DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

MPEG-2 Video Watermarking in Quantized DCT Domain

양자화된 DCT 영역에서의 MPEG-2 비디오 워터마킹

  • 임용순 (국제대학 방송계열 방송영상제작전공) ;
  • 강은영 (동양미래대학 정보통신과)
  • Received : 2011.01.10
  • Accepted : 2011.02.11
  • Published : 2011.02.28

Abstract

Watermarking is one of the methods that insist on a copyright as it append digital signals in digital informations.(image, video, ets) In this paper, we proposed a digital watermarking algorithm which improved Gradient of DCT Coefficient. This method targets MPEG-2 TM5 system and watermarking process is to be performed during Quantization DCT. Watermark was inserted on Y components of each frames. The PSNR difference between the compressed images with and without watermarking was only 0..23dB. In each case that the resulting image was reusable the normalized correlation between the extracted watermark and the original one was above 0.99.

디지털 방송 영상 정보에 디지털 신호를 삽입하여 저작권을 주장하는 방안으로 워터마킹 알고리즘을 들수 있다. 본 논문에서는 DCT 계수들의 기울기를 적용하여 개선된 워터마킹 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 본 알고리즘은 MPEG-2 TM5 시스템을 대상으로 하였고, 워터마킹 과정은 I 프레임의 명암성분의 양자화 DCT 영역에서 수행되었다. 압축 과정 중에 수행되며 워터마크는 I 프레임의 명암성분에 삽입된다. 워터마킹 과정을 수행한 압축된 영상과 원 영상의 사이의 평균 PSNR의 차가 단지 0.23dB의 낮은 값이 측정되었다. 추출된 워터마크와 원 워터마크의 정규화 상관도가 0.99 이상의 높은 값이 측정되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. A. Jain, Fundamentals of digital image processing, Prentice-Hall, 1986,
  2. I. J. Cox, J. Kilian, T. Leighton, and T. Shamoon, "Secure Spread Spectrum Watermarking for Multimedia, IEEE Trans. on Image Processing," vol. 6, no. 12, pp. 1673-1687, Dec. 1997. https://doi.org/10.1109/83.650120
  3. W. Zhu, Z. Xiong, and Y-Q. Zhang, "Multiresolution watermarking for images and video: a unified approach," IEEE ICIP, pp. 465-468, Chicago, IL, USA, Oct. 1998.
  4. X. Xia, C. G. Boncelet and G. R. Arce, "A Multiresolution Watermark for Digital Images," IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Processing, vol. 1, pp. 548-551, 1997.
  5. I. Cox, M. Miller, and J.Bloom. Digital Watermarking. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, 2002.
  6. C. Podilchuk and W. Zeng, "Image adaptive watermarking using visual models," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 525-539, May 1998. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.668975
  7. D. Zheng, J. Zhao and A. E. Saddik, "RSTinvariant digital image watermarking based on log-polar mapping and phase correlation," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 753-765, Aug. 2003. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815959
  8. J. Huang, Y. Q. Shi, and Y. Shi, "Embedding image watermarks in DC components," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 974-979, Sep. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1109/76.867936
  9. Y. Zhao, P. Campisi, and D. Kundur, "Dual domain watermarking for authentication and compression of cultural heritage images," IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 430-448, Mar. 2004. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2003.821552
  10. D. Zheng, Y. Liu, J. Zhao, and A. E. Saddik, "A survey of RST invariant image watermarking algorithms," ACM Computing Surveys, vol. 39, issue 2, no. 5, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1145/1242471.1242473