Empirical Analysis of Decision Maker's Schema and Cognitive Fit on Decision Performance

  • Chung, Nam-Ho (College of Hotel and Tourism Management, Kyunghee University) ;
  • Lee, Kun-Chang (SKK Business School, Department of Interaction Science, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 투고 : 2010.08.04
  • 심사 : 2011.06.02
  • 발행 : 2011.06.30

초록

This paper proposes a new framework to predict decision performance by investigating the cognitive fit of decision makers. We assume that every decision maker has two kinds of schema: emotional and rational. Cognitive fit is believed to have a close relationship with the two schemata and decision performance. In the literature on decision performance there is few studies investigating the relationship between the two schemata and cognitive fit. Therefore, our research purposes are twofold: (1) to provide a theoretical basis for the proposed framework describing the causal relationships among the two schemata, cognitive fit. and decision performance, and (2) to empirically prove its validity in the application to an Internet shopping environment. Based on the questionnaires from 104 respondents, we used a second order, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model to extract valid constructs, and a structural equation model (SEM) to calculate path coefficients and prove the statistical validity of our proposed research model. The experimental results supported our research model.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Adams, D.A., Nelson, R.R., and Todd, P.A., "Perceived usefulness, ease of use, and usage of information technology: a replication," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1992, pp. 227-247. https://doi.org/10.2307/249577
  2. Ahire, S.L., Golhar, D.Y., and Waller, M.A., "Development and validation of quality management implementation constructs," Decision Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1996, pp. 23-56. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1996.tb00842.x
  3. Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M., Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1980.
  4. Ajzen, I., "From Intention to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior," in Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior, J. Kuhl and J. Beckmann (eds), New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, pp. 11-39.
  5. Aldag, R.J. and Power, D.J., "An empirical assessment of computer-assisted decision analysis," Decision Science, Vol. 17, No. 4, 1986, pp. 572-588. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1986.tb00243.x
  6. Anderson, J. and Gerbing, D., "Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach," Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 103, No. 3, pp. 411-423.
  7. Axelrod, R., "Schema theory: an information processing model of perception and cognition," The American Political Science Review, Vol. 67, 1973, pp. 1248-1266. https://doi.org/10.2307/1956546
  8. Bandura, A., Social Learning Theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1977.
  9. Bandura, A., "Reflections on Self-efficacy," Advanced in Behavioral Research and Therapy, Vol. 1, No. 4, 1978, pp. 237-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6402(78)90012-7
  10. Bandura, A., Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall., 1986.
  11. Bandura, A. and Schunk, D.H., "Cultivating competence, self-efficacy, and intrinsic interest through proximal self-motivation," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 45, 1981, pp. 1017-1028.
  12. Bartlett, F.C., Remembering: An experimental and social study, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932.
  13. Bhattacherjee, A., "Acceptance of e-commerce services: the case of electronic brokerage," IEEE Transaction on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, Vol. 30, No. 4, 2000, pp. 411-420. https://doi.org/10.1109/3468.852435
  14. Bhattacherjee, A., "Understanding information systems continuance: An expectation-confirmation model," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 25, No. 3, 2001, pp. 351-370. https://doi.org/10.2307/3250921
  15. Birnbaum, M.H., Psychological Experiments on the Internet, Academic Press, 2000.
  16. Bowman, E.H., "Consistency and Optimality in Managerial Decision Making," Management Science, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1963, pp. 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.9.2.310
  17. Dambrot, F.H., Silling, S.M., and Zook, A., "Psychology of computer used: II. Sex differences in prediction of course grades in a computer language course," Perceptual and Motor Skills, Vol. 66, 1988, pp. 627-636. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.2.627
  18. Davis, F.D., "Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 3, 1989, pp. 319-339. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
  19. Davis, F.D., Bagozzi, R.P., and Warshaw, P.R., "User acceptance of computer technology: a comparison of two theoretical models," Management Science, Vol. 35, No. 8, 1989, pp. 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982
  20. Eagly, A.H. and Chaiken, S., The Psychology of Attitudes, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers, 1993.
  21. Fishbein, M., Attitude and the prediction of behavior, In M. Fishbein(Ed), Readings in attitude theory and measurement, New York: Wiley, 1967, pp. 477-492.
  22. Fiske, S.T. and Linville, P.W., "What does the schema concept buy us?," Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 6, 1980, pp. 543-557. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616728064006
  23. Fornell, C. and Larcker, D.F., "Evaluating structural models with unobservable variables and measurement error," Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18, 1981, pp. 39-50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
  24. Gefen, G., Karahanna, E., and Straub, D.W., "Trust and TAM in Online Shopping: An Integrated Model," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 1, 2003, pp. 51-90.
  25. Hair, J.F., R.E. Anderson, R.L. Tatham, and Black, W.C., Multivariate Data Analysis: With Readings, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, 1998.
  26. Hofstede, G., Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1980.
  27. Hofstede, G., Cultures and Organizations; Software of the Mind, 2nd ed. London, U.K.: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
