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Effects of Raising Farm on Genetic Evaluation for Carcass Traits in Hanwoo Cows

사육농가의 효과가 한우 암소의 도체형질 유전 평가에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Chang-Woo (Gangwon Province Livestock Research Center) ;
  • Lee, Cheong-Mook (Pyongchang-Youngwol-Jungsun Livestock Cooperative Federation) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Jin (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Song, Young-Han (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Jeong-Koo (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Bok (College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University)
  • 이창우 (강원도축산기술연구센터) ;
  • 이정묵 (평창영월정선축협) ;
  • 이성진 (강원대학교 동물생명과학대학) ;
  • 송영한 (강원대학교 동물생명과학대학) ;
  • 이정구 (강원대학교 동물생명과학대학) ;
  • 김종복 (강원대학교 동물생명과학대학)
  • Received : 2011.05.03
  • Accepted : 2011.07.28
  • Published : 2011.08.31

Abstract

This research was conducted to analyze the effects of raising farm on the heritability and breeding values of Hanwoo cows for their carcass traits, including cold carcass weight (CWT), back-fat thickness (BFT), eye-muscle area (EMA) and marbling score (MAR). The carcass data and pedigree data were collected from steers raised on Hanwoo farms in Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do, South Korea. Three analytical models were applied for the estimation of heritabilities and breeding values. The first model (model 1) included slaughter house-year-month combination as fixed effects and age at slaughter was fitted as linear and quadratic covariates. The second model (model 2) was similar to model 1, but raising farm was additionally included as random effect. The third model (model 3) was similar to model 1 but farm effects were additionally included as fixed effect. The comparisons between the model 1 and the models including farm effect (model 2 and model 3) revealed that heritability estimates from model 2 or model 3 were smaller to those from model 1 for all carcass traits. Especially, obvious decrease of heritability was observed in CWT where heritability was 0.23 from model 1, 0.15 from model 2 and 0.18 from model 3. The maximum log likelihood of the model 2 and 3 were higher than those of model 1 for all traits. In model 2 that raising farm was included as a random effect, the ratio of farm variance to the total phenotypic variance were ranged from 4% (EMA) to 18% (CWT). Top 10% and bottom 10% of female cows were selected based on the breeding values from model 1, and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients among models were estimated for each trait within selected group. The correlation coefficients were ranged from 0.57 to 0.95 in top 10% group and from 0.68 to 0.95 in bottom 10% group. These results show that the discrepancies in the rankings of breeding values can be based on the models applied. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study suggest that the herd effect or farm effect should be included in the analytical model when breeding values are estimated with the purpose of improvement of carcass traits of Hanwoo breeding cows.

본 연구는 도체 평가형질인 도체중, 등지방두께, 등심면적 및 근내지방도에 대한 유전모수 및 한우 암소 번식우의 육종가 추정에서 사육농가가 미치는 영향력을 파악하기 위하여 실시하였다. 자료는 강원도 평창군내 한우 사육농가에서 비육 출하한 거세우의 도체성적과 거세우의 혈통 자료를 이용하였으며 유전분석은 다음과 같은 3개의 모델을 적용하여 실시하였다. 모델 1은 도축장소-도축년도-도축월을 동기우 그룹으로 형성한 고정효과로 그리고 상가적 개체 유전 효과를 임의 효과로 포함시켰고, 모델 2는 모델 1에 사육농가의 효과를 임의 효과로 추가하였으며, 모델 3은 모델 1에 사육농가의 효과를 고정효과로 추가하였다. 각 모델을 적용해서 실시한 분석결과를 비교해보면 모델 1에 비해 사육농가의 효과를 포함한 모델 2나 모델 3에서 모든 형질의 유전력 추정치가 작았는데 특히 도체중의 경우 모델 1에서의 유전력이 0.23, 모델 2에서의 유전력이 0.15, 모델 3에서의 유전력이 0.18로 사육농가효과를 포함한 모델에서 유전력 크기의 감소가 더 심했으며, 사육농가를 포함한 모델 2나 모델 3의 최대우도 값(maximum log Likelihood)은 도체중에서 각각 -44629.70과 -43956.12, 등지방두께에서 각각 -22939.43과 22687.18, 등심 면적에서 각각 29370.39와 29016.19, 근내지방도에서 각각 -11678.12와 -11591.64로 사육농가를 포함하지 않은 모델 1에서 각각의 우도함수 값 -44900.86 (도체중), -23055.71 (등지방두께), -29438.26 (등심면적), -11750.38 (근내지방도) 보다 더 컸고, 사육농가의 효과를 임의효과로 적합시킨 모델 2에서 사육농가의 분산은 형질에 따라 최대 18% (도체중)에서 최하 4% (등심면적)의 범위로 추정되었다. 그리고 거세우 어미 전체의 육종가를 이용하여 추정한 육종가의 모델 간 순위 상관 계수와 모델 1로 추정한 육종가에 근거하여 상위 10%와 하위 10%에 해당하는 암소를 각각 선발하고 선발된 집단 내에서 추정된 각 형질들의 모델 간 순위 상관계수를 추정한 결과 상위 10% 그룹내에서 형질별로 모델간 상관 계수는 0.57에서 0.95의 범위였고, 하위 10% 그룹 내에서 0.68에서 0.95의 범위였는데 이것은 육종가 추정에 적용된 모델에 따라 육종가 순위에 차이가 발생할 수 있음을 보여준다. 이러한 결과들은 한우 암소의 도체형질 개량을 위한 목적으로 육종가를 추정할 때 분석모형에 사육농가의 효과를 포함시켜야 함을 시사한다.

Keywords

References

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