Early Matured Pear Cultivar 'Supergold' with High Quality and Greenish-white Skin for Overseas Trade

조생종 고품질 녹백색 배 '슈퍼골드'

  • Kang, Sam-Seok (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Yoon-Kyeong (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Cho, Kwang-Sik (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Jeong, Sang-Bouk (Foundation of Agricultural Technology Commercialization & Transfer) ;
  • Hwang, Hea-Seong (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Kim, Myung-Su (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Shin, Il-Sheob (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Shin, Yong-Uk (Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Won, Kyeong-Ho (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science) ;
  • Choi, Jang-Jeon (Pear Research Station, National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science)
  • 강삼석 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 김윤경 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 조광식 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 정상복 (농업기술실용화재단) ;
  • 황해성 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 김명수 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 신일섭 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 신용억 (국립원예특작과학원 과수과) ;
  • 원경호 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장) ;
  • 최장전 (국립원예특작과학원 배시험장)
  • Received : 2011.07.20
  • Accepted : 2011.09.28
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

Pear cultivar 'Supergold' (Pyrus pyrifolia var. culta Nakai) was originated from the cross between 'Chuwhangbae' and 'Manpungbae' with the aims of improving the fruit quality of 'Chuwhangbae' cultivar at Pear Research Station of National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration in 1994. 'Supergold' was preliminarily selected in 2002 and named in 2008. The tree shows a vigorous growth habit and semi-spread characters like as 'Manpungbae'. Furthermore, it has sufficient flowers and carries abundant pollen grains, so it can also be used as a pollinator. 'Supergold' is highly resistant to black leaf spot (Alternaria kikuchiana) in the field condition. The optimum harvest time is around Sep. 11th, which is ahead of 'Whangkeumbae' about 5 days in the harvest period. The fruit shape is oblate and fruit skin color is greenish-white at harvesting time. The average weight of fruit is 570 g, and the soluble solids content is $13.6\;^{\circ}Brix$. The flesh is very soft and juicy, and renders good eating quality. Shelf life is about 6 months under the cold storage condition. To determine the self-incompatibility (SI) genotype of 'Supergold' pear cultivar, it was crossed with other cultivars of which SI genotypes have already known. The result of cross-pollinations of 'Supergold' with other cultivars showed relatively high rates of fruit set from 64.5% to 91.0%, except for the cross with pollens of 'Nijisseiki' that represented only 28.8% of fruiting rate. Although sometimes the stigma of 'Supergold' crossed with 'Hayatama', 'Chojuro', and 'Nijisseiki' showed malformed pollen tube tips, 'Supergold' is generally supposed to have cross-compatibility with all other pollen donor cultivars. It is considered that the S-allele of 'Supergold' is $S_3S_4$, which is based on the result of PCR-RFLP.

'슈퍼골드' 품종은 농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 배시험장에서 1994년에 '추황배'의 품질을 개선하기 위하여 '추황배'에 '만풍배'를 교배하였다. 2002년에 1차 선발하고 2008년에 최종선발하였다. 화분친인 '만풍배'와 같이 수세는 강하고, 수자는 반개장성이다. 꽃이 풍부하고, 꽃가루도 많아 수분수로 이용할 수 있다. '슈퍼골드'는 검은무늬병(Alternaria kikuchiana)에 포장 저항성을 나타내었다. 수확기는 9월 11일 전후로 황금배보다 5일 빨리 수확할 수 있다. 과형은 편원형이며 과피색은 수확기에 녹백색이다. 평균과중 570g이고, 당도는 $13.6^{\circ}Brix$이다. 육질은 부드럽고 과즙이 풍부하여 식미가 우수하다. 저온 보구력은 6개월 정도이다. 자가불화합 유전자형을 확인하기 위해 유전자형이 알려진 품종의 꽃가루로 교배를 한 결과 28.8%로 낮은 착과율을 보인 이십세기 조합을 제외한 모든 조합에서 64.5%에서 91.0%로 비교적 높은 착과를 보였다. '조옥', '장십랑', '이십세기'와의 교배에서 화분관 선단이 이상비대하는 현상을 보였지만 교배에 이용한 모든 화분친 품종과 교배화합성을 보였다. PCR-RFLP 결과 '슈퍼골드'의 자가불화합 유전자형은 $S_3S_4$로 확인되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho, K.S., S.S. Kang, H.M. Cho, G.C. Koh, K.H. Hong, D.S. Son, W.C. Kim, and K.Y. Kim. 2003. Breeding of a very soft, juicy, large size, and high quality mid-season pear cultivar 'Manpungbae'. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 21:25-28.
  2. Hiratuska, S., Y. Kitoh, and J. Matsushima. 1991. Induction of deformed pollen tube tips and their morphological characteristics in self-incompatible Japanese pear. J. Japan Soc. Hort. Sci. 60:257-265. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.60.257
  3. Hwang, H.S., W.C. Kim, I.S. Shin, H.M. Cho, Y.U. Shin, D.K. Lee, and S.S. Hong. 2005. Breeding of a new yellow green pear cultivar 'Josengwhangkeum' (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) with high quality for summer season. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 23:56-59.
  4. Kang, S.S., K.S. Cho, J.H. Song, Y.K. Kim, S.B. Jeong, D.S. Son, H.M. Cho, K.H. Hong, M.S. Kim, I.S. Shin, Y.U. Shin, W.C. Kim, and G.C. Koh. 2008. 'Noksu', a new late summer season pear cultivar with high fruit quality and green skin. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 26(Suppl. II):31-35.
  5. Kim, Y.S., K.H. Hong, J.B. Kim, M.S. Yiem, U.J. Lee, W.C. Kim, J.H. Kim, S.B. Hong, S.B. Kim, J.Y. Moon, K.Y. Kim, M.D. Cho, and D.K. Lee. 1986. A new late-season pear cultivar, 'Chuwhangbae'. Res. Rpt. RDA (Hort.) 28:57-61.
  6. Kim, Y.S., W.C. Kim, K.H. Hong, J.B. Kim, U.J. Kim, S.B. Hong, J.H. Kim, Y.K. Kim, J.Y. Moon, K.Y. Kim, M.D. Cho, D.K. Lee, and D.M. Park. 1985. A new mid-season pear cultivar, 'Whangkeumbae' with high soluble solids content and beautiful appearance. Res. Rpt. RDA (Hort.) 27:103-106.
  7. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 1995. Manual for agricultural investigation. RDA, Suwon.
  8. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2003. Manual for agricultural investigation. RDA, Suwon.
  9. Takasaki, T., K. Okada, C. Castillo, Y. Moriya, T. Saito, Y. Sawamura, N. Norioka, S. Norioka, and T. Nakanishi. 2004. Sequence of the S9-RNase cDNA and PCR-RFLP system for discriminating S1- to S9-allele in Japanese pear. Euphytica. 135:157-167.