  28. Honold, P., "Culture and Context. An empirical Study for the Development of a Framework for the Elicitation of Cultural Influence in Product Usage," The International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 12, No. 3/4, 2000, pp. 327-345.
  29. Katz, D. and Stotland, E., "A preliminary statement to a theory of attitude structure and change," In S. Koch(Ed), Psychology: A study of a science, New York: McGraw-Hill, Vol. 3, 1959, pp. 423-475.
  30. Kee, H. and Knox. R., "Conceptual and Methodological Considerations in the Study of Trust," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 14, 1970, pp. 357-366. https://doi.org/10.1177/002200277001400307
  31. Klein, G. and Jiang, J.J., "User perception of expert system advice," The Journal of Systems and Software, Vol. 48, 1999, pp. 155-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0164-1212(99)00053-9
  32. Lamkin, K.B. and Courtney, J.F., "The role of schema and available information in individual decision-making tasks: An empirical study of locally rational decisionmaking," Proceedings of the First Americas Conference on Information Systems, Association of Information Systems, Pittsburgh, PA, 1995, pp. 120-121.
  33. Lee, M.K.O. and Turban, E., "Trust in business to customer electronic commerce: a proposed research model and its application," International Journal of Electronic Commerce, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2000, pp. 75-91.
  34. Levin, T. and Gordon, C., "Effect of gender and computer experience on attitudes toward computers," Journal of Educational Computing Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1989, pp. 69-88.
  35. Liebermann, Y. and Flint-Goor, A., "Message strategy by product-class type: A matching model," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 13, 1996, pp. 237-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-8116(96)00005-5
  36. Mathieson, K., "Predicting user intensions: Comparing the technology acceptance model with the theory of planned behavior," Information Systems Research, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1991, pp. 173-191. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2.3.173
  37. Matlin, M.W., Cognition, Chicago: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1989.
  38. Onita, C.G. and Dhaliwal, J., "Emotional and rational components of IS service satisfaction and their impact on IS service continuance," ICIS 2010 proceedings, paper #238, 2010.
  39. Oz, E., Fedorowicz, J., and Stapleton, T., "Improving quality, speed and confidence in decision making," Information and Management, Vol. 24, 1993, pp. 71-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(93)90056-Y
  40. Power, D.J., Meyeraan, S.L., and Aldag, R.J., "Impacts of problem structure and computerized decision aids on decision attitudes and behaviors," Information and Management, Vol. 26, 1994, pp. 281-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7206(94)90067-1
  41. Raub, A.C., Correlates in computer anxiety and college students, Unpublished PhD. dissertation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA., 1981.
  42. Rosenberg, M.J. and Hovland, C.I., "Cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of attitudes," In C.I. Hovland and M.J. Rosenberg (Eds), Attitude organization and change: An analysis of consistency among attitude components, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1960, pp. 1-14.
  43. Rumelhart, D.E., Notes on a Schema for Stories. In D.G. Bobrow and A. Collins, Eds., Representation and understanding: studies in cognitive science, New York: Academic Press, 1975, pp. 211-236.
  44. Simonson, M.R., Maurer, M., Montag-Torardi, M., and Whitaker, M., "Development of a standardized test of computer literacy and a computer anxiety index," Journal of Educational Computations Research, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1987, pp. 231-247. https://doi.org/10.2190/7CHY-5CM0-4D00-6JCG
  45. Taylor, S. and Todd, P.A., "Understanding information technology usage: a test of competing models," Information Systems Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1995, pp. 144-176. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.6.2.144
  46. Taylor, S.E. and Crocker, J., "Schematic bases of social information processing," In E.T. Higgins, C.P. Herman, and M.P. Zanna(Eds), Social Cognition: The Ontario Symposium, Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, Vol. 1, 1981, pp. 89-134.
  47. Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D., "A model of the antecedents of perceived ease of use: development and test," Decision Sciences, Vol. 27, No. 3, 1996, pp. 451-481. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1996.tb01822.x
  48. Venkatesh, V. and Davis, F.D., "A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies," Management Science, Vol. 46, No. 2, 2000, pp. 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
  49. Venkatesh, V., "Determinants of perceived ease of use: integrating control, intrinsic motivation, and emotion into the technology acceptance model," Information Systems Research, Vol. 11, No. 4, 2000, pp. 342-365. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.11.4.342.11872
  50. Van der Heijden, H., "User Acceptance of Hedonic Information Systems," MIS Quarterly, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2004, pp. 695-704.
  51. Van de Ven, A.H. and R. Drazin, "The Concept of Fit in Contingency Theory," in L.L. Cummings and B.M. Staw(Eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, Greenwich, Connecticut: JAI Press, Vol. 7, 1985, pp. 333-365.
  52. Venkatraman, N., "The Concept of Fit in Strategy Research: Toward Verbal and Statistical Correspondence," Academy of Management Review, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1989, pp. 423-444.
  53. Venkatraman, N. and J.C. Camillus, "Exploring the Concept of 'Fit' in Strategic Management," Academy of Management Review, Vol. 9, No. 3, 1984, pp. 513-525.
  54. Vessey, I., "Cognitive Fit: A Theory-Based Analysis of the Graphs Versus Tables Literature," Decision Sciences, Vol. 22, 1991, pp. 219-240. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1991.tb00344.x
  55. Vessy, I. and Galletta, D., "Cognitive Fit: An Empirical Study of Information Acquisition," Information Systems Research, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1991, pp. 63-84. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2.1.63
  56. Wood, R.E. and Bandura, A., "Impact of conceptions of ability on self-regulatory mechanisms and complex decision making," Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 56, 1989, pp. 407-415.