Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing (융합신호처리학회논문지)

The Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing (한국융합신호처리학회)
권호 표지

The Wireless Monitoring System of Respiration Signal

호흡신호 무선 통신 시스템 개발

  • Received : 2011.01.31
  • Accepted : 2011.08.02
  • Published : 2011.07.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study is about implementing wireless transferring system in pre-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR). Also, this study includes monitoring based feedback between patient and hospital to increase the survival rate of emergency patient by developing the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pre-hospital. It minimizes the loss of flow rate or gastric inflation through the space between the airway and the esophagus, which enables the inspiration-expiration rate to be measured more precisely. Due to these reasons this study applied ET insertion based respiratory sensor to measure flow rate. The main indices of artificial ventilation are justified from minute respiration(V), end-tidal $CO_2(E_TCO_2)$, and tracheal pressure($P_{tr}$). The simulation is performed to verify the bandwidth and delay time of transport network for in-hospital monitoring even as transporting images and voice information simultaneously. The total bandwidth is 815 kbps, and WLAN (IEEE 802.11x) is used as communication protocol. The network load is under 1.5% and the transmit delay time is measured under 0.3 seconds.

본 연구는 심폐소생술 (CPR) 중 인공호흡의 무선 전송 시스템 구현에 관한 것으로, 병원 전 단계에서의 CPR 성과를 높임으로써 응급환자의 생존율을 높이기 위한 환자-병원간 무선 통신 시스템이다. 기도삽관 기반 호흡기류센서를 적용하여 호흡량을 측정하였는데, 기도삽관을 통한 인공호흡은 기류량의 손실을 최소화하여 보다 정확한 흡기-호기량 계측이 가능하고, 기도-식도 구분을 통해 식도팽창을 방지하여 다른 인공호흡 방법에 비해 장점을 입증하였다. 또, 인공호흡 주요지표인 분당 평균호흡량 (V), 호기말 이산화탄소 농도 ($EtCO_2$), 기도압력 (Ptr)을 디지털화하여 정의하였으며 정의된 데이터를 무선 통신 시스템을 이용하여 전송망의 대역폭 및 지연시간을 확인하였다. 호흡신호를 전송하기 위해 필요한 최대대역폭 (815 Kbps) 에 비해 Wireless LAN의 대역폭 (54 Mbps) 이 충분하여 네트워크 부하는 1.5 % 미만이었으며, 전송지연시간은 0.3 초 이내로 측정되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 김종근, 최마이클 승필, 서강석, 설동환, 박정배, 정제명, "병원 전 심정지 환자의 심폐소생술의 분석", 대한응급의학회지, 13(1), 5-11, 2002.
  2. Wik L, Kramer-Johansen J, Myklebust H, Sorebo H, Svensson L, Fellows B., "Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest", JAMA, 293(3), 299-304, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.3.299
  3. Abella BS, Alvarado JP, Myklebust H, Edelson DP, Barry A, O'Hearn N., "Quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation during in-hospital cardiac arrest", JAMA, 293(3), 305-310, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.293.3.305
  4. Heidemeich JW, Higdon TA, Kern KB, Sanders AB, Berg RA, Niebler R., "Single-rescuer cardiopulmonary resuscitation: 'two quick breaths' - an oxymoron", Resuscitation, 62(3), 283-289, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2004.05.013
  5. Kern KB, Hilwig RW, Sanders AB, Ewy GA, "Importance of continuous chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation improved outcome during a simulated single lay-rescuer scenario", Circulation, 105(5), 645-649, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1161/hc0502.102963
  6. Wolcke BB, Mauer DK, Schoefmann MF, Teichmann H, ProvoT A, LindnerKH, "Comparison of standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation versus the combination of active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation and inspiratory impedance threshold device for out of hospital cardiac arrest", Circulation, 108(18), 2201-2205, 2003 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000095787.99180.B5
  7. 대한심폐소생학회, 공용 심폐소생술 가이드라인 개발 및 배포, 1-18, 2007
  8. Aufderheide TP, Lurie KG, "Death by hyperventilation: a common and life-threatening problem during cardiopulmonary resuscitation", Crit.CareMed, 32(9Suppl), S345-351, 2004
  9. Augustine JA., Seidel DR., McCabe JB., "Ventilation performance using a self-inflating anesthesia bag: effect of operator characteristics", Am.J.Emerg.Med, 5(4), 267-70, 1987
  10. Cummins RO, Austin D., Graves JR., Litwin PE, Pierce J, "Ventilation skills of emergency medical technicians: a teaching challenge for emergency medicine.Ann", Emerg. Med, 15(10), 1187-1192, 1986
  11. Lande S., Lally P., Peterson F, Potter D., "Comparing ventilatory techniques during CPR", JEMS, 44-7, 1982
  12. Yannopoulos D, Tang W, Roussos C, Aufderheide TP, Idris AH, Lurie KG, "Reducing ventilation frequency during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest", Respir. Care, 50(5), 628-635, 2005
  13. Idris AH, Wenzel V, Becker LB, Banner MJ, Orban D J, "Does hypoxia or hypercarbia independently affect resuscitation from cardiac arrest?", Chest, 108(2), 522-528, 1995 https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.108.2.522
  14. Jaemin Kang, Honggu Chun, Il Hyung Shin, Sang Do Shin, Gil Joon Suh, Hee Chan Kim, "Preliminary evaluation of the use of a CDMA -based emergency telemadicine system", J. Telemedicine and Telecare, 12, 422-427, 2006 https://doi.org/10.1258/135763306779378744
  15. Cabrera MF, Arredondo MT, Quiroga J., "Integration of telemedicine into emergency medical service", J. Telemedicine and Telecare, 8 (suppli. 2), 12-14, 2002 https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X020080S206
  16. 이인광, 최성수, 김군진, 장종찬, 김성식, 김경아, 차은종, "와류형 호흡기류 센서의 압력-기류 특성", 한국특허학회지, 13(1) 통권 제 24호, 39-44, 2008