite scavenging activity and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitory effect of water extract from Schizandra chinensis Baillon. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 39: 481-486. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2010.39.4.481
  2. Cho KM, Joo OS. 2010. Manufacture of Sikhe (a traditional Korean beverage) using corn silk extracts. Korean J. Food Preserv. 17: 644-651.
  3. Chong HS. 1998. Quality characteristics of Paeksolki added with Omija water extracts. J. East Asian Diet. Life 8: 173-180.
  4. Hong KH, Nam ES, Park SI. 2004. Preparation and characteristics of drinkable yoghurt added water extract of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon). Korean J. Food Nutr. 17: 111-119.
  5. Jeon HS, Kim HJ, Jo SB. 2003. Effects of selected stabilizers on the color deterioration of crude pigment extract from Schizandra fruit (Schizandra fructus). Korean J. Food Culture 18: 475-482.
  6. Jeong TS, Jeong EJ, Lee SH. 2008. Effects on the quality characteristics of Mul-kimchi with Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) water extract. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 1301-1306. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.10.1301
  7. Kim HH, Park GS, Jeon JR. 2007. Quality characteristics and storage properties of Sikhe prepared with extracts from Hovenia dulcis THUNB. Korean J. Food Cookery Sci. 23: 848-857.
  8. Kim JS, Choi SY. 2008. Quality characteristics of soybean curd with Omija extract. Korean J. Food Nutr. 21: 43-50.
  9. Kim KJ, Woo KS, Lee JS, Chun A, Choi YH, Song J, Suh SJ, Kim SL, Jeong HS. 2008. Physicochemical characteristics of Sikhye (Korean traditional rice beverage) with specialty rice varieties. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 1523-1528. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2008.37.11.1523
  10. Kim MR, Seo JH, Heo OS, Oh SH, Lee KS. 2002. Physicochemical and sensory qualities of commercial Sikhes. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 31: 728-732. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2002.31.5.728
  11. Kim YM, Kim HD, Yum CA. 1991. Changes in flavor component of Omija, Schizandra chinensis Baillon, with various extraction times. Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 7: 27-31.
  12. Ko BS, Park SK, Choi SB, Jun DW, Choi MK, Park SM. 2004. A study on hypoglycemic effects of crude extracts of Schizandrae fructus. J. Korean Soc. Sci. Appl. Biol. Chem. 47: 258-264.
  13. Kwon HJ, Choi MA, Park CS. 2010. Development and quality characteristics of lotus root Jeonggwa admixed with Omija (the medicinal herb Schizandra chinensis Baillon) extract during storage. Korean J. Food Preserv. 17: 457-465.
  14. Kwon HJ, Park CS. 2009. Quality characteristics of bellflower and lotus root Jeonggwa added with Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) extract. Korean J. Food Preserv. 16: 53-59.
  15. Kwon HY, Yoon SK. 1995. Studies on the storage stability of Andong Sikhe. Korean J. Soc. Food Sci. 11: 287-293.
  16. Lee JS, Lee SW. 1989. Effects of water extract of the parts of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) on metabolism in normal rats. Korean J. Dietary Culture 4: 253-256.
  17. Lee JS, Lee SW. 1990a. Effect of water extract in fruits of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) on CCl4 toxicity. Korean J. Dietary Culture 5: 253-257.
  18. Lee JS, Lee SW. 1990b. Effect of water extract in fruit of Omija (Schizandra chinensis Baillon) on alcohol metabolism. Korean J. Dietary Culture 5: 259-262.
  19. Meilgaard M, Civille GV, Carr BT. 1999. Sensory Evaluation Techniques. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL, USA, pp. 106-110.
  20. Min SH. 2009. Quality characteristics of Sikhe prepared with Astragalus membranaceus water extracts. J. East Asian Soc. Dietary Life 19: 216-223.
  21. Nam SJ, Kim KO. 1989. Characteristics of Sikhye (Korean traditional drink) made with different amount of cooked rice and malt and with different sweetners. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 21: 197-202.
  22. Panossian A, Wikman G. 2008. Pharmacology of Schizandra chinensis Bail.: an overview of Russian research and uses in medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol. 118: 183-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.020
  23. Park LY, Lee SH, Kim SJ. 2010. Preparation and sensory characteristics of bread containing Schizandra chinensis Baillon (a traditional Koran medicinal plant). Korean J. Food Preserv. 17: 637-643.
  24. Park SH, Han JH. 2004. A study of medicinal plants for applications in functional foods. 1. Effects of Schizandrae fructus on the regional cerebral blood flow and blood pressure in rats. J. Korean Food Sci. Nutr. 33: 34-40. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.1.034
  25. Park SI. 2006. Application of green tea powder for Sikhe preparation. Korean J. Food Nutr. 19: 227-233.
  26. SAS. 2005. SAS User's Guide. SAS Institute, Ver. 9.1., Cary, NC, USA.