생명과학회지 (Journal of Life Science)

  • 제21권6호
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  • Pages.893-900
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  • 2011
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  • 1225-9918(pISSN)
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  • 2287-3406(eISSN)
한국생명과학회 (Korean Society of Life Science)
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Prostatic acid phosphatase의 전립선 암에서의 역할

Roles of Prostatic Acid Phosphatase in Prostate Cancer

  • 공훈영 (단국대학교 분자생물학과, 나노센서바이오텍연구소) ;
  • 이학종 (서울대학교 의과대학, 분당서울대학교병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 변종회 (단국대학교 분자생물학과, 나노센서바이오텍연구소)
  • Kong, Hoon-Young (Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University) ;
  • Lee, Hak-Jong (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Byun, Jong-Hoe (Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University)
  • 투고 : 2011.05.24
  • 심사 : 2011.06.04
  • 발행 : 2011.06.30
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초록

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP)는 전립선 암의 진단에 널리 사용되는 표지자로서 1935년 처음으로 동정되었고 인체 전립선에 가장 많이 존재하는 탈 인산화효소이다. PAP는 prostate epithelial cells에서 합성되는 전립선 특이적인 효소로서, 산성 환경에서 효소활성을 띠는 acid phosphatase 그룹에 속한다. PAP는 전립선액에 풍부히 존재하여 수정, 정자부족증, 만성통증의 감소에 관여한다. 그러나 가장 눈에 띄는 기능은 ERK1/2와 MAPK 경로에 관계된 HER-2와 PI3P의 탈 인산화를 유도하여 세포 성장 신호를 억제하고 전립선 암의 억제자로 작용하는 것이다. 최근 PAP DNA 백신을 이용하는 임상시험이 현재 진행 중이고, PAP를 이용한 immunotherapy를 통해 전립선 암을 치료하는 방법이 FDA의 승인을 받아 시행되고 있다. 이러한 PAP의 임상적 중요성에도 불구하고 현재까지 PAP의 분자적 조절기작에 대한 이해는 제한적이라 PAP에 대한 많은 연구가 필요한 실정이다. PAP는 NF-${\kappa}B$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1 및 androgen과 androgen receptor에 의하여 promoter region이 조절된다고 알려졌다. 본 총설에서는 현재까지 밝혀진 PAP 유전자 및 단백질의 특징들과 더불어 전립선 암에서의 PAP의 기능, 발현 조절, 역할들을 종합하였다.

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) is one of the widely used biomarkers in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. It was initially identified in 1935 and is the most abundant phosphatase in the human prostate. PAP is a prostate-specific enzyme that is synthesized in prostate epithelial cells. It belongs to the acid phosphatase group that shows enzymatic activity in acidic conditions. PAP is abundant in prostatic fluid and is thought to have a role in fertilization and oligospermia. It also has a potential role in reducing chronic pain. But one of the most apparent functions of PAP is the dephosphorylation of macromolecules such as HER-2 and PI3P that are involved in the ERK1/2 and MAPK pathways, which in turn leads to inhibition of cell growth and tumorigenesis. Currently, clinical trials using PAP DNA vaccine are underway and FDA-approved immunotherapy using PAP is commercially available. Despite these clinically important aspects, molecular mechanisms underlying PAP regulation are not fully understood. The promoter region of PAP was reported to be regulated by NF-${\kappa}B$, TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-1, androgen and androgen receptors. Here, the features of PAP gene and protein structures together with the function, regulation and roles of PAP in prostate cancer are discussed.

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피인용 문헌

  1. Emerging Roles of Human Prostatic Acid Phosphatase vol.21, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2012.095