DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Assessment of Obesity Indices in Consideration of Gender and Age

성별과 연령을 고려한 비만 지표 평가

  • Min, Gyung-Hun (Department of Emergency Medical Technology, Woosong University) ;
  • Lee, Tae-Yong (Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University)
  • 민경훈 (우송대학교 응급구조학과) ;
  • 이태용 (충남대학교 의학전문대학원 예방의학교실)
  • Received : 2011.08.08
  • Accepted : 2011.09.08
  • Published : 2011.09.30

Abstract

In order to increase the accuracy and efficiency in measuring obesity conducted outside the hospitals, we examined not only the Body Mass Index and cutoff values of waist circumference of 3,281 adults but also considered their gender, age and various body characteristics. This study included 1,505 males (45.9%) and 1,776 females (54.1%) who visited the comprehensive health checkup center. The average body fat content of male participants was 22.2%, and their Body Mass Index was 24.4kg/$m^2$. The average Body Mass Index of female participants was 22.9kg/$m^2$. The average of waist circumference of male subjects was 86.2cm while that of female subjects was 76.9cm. The conventional method to measure obesity using BMI and WC only does not reflect the actual body fat which may change according to one's gender and age. Therefore, for those who visit individual's place to measure obesity outside the hospitals only based on BMI and WC, we need a new standard to measure obesity more accurately.

