Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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The Effects of the Physical Activity Program on Body Composition, Depression and Risk Factors of Dementia in the Elderly Women

고령 여성들의 신체활동 프로그램 참여가 신체조성, 우울증 및 치매 위험 인자에 미치는 영향

  • Han, Ji-A (Department of Physical Education Sookmyung University) ;
  • Chung, Ji-Hye (Department of Physical Education Sookmyung University) ;
  • Kim, Duk-Jung (Department of Sports and Leisure, WooSuk University)
  • 한지아 (숙명여자대학교 체육교육학과) ;
  • 정지혜 (숙명여자대학교 체육교육학과) ;
  • 김덕중 (우석대학교 레저스포츠학과)
  • 투고 : 2010.12.27
  • 심사 : 2011.03.20
  • 발행 : 2011.03.30
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초록

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a physical activity program on body composition, depression and risk factors of dementia in elderly women. Subjects were 40 women aged 65~75 years, classified into two groups (experiment group 20, control group 20). The factors measured in this study were body composition (weight, percent body fat, body mass index, body fluid), depression (BDI score) and risk factors of dementia (K-MMSE, LDL-C, HDL-C, insulin, ${\beta}$-amyloid, DHEAs) at 12 and 24 weeks before and after the program. Subjects of experiment group participated in a 24 week physical activity program (45~60 min, 3~4 day per weeks). Data were analyzed by repeated ANOVA method of SPSS, with accepting levels for all significances above ${\alpha}$=0.05. The results of this study were as follows. In body composition, the experiment group showed significant differences in the weight, percent body fat and body mass index compared to the control group. In depression score, the experiment group showed no significant differences regarding BDI score level compared to the control group. In risk factors for dementia, the experiment group showed significant differences in levels of K-MMSE, LDL-C, HDL-C, insulin, ${\beta}$-amyloid, and DHEAs compared to the control group. This study showed that a 24 week physical activity program had positive effects on almost all of the factors evaluated in elderly women, and that elderly women who did not participate in the program experiences no such positive effects. Therefore, regular participation in a physical activity program could be advocated as one strategy to enhance body fat, depression, and risk factors of dementia and may result in improving risk for diseases of age in elderly women.

본 연구는 고령 여성들을 대상으로 24주간 신체자극 운동과 걷기 운동의 신체활동 프로그램 병행이 신체조성, 우울증 점수 및 치매 위험 인자의 변화를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 65~75세의 고령 여성 40명으로서 규칙적인 운동 프로그램에 참여하지 않는 고령 여성들로 실험 집단 20명과 통제 집단 20명, 총 40명을 선정하였다. 24주 간 신체 자극 운동 프로그램은 Kim [33]이 고령자를 대상으로 개발한 프로그램을 수정, 보완하여 운동 빈도는 3~4회/주, 운동시간은 총 45~60분/일으로 하였다. 자료처리는 반복측정에 의한 분산분석(Repeated ANOVA)방법으로 처리한 결과, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 24주간 신체자극 운동과 걷기 운동의 신체활동 프로그램이 고령 여성들에 있어서 신체조성을 개선시키고, 발생빈도와 재발률이 높고 약물치료가 어려운 음성 증상 중의 하나인 우울증 점수뿐만 아니라, 치매를 예방에 효과적인 결과를 보였다. 그러나 신체적 비활동은 만성질환에 쉽게 노출되는 것으로 나타났다.

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