종합검진센터에 방문한 성인 남녀 3281명을 대상으로 병원 밖에서 이루어지는 비만을 효율적이며 정확하게 진단하기 위하여 성별, 연령별 다른 신체 특성을 고려하여 체질량지수와 허리둘레의 절단값을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상자 3281명 중 남성은 1505명(45.9%), 여성은 1776명(54.1%)이었다. 평균 체지방량은 남성이 22.2%, 여성이 29.9%, 평균 체질량지수는 남성이 24.4kg/$m^2$, 여성이 22.9kg/$m^2$였으며, 평균 허리둘레는 남성이 86.2cm, 여성이 76.9cm이었다. 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 획일적인 체질량지수와 허리둘레 기준치는 성별, 연령별 달라지는 실제 체지방량을 잘반영한다고 볼 수 없으며, 향후 출장검진 시 신체계측만으로 비만을 진단할 때 보다 정확하게 하기 위해서 실제 체지방량을 고려한 새로운 기준치를 마련해야 할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Report of a WHO Consultation. Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. World Health Organization Technical Report Series, No 894, 1997.
  2. World Health Organization. Controlling the global obesity epidemic. [cited 11 Feb 2008]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nut/db_bmi.htm
  3. World Health Organization. Global database on obesity and body mass index (BMI) in adults. [cited 11 Feb 2008]. Available from: http://www.who.int/nut/ db_bmi.htm
  4. M. Kanazawa, N. Yoshiike, T. Osaka, et al. Criteria and classification of obesity in Japan and Asia-Oceania. Asia. Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. Vol. 11, pp. S732-S737, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-6047.11.s8.19.x
  5. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WPRO), the International Association of the Study of Obesity (IASO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. 2000.
  6. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, The Ministry of Health and Welfare. The Second Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES II) Health Examination. 2001.
  7. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, The Ministry of Health and Welfare. The Second Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III) Health Examination. 2005.
  8. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Obesity Education Initiative Expert Panel. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Obes. Res., Vol. 6 (Suppl 2), pp. 51S-209S, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00690.x
  9. Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight in Adults. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: executive summary. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., Vol. 68, No. 4, pp. 899-917, 1998.
  10. D. Gallagher, M. Visser, D. Sepulveda, R. N. Pierson, T. Harris, S. B. Heymsfield. How useful is body mass index for comparison of body fatness across age, sex, and ethnic groups. Am. J. Epidemiol., Vol. 143, pp. 228-39, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008733
  11. J. Albu, F. Pi-Sunyer. Obesity and diabetes. In: G. A. Bray, C. Bouchard, W. P. James, eds. Handbook of obesity. pp. 697-707, Marcel Dekker, 1997.
  12. A. P. Rocchini. Obesity and blood pressure regulation. In: G. A. Bray, C, Bouchard, W. P. James, eds. Handbook of obesity. pp. 677-695, Marcel Dekker, 1998.
  13. J. P. Despres, R. M. Krauss. Obesity and lipoprotein metabolism. In: G. A. Bray, C. Bouchard, W. P. James, eds. Handbook of obesity. pp. 651-675, Marcel Dekker; 2003.
  14. C. D. Sjostrom, L. Lissner, L. Sjostrom. Relationships between changes in body composition and changes in cardiovascular risk factors : the SOS Intervention Study. Obes. Res., Vol. 5, pp. 519-530, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00572.x
  15. D. T. Felson, J. J. Anderson, A. M. Naimark, A. M. Walker, R. F. Meenan. Obesity and knee osteoarthritis. The Framingham Study. Ann. Intern. Med., Vol. 109, pp. 18-24, 1988. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-1-18
  16. C. W. Ko, S. P. Lee. Obesity and gallbladder disease. In: G. A. Bray, C. Bouchard, W. P. James, eds. Handbook of obesity. pp. 919-934, Marcel Dekker, 2004.
  17. K. P. Strohl, R. J. Strobel, R. A. Parisi. Obesity and pulmonary function. In: G. A. Bray, C. Bouchard, W. P. James, eds. Handbook of obesity. pp. 725-739, Marcel Dekker, 2004.
  18. S. L. Gortmaker, A. Must. J. M. Perrin, A. M. Sobol, W. H. Dietz. Social and economic consequences of overweight in adolescence and young adulthood. N. Engl. J. Med., Vol. 329, pp. 1008-1012, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199309303291406
  19. E. A. Lew. Mortality and weight: insured lives and the American Cancer Society studies. Ann. Intern. Med., Vol. 103, pp. 1024-1029, 1985. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-1024
  20. D. V. Schapira, R. A. Clark, P. A. Wolff, A. R. Jarrett, N. B. Kumar, N. M. Aziz. Visceral obesity and breast cancer risk. Cancer, Vol. 74, pp. 632-639, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19940715)74:2<632::AID-CNCR2820740215>3.0.CO;2-T
  21. D. B. Allison, S. E. Saunders. Obesity in North America. An overview. Med. Clin. North. Am., Vol. 84, pp. 305-332, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-7125(05)70223-6
  22. K. M. Flegal, M. D. Carroll, R. J. Kuczmarski, C. L. Johnson. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. Int. J. Obes., Vol. 22, pp. 39-47, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800541
  23. National Centers for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adults: United States, 1999. [cited 11 Feb 2008]. Available from : http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/obese/obse99.htm
  24. R. Pasquali, F. Casimirri, S. Cantobelli, A. M. Labate, R. Paradisi, L. Zannarini. Insulin and androgen relationships with abdominal body fat distribution in women with and without hyperandrogenism. Horm. Res., Vol. 39, pp. 179-87, 1993. https://doi.org/10.1159/000182732
  25. E. T. Poehlman, M. J. Toth, A. W. Gardner. Changes in energy balance and body composition at menopause: a controlled, longitudinal study. Ann. Int. Med., Vol. 123, pp. 673-675, 1995. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-9-199511010-00005
  26. S. B. Heymsfield, D. Gallagher, E. T. Poehlman, C. Wolper, K. Nonas, D. Nelson, Z. M. Wang. Menopausal changes in body composition and energy expenditure. Exp. Gerontol., Vol. 29, pp. 377-389, 1994. https://doi.org/10.1016/0531-5565(94)90018-3
  27. N. P. Hays, G. P. Bathalon, M. A. McCrory, R. Roubenoff, R. Lipman, S. B. Roberts. Eating behavior correlates of adult weight gain and obesity in health women aged 55-65y. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., Vol. 75, No. 3, pp. 476-483, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(86)90217-9
  28. M. Rebuffe-Scrive, J Eldh, LO. Hafstrom, P. Bjorntorp. Metabolism of mammary, abdominal and femoral adipocytes in women before and after menopause. Metabolism, Vol. 35, pp. 792-797, 1986. https://doi.org/10.1016/0026-0495(86)90217-9
  29. R. M. Blew, L. B. Sardinha, L. A. Milliken, P. J. Texieira, S. B. Going, D, L. Ferreira, M. M. Harris, L. B. Houtkooper, T. G. Lohman. Assessing the validity of body mass index standards in early postmenopausal women. Obes. Res., Vol. 10, No. 8, pp. 799-808, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2002.108
  30. R. I. Wellens, A. F. Roche, H. J. Khamis, A. S. Jackson, M. L. Pollock, R. M. Siervogel. Relationships between the body mass index and body composition. Obes. Res., Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 35-44, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1996.tb00510.x
  31. J. Revill. The Observer. Are you a Tofi? (That's thin on the outside, fat inside). [cited 26 March 2008] Available from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2006/dec/10/medicineandhealth.health.

Cited by

  1. Effect of flexi-bar exercise on body composition and trunk muscle strength in overweight and obesity female college students vol.16, pp.10, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2015.16.10.6543